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Fri Mar 21 07:46:09 PDT 2008

Contents

    Index of Samples of MATHS Documentation

      About my samples

       These pages are part of Richard J Botting's professional development program. They demonstrate how a simple formal language [ ../maths/ ] can be used in developing software and web pages.

      These pages are not about code but about ways of thinking about problems and solutions. They often focus on the special languages and protocols that form a large part of computing.

      Changes


      (changes 2008):
      1. New set of Frequently Asked Questions for simple CS1 C++ [ c++.FAQ.html ]

      (changes 2007):
      1. New summary of mapping ΤΕΧ to HTML [ tex2html.html ] in MATHS. Includes list of Greek alphabet.
      2. Improved information on [ people.html#Societies ]
      3. New topic [ etc.html#Visualization and Diagrams and Presentations ]

      (new 2006): following
      1. (Winter 2006): URLs [ URL.syntax.html ]
      2. (Summer 2006): Z [ z.html ] [ comp.spec.Z.html ]

        [ tenses.html ] (From an English Grammar)

        [ tautologies.html ] (From Reichenbach45)

      3. (Spring 2006) TeX [ languages.html#TeX ] [ comp.text.TeX.html ] [ comp.text.TeX.Mathematical.html ]

      (new 2005): following
      1. (November) Prime Numbers [ primes.html ]
      2. (October) Sudoku [ sudoku.html ]
      3. (Summer) Medieval Logic [ syllogisms.html ]
      4. (June) Initial documentation on PHP [ php_intro.html ]
      5. (June) Moving UML documentations from 1.* to UML2.0 [ uml.html ]

      (new 2004): following
      1. New entry on ontologies (logical models of parts of the world): Ontologies.
      2. (Z Syntax): recreated [ z.syntax.html ] from a copy in another directory in HTML!


        (A): A new small autocode [ A.html ] based on the languages I used in the 1960s.


        (Minski): A small but universal language: TBA based on Minski's book.


      (new2003): following

        (People in Software Development): [ people.html ]
        (Tools for Software Development): [ tools.html ]
        (General Software Development Links): [ etc.html ]
        (Languages): [ languages.html ]
        (Methods): [ methods.html ]
        (Standards): [ standards.html ]

      Search my samples

      This form has been improved and moved to [ lab.html ] where you can search for more with less trouble.

      Some Simple Examples of Math in Use
      (filter to allow case insensitive searches of my bibliography): [ nocase.html ] (Mar 14th 2000)
      (Analysis of the Sudoku puzzle): Careful definition [ sudoku.html ]
      (Solving a Car Talk Puzzler about a fishing expedition): [ fish.html ]
      (Mathematical Model of the "99 Beers on a Wall Song"): [ 99beers.html ]
      (Mathematical Model of A Data Mart Project): [ project.html ]
      (Selecting FTP jobs to kill): . [ hours.html ]
      (Recognizing Abbreviations for Months): . [ months.html ]
      (Word wrapping a file): . [ br.d.html ]

      Descriptions of systems other than software
      (The Local csci.csusb.edu domain): [ csci.csusb.edu.html ]

      Glossaries
      (glossary): [ glossary.html ]
      (HTML.glossary): [ comp.html.glossary.html ]
      (Methods.glossary): [ methods.glossary.html ]
      (objects.glossary): [ objects.glossary.html ]
      (Programming languages.Glossary): [ languages.glossary.html ]


      (Ada glossary): [ ada.glossary.html ]
      (C++ glossary): [ c++.glossary.html ]
      (Java glossary): [ java.glossary.html ]
      (Prolog glossary): [ prolog.glossary.html ]
      (SmallTalk glossary): [ smalltalk.glossary.html ]
      (C++ Standard Template Library STL glossary): [ stl.glossary.html ]
      (Unified Modeling Language UML Glossary): [ uml.glossary.html ]

      Mail


      (mail.syntax): [ mail.syntax.html ]
      (comp.mail.MIME): [ comp.mail.MIME.html ]

      Methods, Processes, Standard, Methodologists
      (Methods): [ methods.html ]
      (Standards): [ standards.html ]

      Meta-languages
      (comp.text.Meta): languages [ comp.text.Meta.html ] and
      (an introduction to XBNF): . [ intro_ebnf.html ]

      Miscellaneous Notations
      (Colors): [ color.html ]
      (comp.prog.5_Hungarian): [ comp.prog.5_Hungarian.html ]
      (comp.text.ASCII): [ comp.text.ASCII.html ]
      (comp.text.Meta): languages that describe other languages: [ comp.text.Meta.html ]
      (Regular Expressions): used in many languages (and in theory) to describe sets of strings [ regular_expressions.html ]
      (Unified Modeling Language UML): [ uml.html ] and the
      (Object Constraint Language OCL): [ ocl.html ] plus
      (conjectural grammar .mdl file format Rational Rose): . [ uml.mdl.html ]
    1. mdl::DOS_file_extension=indicates a Rational ROse model.


      (Virtual Reality Modeling Language VRML): . [ vrml.html ]

      Mark Up Languages


      (HTML syntax): HyperText Markup Language [ comp.html.syntax.html ]
      (XHTML): eXtendable HTML (Febuary 2000) [ xhtml.html ]
      (SGML): Standard Generalized Markup Language [ comp.text.SGML.html ]
      (TeX): Mathematical mark-up and type setting. [ languages.html#TeX ] [ comp.text.TeX.html ] [ comp.text.TeX.Mathematical.html ]
      (XML): (eXtensible Markup Language). [ xml.html ]

      Also see [ languages.html ]

      Patterns


      (patterns): GRASP, OO, Gof, ... [ patterns.html ]

      Ontologies
    2. Ontology::=A logical model of a domain typically expressing relations between classes of objects. The syntax seems to be usally based on LISP (hasPurpose SomeThing reasonForBeing) or XML. Aristotle seems to have been the first, archetypal, ontologist. [ Ontology_%28computer_science%29 ] (Wikipedia) [ related.html ] (projects) [ what-is-an-ontology.html ] (FAQ) [ http://www.co-ode.org/ontologies/pizza/2005/10/18/ ] (Pizza).


      (Cyc): The closed source grand-daddy of all computerized ontologies developed by Doug Lenat , which has an open source version called OpenCyc
      (OpenCyc): The top 1% of Cyc taxonomy and open. [ opencyc-ontology.txt ] (5Megabytes of LISPy text)


      (SUMO): Suggested Upper Merged Ontology. An open source formal upper ontology [ http://www.ontologyportal.org/ ] developed under the IEEE P1600.1 Standard Upper Ontology Working Group [ http://suo.ieee.org/ ] and maintained by Adam Pease [ http://home.earthlink.net/~adampease/professional/ ] SUMO can be browsed on-line at [ http://icosym-nt.cvut.cz/kifb/en/ ] (BROKEN!) and has a WikiPedia article [ Suggested_Upper_Merged_Ontology ] , a UML model [ Phytila-SUMO.html ] and another web site [ http://ontology.teknowledge.com/ ]


      (bibliographic items mentioning ontologies): Including Doug Lenat... [ bib.php?search=ontolog ]


      (My notes on Ontologies): Modelling classifications [ notn_16_Classification.html ] and a sampler [ logic_8_Natural_Language.html ] of logical ontologies.

      Unified Modeling Language

      Also known as the UML. See [ uml.html ] and [ ocl.html ] (Object Constraint Language) plus a conjectural grammar for the .mdl files used by Rational Rose [ uml.mdl.html ]

      Programming Languages


        (Other languages): [ languages.html ]
        (Languages Glossary): [ comp.lang.Glossary.html ]

        Ada
        (Pointers to ada on the Web): [ ada.html ]
        (ada glossary): [ ada.glossary.html ]
        (ada83 syntax): [ ada.syntax.html ]

        Algol
        (algol60 syntax): (Based on the Algol 60 Report). [ algol60.syntax.html ]

        From an old CDC manual [ Algol-BNF.html ] (Bernhard Treutwein).

        From the original via ΤΕΧ by Erik Schoenfelder [ report.htm ] (Brigton University, Sussex, England)


        (Algol 68 Wilhelm Bernhard Kloke): home page [ index.html ] and Revised Report [ RR ]

        C and C++


        (Pointers to the draft copy of the C++ Standard): (the real standard costs money). [ http://www.csci.csusb.edu/dick/c++std/ ]
        (syntax/BNF from the standard): Translated into XBNF [ c++.standard.syntax.html ]
        (Overview of C++): [ c++.html ] including pointers to:
        (c++ glossary): [ c++.glossary.html ]
        (c++ syntax): [ c++.syntax.html ]
        (c semantics): [ c.semantics.html ]
        (c syntax): [ c.syntax.html ] (Standard Template Library(STL)): [ stl.html ]

        COBOL
        (Introduction): [ cobol.html ]
        (Syntax): [ cobol.syntax.html ]

        HyperTalk


        (HyperTalk Handbook): [ hypertalk.html ]

        Java


        (Pointers to Java Documentation): [ java.html ]
        (syntax): [ java.syntax.html ]
        (semantics): [ java.semantics.html ]
        (Applications Programmer Interfaces Java API 1.2): [ java.1.2.classes.html ]
        (API 1.0 to 1.1): [ java.class.tree.html ]
        (Java Classes): [ java.classes.html ]

        JavaScript
        (JavaScript): [ javascript.html ]

        LISP
        (lisp.lexemes): [ lisp.lexemes.html ]
        (lisp.semantics): [ lisp.semantics.html ]
        (lisp.syntax): [ lisp.syntax.html ]

        Pascal
        (pascal.lexemes): [ pascal.lexemes.html ]
        (pascal.syntax): [ pascal.syntax.html ]

        Perl
        (perl): [ perl.html ] also see [ Regular Expressions ] below.

        PHP

         [ php_intro.html ] also see [ Regular Expressions ] below.

        Python

         [ languages.html#Python ]

        Prolog
        (Prolog Overview Pointers): [ prolog.html ]
        (prolog.glossary): [ prolog.glossary.html ]
        (prolog.semantics): [ prolog.semantics.html ]
        (prolog.syntax): [ prolog.syntax.html ]
        (prolog.predicates): (For SWI-prolog). [ prolog.predicates.html ]
        (prolog.www.sites): [ prolog.www.sites.html ]
        (prolog.FAQ): [ prolog.questions ]

        Smalltalk
        (smalltalk.glossary): [ smalltalk.glossary.html ]
        (smalltalk.semantics): [ smalltalk.semantics.html ]
        (smalltalk.syntax): [ smalltalk.syntax.html ]

        Standard ML
        (ml.syntax.html): [ ml.syntax.html ]

        Small Languages

         These are different starting points for an exercise in Object Oriented analysis and design of programming languages [ http://cse.csusb.edu/dick/cs320/ ] course. The student's first task is to find out what is wrong with the LRMs below and then propose some fixes. By the end of the quarter they will have developed their own improved languages and LRMs. All are welcome to attend these presentations.

          (small): a small language(January 2001) [ small.html ]
          (OJ): a very small language(April 1st 2000) [ oj.html ]
          (Small Awk Language): (January 2000). [ smallawk.html ]
          (A): A small autocode [ A.html ]

      . . . . . . . . . ( end of section Programming Languages) <<Contents | End>>

      Operating System Languages


      (unix linux commands): [ unix.commands.html ]
      (unix syntax): UNIX operating system commands [ unix.syntax.html ] also see [ Regular Expressions ]
      (shell syntax): bash, ksh, csh, sh, ... [ shell.syntax.html ] also see [ Regular Expressions ]

      Specification and Requirements Languages

        IEEE SRS
        (IEEE Standard SRS templates): [ IEEEoutline.html ]

        Local SRS


        (Local Standard SRS templates): [ outline.html ] (HTML) [ outline.mth ] (MATHS)

        Unified
        (Unified Modeling Language): [ uml.html ] and the
        (Object Constraint Language): (OCL). [ ocl.html ]

        Z
        (comp.spec.Z): [ comp.spec.Z.html ]
        (z.syntax): [ z.syntax.html ]

      . . . . . . . . . ( end of section Specification and Requirements Languages) <<Contents | End>>

      Languages For systems, Problem, and Domain Analysis


        (test translating URLs MATHS to HTML): (March 2000) [ tester.html ]
        (MATHS manifesto): [ 10.manifesto.html ]
        (MATHS README): [ intro_README.html ]
        (MATHS lexicon): [ math.lexicon.html ]
        (MATHS syntax): [ math.syntax.html ]

        Some [ Specification and Requirements Languages ] can also be used to describe problem domains and existing systems.

      . . . . . . . . . ( end of section Languages For systems, Problem, and Domain Analysis) <<Contents | End>>

      Theories

      There is nothing so practical as a good theory [ end1 ]


      (Medieval Logic): Categorical syllogisms [ syllogisms.html ]
      (BAN logic authentication): June 2002 [ BAN.html ]


      (Design Theory Circa 1995): [ design95.html ]
      (Design Theory Circa 1999): [ design99.html ]

      End Notes

        end1

         The source for this quote is commonly given as Kurt Lewin. I'm trying to find it in a publication. It certainly seems to reflect his attitude. I thought it was Dirac. I've heard of other attributions.

      . . . . . . . . . ( end of section End Notes) <<Contents | End>>

    . . . . . . . . . ( end of section Index of Samples of MATHS Documentation) <<Contents | End>>

End