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Bibliography

Richard J Botting
A Bibliography of software development
1984..2005 [ newbib.html ]
=BIBLIOGRAPHY
Goal:= To document most useful theories and the most reliable information about current and past practice.
Example: What really happened when IPT was tried at the New York Times? [McNurlin77]
Example: for how long have people been writing about replacing the Software Development Live Cycle? [Gladden82]

Aaen03

Ivan Aaen
Software Process Improvement: Blueprints versus Recipes
IEEE Software Magazine V20n5(Sep/Oct 2003)pp86-93
=ADVOCATES AGILE IMPROVEMENT SPI PEOPLE vs PROCEDURE
Lists the risks of having a separate SPI team working out a blueprint/structure/standards.
Promotes the facilitation of improvisation plus reflection within existing teams

AalstWeijtersMaruster04

Wil van der Aalst & Ton Weijters & Laura Maruster
Workflow mining: discovering process models from event logs
IEEE Trans Knowledge and Data Engineering V16n9(Nov 2004)pp1128-1142 CR 0512-1362
=THEORY =APPLIED 2 SYSTEM nonsequential PETRI SWF-net workflow-net α-algorithm TOOLS EMiT Little Thumb WORKFLOW
Start with logs of real work-flows.
Gives α-algorithm to convert logs into nets. Work-nets are specialized petri P/T nets with certain structures forbidden.
Tested on system for patients in hospital and had to ignore rare events/activi ties.
Tested on 130,136 cases of fine collection for a justice system.

AalstWeske05

Wil M van der Aalst & Mathias Weske
Case Handling: A new paradigm for business process support
Data & Knowledge Engineering V53n2(May 2005)pp129-162 CR 0605-0527
=UNREAD =IDEA WORKFLOW DESIGN UML METAMODEL [click here if you can fill this hole]

AbadiLamport90

Martin Abadi & Leslie Lamport
Composing Specifications
Digital Sys Res Center(Oct 10 1990) CR9405-0309 F.3.1 [AbadiLamport93]
=MATHEMATICAL SPECIFICATION LOGIC
Has a ref to Cliff Jones's Oxford PhD Thesis in the early 80s! p9: "Composition is conjunction" cf Zave & Jackson.

AbadiLamport92

Martin Abadi & Leslie Lamport
An Old-fashioned Recipe for Real Time
Digital Sys Res Center TR#91(Oct 12 1992) [AbadiLamport94]
=MATHEMATICAL TIMING LOGIC

AbadiLamport93

Martin Abadi & Leslie Lamport
Composing Specifications
ACM TOPLAS V15n1(Jan 1993)pp73-132
=MATHEMATICAL SPECIFICATION LOGIC
Reviewed CR9405-0309 F.3.1
similar to AbadiLamport90 Based on Lamport91

AbadiLamport94

Martin Abadi & Leslie Lamport
An Old-fashioned recipe for Real Time
ACM TOPLAS V16n5(Sep 1994)pp1543-1571 See [AbadiLamport92]
=MATHEMATICAL TIMING LOGIC
Review CR9507-0506 F.3.1: uses TLA as a base
can reason separately about function and timing(by var now:real). Two problems: now can get stuck (Zeno-ness) or two requirements can conflict. ->> detect and correct spec to avoid. (not in A&L 1992?)

AbadiLamport95

Martin Abadi & Leslie Lamport
Conjoining Specifications
ACM Ttrans Prog Lang Sys V17n3(May 1995)pp507-535 CR9605-0369 CR9608-0610(...cumbersome notation....) F.3.1
=MATHEMATICAL SPECIFICATION LOGIC TLA
conjunction implies parallel combination

Abbotetal93

Ben Abbott & Ted Bapty & Csaba Biegl & Gabor Karsai & Janos Sztipanovits
Model Based Software Synthesis
IEEE Software Magazine (May 1993) pp42-52
=ADVERT METHOD

Abbott83

?? Abbott
Program Design by Informal English Descriptions
Commun ACM Vol 26 No 11(Nov 1983)pp882-894
=IDEA ADTs REALITY THEORY Informal algorithm->model->code
Start with an informal algorithm and extract and object-oriented model.
Leads to Grady Booch's methods but is later critiscized because getting the algorithm is difficult. [Booch83] [Booch86]

Abdel-Hamid96

Tarek K Abdel-Hamid
The Slippery Path to Productivity Improvement
IEEE Software Magazine VSE13N4(Jul 1996)pp43-54
=SIMULATION TOOLS PEOPLE
simulation rediscovers Brookes's Law. Also raw historical data can trigger a brookes crisis. Work reffered to in [Brooks95]

Aberdour07

Mark Aberdour
Achieving Quality in Open Source Software
IEEE Software Magazine V24n1(Jan/Feb 2007)pp58-64
=SURVEY OSS RESEARCH OPEN SOURCE TECHNICAL QUALITY PEOPLE ONION
Table 1 compares open and closed source processes.
Page 62: 3 open source maturity models.
Good software engineering complements good people structure.

Abiteboul00

Serge Abiteboul & Peter Buneman & Dan Suciu
Data on the Web: from relations to semistructured data and XML
Morgan Kaufman SF CA 2000 ISBN 1-55860-622-X CR 0105-0161 QA76.9.D3 A258
=MONOGRAPH DATA NET/WWW LOGIC XML XSL-QL DTD ACeDB OEM Lore Strudel

AbowdDix93

Gregory D Abowd & Alan J Dix
Integrating status and event phenomena in formal specifictions of interactive systems
SIGSOFT'94 Proc 2nd ACM SIGSOFT Symp on Foundations of Software Engineering & ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V19n5(Dec 1994)pp44-52. See [ZaveJackson94]
=MATHEMATICAL HCI/USER SPECIFICATION

Abowdetal93

Gregory D Abowd & Robert Allen & David Garlan
Using Style to Understand Descriptions of Software Architecture
In [Notkin93] pp9-20
=THEORY MATHEMATICAL ARCHITECTURE
Z Pipe-filter and Event System styles
partial functions Syntax<>->Semantics to describe constraints on syntax

Abowdetal95

Gregory D Abowd & Robert Allen & David Garlan
Formalizing Style to Understand Descriptions of Software Architecture
ACM Trans Softw Eng Methodol V4n4(Oct 1995)pp319-365
=THEORY MATHEMATICAL ARCHITECTURE
expanded version of 1994 SIGSOFT paper (or is it : AbowdAllenGarlan93?)

AbramowitzStegun6465

(National Bureau of Standards)
Handbook of Mathematical Functions
hard back edition 1964 & Dover paper back edition NY NY 1965
=HANDBOOK MATH FUNCTIONS TABLES FORMULAE

Abramson73

?? Abramson
Theory & Practice of a Bottom-up Syntax Directed Translator
NY Ac Press 1973
=HOWTO COMPILER DDD REALITY SYSTEM

AbramsonDahl89

Harvey Abramson & Veronica Dahl
Logic Grammars
Springer Verlag 1989
=HOWTO GRAMMAR DDD PROLOG REALITY

Abrial89

J Abrial
A Formal Approach to Large Software Construction
In Mathematics of Program construction J L A Van de Snepscheut(ed) Springer NY NY 1989 pp 1-20. See [LafontaneLedruSchobbens91]
=ADVERT LOGIC TOOL Z VDM B
B theorem prover LOGIC TOOL used by Z and VDM groups

Abrial09

Jean-Raymond Abrial
Faultless Systems: Yes we can
IEEE Computer Magazine V42n9(Sep 2009)pp30-36
=ADVERT FORMAL SYSTEMS REQUIREMENTS B Event-B CORRECTNESS MODEL PROOF SIMULATION REFINEMENT PATTERNS MATHEMATICS TOOL Rodin
assumes waterfall is necessary.
process=requirements; model; code.
requirements are a mixture of informal explanations and form definitions and proofs etc.
Use coupled discrete state transition systems. And animation. Prove invariants.
Need tools to prove thousands of changing propositions.
Validate the problem as a system in an environment not just the software.
Problem with not enough discrete mathematics in education.
Problem with technology transfer.
Link [ http://www.event-b.org ]

AbrilPlant07

Patricia S Abril & Robert Plant
The patent holder's dilemma: buy, sell, or troll?
Commun ACM V50n1(Jan 2007)pp37-44
=SURVEY PATENTS LEGAL INTELECTUAL PROPERTY
Complex business models involving trading, holding, and combining software patents -- and they don't all work.

Abualsamid01

Ahmad Abualsamid
PHP & Hosted Applications
Dr. Dobbs #320(Jan 2001)pp56+58+60-63
=ADVERT WWW/NET SERVER SCRIPTING LANGUAGE EXAMPLE
PHP has syntax like UNIX shell.

Aceto92

Luca Aceto
Action Refinements in Process Algebras
Cambridge University press 1992 ISBN 0-521-43111-5
=THEORY NONSEQUENTIAL MATHEMATICAL ALGEBRA
CR9312-0920(non-sequential for experts; distinguished thesis; poor printing "tractable notion of semantic equivalence of process algebras that do not equate parallelism with sequential nondeterminism and support operators for refining actions.")

Ackerman03

Jody Ackerman
Uniting with only a few random links
Newswise [ ?id=RANDOM.RPI ]
=ARTICLE NONSEQUENTIAL NET PARALLEL COMPUTATION
Use a small world network to keep processes synchronized with minimal overhead.
Regular communication with a few neighbors + a few connections with random distant processes.
Research by Korniss at Rensslaer (RPI)

AcunaJuristo04

Silvia T Acuna & Natalia Juristo
Assigning people to roles in software projects Software - Practice & Experience V34n7(Jun 2004)pp675-696 CR Nov2004
=EXPERIMENT PEOPLE PROCESS
Document person-role-capabilities relationship before seeking optimal assignments in a project.
Worked better than a random assignment!
Leads to [AcunaJuristo06]

AcunaJuristo05

S Acuna S & N Juristo (Eds)
Software process modeling
Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Secaucus, NJ, 2005. (the kluwer international series in software engineering) CR 0607-0694
=SURVEY =PAPERS PROCESS MODELLING MATHEMATICS PEOPLE UML MANAGEMENT JAD IMPROVEMENT CMM PSPS STIN SPEM
Reccommends focussing process research on the people in the process and the needs of the organization. [AcunaJuristo04] [AcunaJuristo06]

AcunaJuristoMoreno06

Silvia T Acuna & Natalia Juristo & Ana M Moreno
Emphasizing Human Capabilities in Software development
IEEE Software Magazine V23n2(Mar/Apr 2006)pp94-101
=EXPERIMENT PEOPLE Cattell 16PF ROLLS CF
Matching personality to role seems associated with fewer defects and higher productivity. [AcunaJuristo04].

ACM86

Editted by Robert L Ashenhurst & Susan Graham
ACM Turing Award Lectures: The First Twenty Years 1966-1985
ACM Press 1987 ( Addison-Wesley)
=HISTORY SURVEY PRIZE winners

ACMCALGO

Various
The ACM Collected Algorithms
Association for Computing Machinery 1960-
=HANDBOOK TECHNICAL

AdamicHuberman01

Lada A Adamic & Bernardo A Huberman
The Web's Hidden Order
Commun ACM V44n9(Sep 2001)pp55-59
=ANALYSIS NET/WEB WWW COMPLEXITY SMALL-WORLD POWER-LAW DYNAMIC MODEL ECONOMICS
power_law(β)::= Net{ for some constant c, frequency = c /(size**β). }.
WWW shows exponential growth.
number of pages per site, number of users, number of outlinks, and number of inlinks all have close to a 1/n**2 distribution.
This can be accounted for by two random growth models. stochastic rate of growth proportional to size. Either starting at different times, or with different growth rates.
Usage is an 80-20 phenomenon.
Implication: any site gets a few visitors each day, few get large numbers...
winner take all markets.
small worlds effect because some sites have lots of links. diameter between sites is about 4 clicks. between pages about18 clicks.

Adams91

Illustrated by Scott Adams
Build a better life by stealing office supplies: Dogbert's big book of business
Andrews & McMeel, Kansas City, Missouri, 1991, ISBN 0-8362-1757-8
=JOKE PEOPLE MANAGEMENT

Adams97

Scott Adams
Seven Years of Highly Defective People
Andrews McMeel Publishing, 1997, Kansas City, Missouri, ISBN 0-8362-3668-8
=JOKE PEOPLE cartoons on engineering, life, and mis-management

Adams96

Tom Adams
Total Variance Approach to Software Reliability Estimation
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-22n9(Sep 1996)pp687-688
=MATHEMATICS QUALITY TEST RELIABILITY
Operational Profiles do not admit that they are uncertain predictions and so reliability is underestimated

AdamsE84

E Adams
Optimizing preventive service of software products
IBM Research J., V28n1(?? 1984)pp2-14
=EMPIRICAL QUALITY vs RELIABILITY
Quoted by [FentonOhlsson00]

AdamsJ06

Joel C Adams
OOP and the Janus Principle
ITICSE ACM SIGCSE Bulletin V38n1(Mar 2006)pp359-363
=DEMO TEACHING PEDAGOGY JANUS OBJECT-ORIENTED MODULES MVC DAYTIME JAVA CSCI375
Janus::=following
The old Parnas rule:"Separate concerns". [Parnas72b]
Presents a modified MVC with View+Controller in one class plus separate Model class.
Nice example: Program to get and display current time from servers with multiple user interfaces: command line & menu-driven & GUI: [ http://www.calvin.edu/~adams/software/janus/ ]

AdcockEtAl07

Bruce Adcock & Paolo Bucci & Wayne D Heym & Joseph E Hollingsworth & Timothy Long
Which Pointer Errors do Students Make?
ACM SIGCSE Bulletin V39n1(Mar 2007) & proc SIGCSE'07 pp9-13
=ADVERT TOOL C++ Java PEDAGOGY
Proposes finite state models for pointers in C++ and in Java.
Java_pointer_model::=following
Table
Old\New Alive Null Out of scope
Alive * new NULL }
Null new NULL *X }
Out of scope 0 0 declare

(Close Table)
(X = unsafe)
C++Pointer_model::=following
Table
Old\New Alive Null Out of scope Dead
Alive * new Z NULL Z } Z delete ε
Null new NULL *X delete } 0
Out of scope 0 0 0 declare
Dead new NULL } * X delete X

(Close Table)
(Z=dangerous, X=unsafe, ε=spontaneous)

Old\New	Alive	Null	Out of scope
Alive	* new	NULL	}
Null	new	NULL *X	}
Out of scope	0	0	declare

Old\New	Alive	Null	Out of scope	Dead
Alive	* new Z	NULL Z	} Z	delete ε
Null	new	NULL *X delete	}	0
Out of scope	0	0	0	declare
Dead	new	NULL	}	* X delete X

Adhikari95a

Richard Adhikari
BringingMethodology to Client/Server Madness
Software Magazine (Mar 1995)pp35-49
=SURVEY METHODS WEB/NET
Fig p40: 13 different methods in use/planned to be used

Adhikari95b

Richard Adhikara
Code Recycling saves resources
Software magazine (July 1995)pp31-37
=EXPERIENCE TECHNICAL REUSE
6 experiences of technical (code) reuse technology paying off. Across several platforms & industries: mainly large projects. Some object-oriented but some were not. Example of a simulation have code componentes that were later reused for non-simulation.

Adler88

Mike Adler
An Algebra for DFD Process decomposition
IEEE trans on Soft Eng vSE-14n2(Feb 1988)pp169-183
=MATH ALGEBRA IO MATRICES DESIGN DFD TECHNICAL

AdlerR95

Richard M Adler<radler@tiac.net>
Emerging Standards for Component Software
IEEE Computer Magazine V28n3(Mar 1995)pp68-76
=STANDARDS CORBA OMG+ OLE COM+OpenDoc+DCE/RPC+SOM+...

Adolf96

W Stephen Adolph
Cash Cow in the Tar Pit: Reengineering a Legacy system
IEEE Software Magazine V13N3(May 1996)pp41-47
=EXPERIENCE REENGINEERING RISK SYSTEM 20 year old assembly language for obsolete computers
need to provide tools to aid the reading of the legacy code and capturing key algorithms
2 weeks training in Hatley/Pirbhai SAD and PC CASE lead to designs that had to be thrown away
key objective: no feature of legacy system to be "improved" unless it reduced the cost of implementing the new system. domain experts must train sosftwrae specialists
need to manage CASE tools.

Adolph99

Steve Adolph =?= W Stephen Adolph
Whatever Happened to Reuse?
Software Development Magazine V7n11(Nov 1999)pp40-43
=ESSAY REUSE vs salvage COST ECONOMICS short-term needs vs long term value

Adolph00

Steve Adolph
four-wheel drive, garbage trucks and objects
Software Development Magazine V8n6(Jun 2000)pp52-55
=ESSAY OBJECT-ORIENTED DESIGN MODULE MAINTENANCE REFACTORING
OO + expediency can encourage loss of cohesion and high coupling: blobs, mudballs, or garbage barges
example - add salaried employee to employee

Adolf00b

Steve Adolph
Getting Out of the Software Mud Pit
Software Development Magazine V8n12(Dec 2000)pp41-44
=HOWTO =HISTORY REFACTOR MAINTENANCE TECHNICAL QUALITY
Big balls of mud are messy but systematic refactoring can help.
refactor::=apply behavior-preserving transformations that improve code quality.
Refers to William Opdyke's 1992 Doctoral thesis "Refactoring Object-oriented Frameworks" U of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Example: Fixing Feature Envy. A piece of code in method in class A refers to several class B methods only. Therefore Replace-Code-Segment-With-Function-Call AKA Extract Method(110) an then Move-Member-Function AKA Move Method(142)

AgarwalREtal00

Ritu Agarwal & Prabuddha De & Atish P Singh & Mohan Tanniru
On the Usability of OO Representations
Commun ACM V43n10(Oct 2000)pp83-89
=EXPERIMENT FUNCTIONAL vs DATABASED MODELS of new SYSTEM POLL
Easiest to match type of model to the type of task.

AgarwalLago95

Rakesh Agarwal &Patricia Lago
PATHOS - A Paradigmatic Approach To High-level Object-oriented Software Development
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V20n2(Apr 1995)pp36-41
=ADVERT METHOD OBJECT-ORIENTED
1. confused
2. technical activities: find classes, find methods and behavior, define classes and methods
3. Technical control activities: logical design, detailed design
4. ...Early consideration of reuse and quality in design

AgarwalRahaGhosh00

Rakesh Agarwal & Arup Ratan & Raha Bhaskar Ghosh
Our experience and learning in ERP implementation
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering notes V25n2(Mar 2000)pp31-34
=EXPERIENCE MRP-II
gap_analysis:=comparing existing software behavior with the client budiness needs.
need tounderstand client's business
use informal discussion to gather data.

AgarwalSinha03

Ritu Agarwal & Atish P. Sinha (University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee )
Object-oriented modeling with UML: a study of developers' perceptions
Communications of the ACM V46n9 (Sep 2003)pp 248-256 Virtual extension Retrieved Sep 3rd 2003 from [ 903893.903944 ]
=EXPERIMENT NOVICES UML GRAPHICS use case state charts
p252: "both use case diagrams and state diagrams were perceived as being easier to use than class and interaction diagrams."
p253: "developers with more experience in OO analysis and design techniques perceived class diagrams and interaction diagrams as being easier to use than those with less experience."
p253: "greater experience in process-oriented analysis and design techniques resulted in more positive perceptions of the usability of UML diagrams, overall."
p253-4: use case document real world problems BUT how much detail?, Class diagrams notations are liked but defining operations is difficult. State diagrams are simple and easy but how to identify states?, Interaction diagrams provoke strong +ve and -ve comments. Use cases are the best.

Agha90

Gul Agha
Concurrent Object-oriented Programming
Commun ACM V33n9(Sep 1990)pp125-141
=DEMO GRAPHIC OBJECT_ORIENTED NONSEQUENTIAL DESIGN
Actor-Event diagrams History dependent

Aghaetal89

Gul Aghar & Peter Wegner & Akinori Yonezawa(Ed)
Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN Workshop on Object-Based Concurrent Programming
SIGPLAN Notes V24n4(Apr 1989)
=PROCEEDINGS DYNAMICS OBJECT-ORIENTED COROUTINES

Aghaetal93

Gul Agha & Peter Wegner & Akinori Yonezawa(Ed)
Research Directions in Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming
MIT Press Cambridge MA 1993 ISBN 0-262-01139-5 CR9502-0058
=PROCEEDINGS DYNAMICS OBJECT-ORIENTED COROUTINES

Agosta95

Louis Agosta
Comparative Review(CR9502-0058)
Computing Reviews V36n2(Feb 1995)pp88-93
=HISTORY OBJECT-ORIENTED METHODS Three waves of OO methods:

Agre95

Philip A Agre
My Top 10 Email Hassles
Commun ACM V38n7(Jul 1995)pp122
=ARTICLES RISKS EMAIL

AgrestiEvanco92

William W Agresti & William M Avanco
Projecting Software Defects From Analysing Ada Designs
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-18n11(Nov 1992) pp988-997
=EXPERIMENT METRIC
Evidence that "with" coupling is correlated with defect density.

AhoUllman7273

Aho & Ullman
The Theory of Parsing Translating & Compiling
2 Vols Prentice Hall International 1972 & 1973
=TEXTBOOK =REFERENCE SURVEY DDD TECHNICAL

AhujaCarrieroGelernter86

Sudhir Ahuja & Nicholas Carriero & David Gelernter
Lynda and Friends
IEEE Computer Magazine V19n8(Aug 1986)pp26-34
=ADVERT Lynda NONSEQUENTIAL

AielloEtAl07

Marco Aiello & Ian E Pratt-Hartman & Johan F van Bentham (Eds)
Handbook of spatial Logics
Springer Verlag NY Secaucus NJ 207 ISBN 1402055862 CR 0811-1045
=UNREAD =REFERENCE FORMAL MODAL LOGIC SPACE

AikenMuntzRichards94

Peter Aiken & Alice Muntz & Russ Richards
DoD Legacy Systems: Reverse Engineering Data Requirements
Comm ACM V37n5(May 1994)pp26-41
=EXPERIENCE REVERSE ENGINEERING DATA
1. LDM has 468 entities and 1994 data elements
  1993: LDM has 362 entities and 1318 data elements

AikenAllenParkerMattia07

Peter Aiken & M David Allen & Burt Parker & Angela Mattia
Measuring Data Managment Practice Maturity: A Community's Self-Assessment
IEEE Computer Magazine V40n4(Apr 2007)pp42-50
=MODEL +POLL DATA PROCESS MATURITY IMPROVEMENT CMMI
Proposes a CMMI-like measure of the maturity of data managment.
6 process areas: data program coordination, organizational data integration, data stewardship, data development, data support operations, and data asset use.
The usual 5 levels: 1=initial, 2=repeatable, 3=defined, 4=managed, 5=optimizing.
Questionaire with 20+ questions used intelephone interviews 2000-2005 with 107 companies.
Results: most process areas are at the repeatable level.

AichernigKainhofer04

Bernhard K. Aichernig & Reinhold Kainhofer Comments: Presented at LfM2000, published in the proceedings In C.Michael Holloway, editor, Lfm2000, Fifth NASA Langley Formal Methods Workshop, Williamsburg, Virginia, June 2000, number CP-2000-210100, pages 35-46. NA SA, June 2000
=DEMO VALIDATION VDM-SL Mathematica Hybrid SAFER graphic animation
Computer algebra systems can express VDM specifications and extend them to handle continuous(analog) components and behavior.

AissiMaluSrinivasan02

Selim Aissi & Pallavi Malu & Krishnamerthy Srinivasan
E-Business Process Modeling:The Next Big step
IEEE Computer Magazine V35n5(May 2002)pp55-62
=DEMO WEB/NET STANDARD WEB SERVICES XML
PCF::="Process Coordination Framework", groups standards for e-business.
PCF = security & ( service description and transaction binding end point description, public collaborative, private process; contracts and agreements).
WSDL::="Web service description Language". [ wsdl ] provides information needed to use a service over the web.
WSCL::="web services Conversation Language", [ http://www.w3.org/TR/wscl10/ ] defines conversations between service providers.
ebXML::= See http://www.ebxml.org/specs/ebBPSS.doc, UN and OASIS choreographs collaborations/transactions.
CPP::= See http://www.ebxml.org/specs/ebCPP.doc, Collaboration Protocol Profile.
WSFL::= See http:://www4.ibm.com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/WSFL.pdf, Web services Flow Language.
XLANG::http://www.gotdotnet.com/team/xml_wsspecs/xlang-c/default.htm, describes executable internal business processes.
BPML::= See http://ww.bpmi.org/bpml.esp, describes internal business processes using transactional finite state machines.

Akera07

Atsushi Akera
Edmund Berkeley and the Origins of ACM
Commun ACM V50n5(May 2007)pp31-35
=HISTORY 1940s ANALYSIS Study Contract
Need to sell managment on the use of computers to do paper-work. "Methods Analysis".

AlagarVenkatesan01

Sridhar Alagar & Subbarayan Venkatesan
Techniques to Tackle state explosion in a Global Predicate Detection
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V27n8(Aug 2001)pp704-714
=THEORY LOGIC MODEL CHECKING

AlanenPorres03

Marcus Alanen & Ivan Porres
Difference and Union of Models
LNCS 2863 <<UML>> 2003 -- The Unified Modeling Language, Oct 2003, pp2-17
=ALGORITHMS on MODEL VERSIONS UML MOF CMS
If + is merge and - is difference then union of M1 and M2 based on M0 is M0+(M1-M0)+(M2-M0)

Alavi86

Maryam Alavi
An Assessment of the Prototyping Approach to Information Systems Development
Comm ACM V27n6(Jun 1986)pp556-563
=EXPERIMENT PROTOTYPING REQUIREMENTS TOOLS
concludes PROTOTYPING needs expertise support TOOLS and control but handles unclear and ambiguous REQUIREMENTS

AlaviWetherbe91

Maryam Alavi & James C Wetherbe
Mixing Prototyping and Data Modeling for Information-System Design
IEEE Software V8n3 (May 1991)p86-91.
=ADVERT DATA PROTOTYPING

Albizuri-Romero00

Miren Begona Albizuri-Romero
A retrospective view of CASE tools adoption
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering notes V25n2(Mar 2000)pp46-51
=SURVEY pre1990 papers on STRUCTURED TOOLS

AlencarCowanLucenaNova95

Paulo S C Alencar & Donald D Cowan & Carlos J P Lucena & L C M Nova
Formal specification of Reusable Interface Objects [SamadzadehZand95] pp88-96
=DEMO ADV/ADO ADTs REUSE

Albrecht04

Conan C Albrecht
How Clean is the future of SOAP
Commun ACM V47n2(Feb 2004)pp66-68
=THEORY SOAP TCP port 80 HTTP XML SECURITY vs CONVENIENCE
SOAP::protocol="Simple Object Access Protocol", uses port 80 and HTTP to access objects + XML to encode operation and response.
content type: text/xml-SOAP.
Web server passes SOAP to routing engine and response back to caller.
Currently not filtered. Security problems would change this.

AlencarCowanLucena02

Paulo S C Alencar & Donald D Cowan & Carlos J P Lucena
A Logical Theory of Interfaces and Objects
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V28n6(Jun 2002)pp548-575
=THEORY FORMAL LOGIC CATEGORY OBJECTS INTERFACES ADV ADO
ADV::= "Abstract Design Views", interfaces.
ADO::= "Abstract Design Objects".
views_a::@(ADV, ADO).
cf [AlencarCowanLucenaNova95]

Alexander79

Chistopher Alexander
A Pattern Language
Oxford U Press UK 1979
=THEORY ARCHITECTURE Buildings, towns, regions.

Alexander00

Christopher Alexander
The Nature of Order
Book to be published in 2000
=THEORY
living structures generated smoothly by structure preserving unfoldings.
normal 20C construction can not do this!

Alexander92

Tom Alexander
How to Stop Fearing and Start Loving the Parallel Computer
NSF MOSAIC V23n1(spring 1992)pp2-11
=ARTICLE NONSEQUENTIAL TECHNICAL

AlexanderCoplien99

Christopher Alexander & James O Coplien(introduction)
The Origins of Pattern Theory
IEEE Software Magazine V16n5(Sep/Oct 1999)pp71-82
=SPEECH OOPSLA'96 PATTERN THEORY
patterns were generative( ala Chomski ), included a moral component, must lead to morphological coherence - a life promoting structure, a good environment
15 geometric properties underlying original patterns -> profundity
80..90%agreement for "Do you feel more whole/alive in the presence of this or that object?". Correlates with certain features/structures & profound functionallity!
centers:=field-like structures recursively underlying all wholeness& more or less living things. See [Alexander00]
Can/will software designers help people generate a life enhancing world?

AlexanderH88

Heather Alexander
Comments on "Formal Specification of User Interfaces: A comparison and Evaluation of Four Axiomatic Approaches"
IEEE Trans Soft Eng VSE-14n4(Apr 1988)pp438-439
=DEMO need SQA on Z SPECIFICATIONs as well as code

AlexanderH03

Ian Alexander
Misuse Cases: Use Cases with Hostile Intent
IEEE Software Magazine V20n1(Jan/Feb 2003)pp58-66
=IDEA NEGATIVE USECASES SCENARIO PURPOSES QUALITIES ANTI-STORIES
Need to promote use-cases while stopping misuse cases.
Normal relations: includes, has exception.
New relations: misuse threatens use, use mitigates misuse.

AlexanderKong01

Perry Alexander & Cindy Kong
Rosetta: Semantic Support for Model-Centered Systems-Level design
IEEE Computer Magazine V34n11(Nov 2001)pp64-70
=DEMO TOOL ROSETTA MODEL SYSTEM PROPERTIES Category outputs Matlab TESTS
Sidebar on p69 describes rivals: Adept, DEVS, Ptolemy, aspects, viewpoints, HyTech, SAL Kestrel, SpecWare
Able to define, compose, project and explore the interactions of models of different types.
facet := a special model within a domain of models. Facets are combined vertically(all true at one time) and horizontally )interacting components).
domains: continuous and discrete times, finite and infinite state systems and tests, .... mechanical, hydraulic, power constraints

AlexanderRobertson04

Ian Alexander & Suzanne Robertson
Understanding Project Sociology by Modeling Stakeholders.
IEEE Software Magazine V21n1(Jan/Feb 2004)pp23-27
=IDEA REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS STAKEHOLDERS Onion Model
Fig 3 p26: Large matrix of stakeholder types vs classes of knowledge.
Distinguishes 3 layers f stake holders centering on our product/the kit.
Many systems the role of users is split between the normal operator close to the product, and the functional beneficiary.
Onion.layers:=(our_product, our_system, containing_system, wider_environment).
our_system:={ normal_operator, maintenance_operator, ...}.
containing_system:={ functional_beneficiary, purchaser, interfacing_system,...}.
wider_environment:={political_beneficiary, financial_beneficiary, negative_stakeholder, regulator, developer, ...}

AlexanderRBiemanViega00

Roger T Alexander & James M Bieman & John Viega
Coping with Java Programming Stress
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n4(Apr 2000)pp30-38
=DEMO JAVA TECHNICAL traps
default/protected access easily broken
subclasses can steal methods called in superclass constructors
containers+no templates means ineffective type checking
extend only for subclassin/is-a
finalizers wai for garbage collection and may never happen
no const methods or assertions so document very carefully
avoid confusing (unlabelled) instance initialization blocks.

Alhir98

Sinan Si Alhir
UML in a Nutshell
O'Reilly, Cambridge, Mass, 1998 ISBN 1-56592-448-7
=REFERENCE to UML1.1 (OMG UML1.0) CR9908-0596
Comprehensive and with very few errors! Reference not readable.
Errata and comments on the UML on the WWW [ ~salhir ]

AllenA94

Arnold O Allen
Introduction to Computer Performance Analysis with Mathematica
CS&SciComp Acad Press 1994 ISBN 0-12-051070-7 Review p492 AMM May 1994
=TEXTBOOK with disk TECHNIQUE->QUALITY

AllenB94

Bradley P Allen
Case-Based Reasoning: Business Applications
Comm ACM V37n3(Mar 1994)(AI issue)pp40-44
=ARTICLE AI

AllenCD95

C Dennis Allen
Succeeding as a Clandestine Change Agent
Commun ACM V38n5(May 1995)pp81-86
=HISTORY USER PEOPLE SYSTEMS
The Water Torture Method
p82: "I discovered that automating a manual process can break the customer's work practice."

Allman90

Eric Allman
By the pricking of my thumbs(article)
UNIX Review V9n2(Feb 1991)pp66-69. History of FORTRAN and C
=HISTORY C FORTRAN LANGUAGES

Alonzo03

Omar Alonzo
Generating Text Search Applications for DataBases
IEEE Software Magazine V20n3(May/Jun 2003)pp98-105
=DEMO DOMAIN XML GENERATE Java Web/Net SQL TEXT SEARCH Oracle DARE-Web YASEC
XSLT less useful than DOM and SAX.

AlfaroHenzinger01

Luca de Alfaro & Thomas A Henzinger
Interface Automata
ACM SIGSOFT proc ESEC-8 FSE-9 Software Engineering Notes V26n5(Sep 2001)pp109-120
=THEORY SPECIFICATION MODULE FSM/AUTOMATA INTERFACE NONSEQUENTIAL

AlmeidaJrEtal03

Jorge Rady de Almeida Jr & Joao Batista Camargo Jr & Bruno Abrantes Basseto & Sergio Miranda Paz
Best Practices in Code Inspections for Safety-Critical Software
IEEE Software Magazine V20n3(May/Jun 2003)pp56-63
=EXPERIENCE RISKS QUALITIES SQA CODE INSPECTION
Developed a useful checklist of defect types to find unsafe code.
For example: Check that a constant has the same value in different modules even when in different languages!

AlmeringEtAl07

Vincent Almering & Michiel van Genuchten & Ger Cloudt & Peter J M Sonnemans
Using Software Reliability Growth Models in Practice
IEEE Software Magazine V24n6(Nov/Dec 2007)pp82-88
=EXPERIENCE 5 MODELS TVs
The models got better as more data was fitted.
λ(t) :=failure intensity function.
(GO): λ(t) =a*b*exp(-b*t).
(delayed S): λ(t) =a*b^2*t*exp(-b*t).
(log power): λ(t) = α*β*ln^(b-1)(1+t)/(1+t).
(log Poisson): λ(t) = λ[0] / (λ[0] * θ * t + 1).

Alsaadi04

Ahmad Alsaadi
A Performance analysis approach based on the UML Class diagram
WOSP'04 & ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V29n1(Jan 2004)pp254-260
=EXAMPLe PERFORMANCE NORMALIZATION UML
Can get speed by denormalizing physical data.
Very like SSADM physical design control.

AlshayebLi03

Mohammad Alshayeb & Wei Li
An Empirical Validation of Object-Oriented Metrics in Two Different Iterative Software Processes
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n11(Nov 2003)pp1043-1049
=EMPIRICAL Object-Oriented METRICS AGILE XP client-server stories vs JDK 1.[0-4] EVOLUTION PROCESSES JAVA EDITS
metrics={WMC, DIT, LCOM, NLM, CTA, CTM}.
analyses short-cycle vs long-cycle.
The metrics with multi-linear regression predict the amount of change (and effort) well in the later cycles of an XP process.
Not so useful in the JDK long-cycle evolution.
|-" prediction is impossible at the beginning of the " [XP] " process because there is very little substantive design structure in the system".
Idea: critical mass of classes needed to define metrics that predict XP effort.

AltendorfHohmanZabicki02

Eric Altendorf & Moses Hohman & Roman Zabicki
Using J2EE on a large, Web-Based Project
IEEE Software Magazine V19n2(Mar/Apr 2002)pp81-89
=EXPERIENCE WEB/NET MODULE COMPONENT JAVA J2EE

AlurDill94

R Alur & D L Dill
A Theory of Timed Automata
Theoretical Computer Science V126 pp183-235 1994
=THEORY AUTOMATA TIMING

AlurEtessamiYannakakis03

Rajeev Alur & Kousha Etessami & Mihallis Yannakakis
Inference of Massage Sequence Charts
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n7(Jul 2003)pp623-633
=THEORY MESSAGE SEQUENCE CHARTS MSC AUTOMATA FSM non-SEQUENTIAL
When do a set of MSCs describe a possible system with no surprising behaviors allowed?
MSC define partial orders on sequences of messages.
Realize as a set of parallel communicating FSM automata.
Communication between automata is not FIFO (data flow) but via Bags.
To get tractable algorithms must not consider sets of automata that can deadlock.

Aluretal93

R Alur & C Courcoubetis & D L Dill
Model checking in dense real time
Information and Computation V104 pp2-34(1993)
=DEMO TIMING MODEL

AlvarezDiazLlopisPimentalTroya04

J M Alvarez & M Diaz & L Llopis & E Pimental & J M Troya
An Object-Oriented methodology for embedded real-time systems
Computer Journal V46n2( 2003)pp121-145
=EXAMPLE Object-Oriented TIMING RMA SDL UML OOM-ERT

AmblerBurnett89

Alan L Ambler & Margaret M Burnett
Influence of Visual Technology on the Evolution of Language Environments
IEEE Computer v22 n10 (Oct 1989)pp9-22
=HISTORY GRAPHIC LANGUAGE

Ambleretal92

Alan L Ambler & Margaret M Burnett & Betsy A Zimmerman
Operational Versus Definitional: A Perspective on Programming Paradigms
IEEE Computer v25n9(Sep 1992)pp28-43
=DEFINITION TECHNICAL LANGUAGES

AmblerS95

Scott Ambler
Reduce Development Costs with Use-Case Scenario Testing
Software Development Magazine(Jul 1995)pp 53-61
=DEMO USE-CASE SCENARIO TEST

AmblerS95a

Scott Ambler
Mapping Objects to Relational Databases
Software Development Magazine(Oct 1995)pp63+64+67+68+70+72+letter(Jan 1996)p13
=DEMO DATA ERDs OBJECT-ORIENTED
reply to letter "why no OODBMS": (1) security (2)no track record (3) no efficient support for SQL/reporting tools (3) one thing at a time

AmblerS96

Scott Ambler
An Ounce of Prevention: Class Type Architectures
Software Development Magazine(Mar 1996)pp 40??45-61
=DEMO WWW/NET ARCHITECTURE OBJECTs DATA MVC PERSISTENCE TECHNICAL SYSTEM INFORMATION HIDING
Compare with UML Boundary vs Control vs Entity
1. 0. No connection
2. 1. restricted flow
3. 2. Feedback: callbacks, dispatched objects
4. OOCRUD=OO create read update delete.
  system & persistence: wrap well defined technical features, so mostly code and debug
  Business: analysis, understand first
  Interface: prototyping... coding trivial


User	X	0	0	0
X	Interface	1	0	rare
0	0	0	Business	OOCRUD	some
0	0	0	0	Persistence	often
0	2	2	2	2	System

AmblerS96a

Scott Ambler
Object-Relational Mapping
Software Development Magazine V4n10(Oct 1996)pp47-50
=DEMO DATA OBJECT-ORIENTED
wrap db; encapsulate;classes drive data; obj IDs as keys only; joins of keys only; arbitrary obj keys; use a data dictionary; do not map to a legacy data base(unless it is in 3NF)

AmblerS97a

Scott Ambler
Normalizing Classes
Software Development V5n4(Apr 1997)pp69-72
=DEMO DATA OBJECT-ORIENTED
increasing cohesion and coupling by redesign but result is not in even 1NF in Codd terms.
Adds a repeating group of enrollments to seminar.
Better: Seminar<-<Enrollment>->Student and new Enrollment(seminar student) handles enrollments responsibillities for connecting seminars and students.
Note: ends up with SSADM composite logical design!

AmblerS97b

Scott Ambler
Implementing Pick Lists of Object
Software Development Magazine V5n6(Jun 1997)pp73-76
=DEMO USER DATA Flyweight?
ways to handle stable identified/enumerated objects without involving overheads of persistent storage. Example: The days of the week and the states in the USA. Class stores data on all instances and is different for each subclass.

AmblerS97c

Scott Ambler
The State Diagram
Software Development Magazine V5n5(May 1997)pp83-88
=DEMO STD/FSM GRAPHIC
accidentally illustrates RISKS of STDs by showing STD that allows an overdrawn account to become nonoverdrawn when a query is made and vice versa. Also requires a single deposit to finish overdrawn status.

AmblerS97d

Scott Ambler
The Various Uses for Use Cases
Software Development magazine V5n11(Nov 1997)pp69-71
SCENARIOS glossary(p70) <<uses>> <extends>>

AmblerS98

Scott Ambler
Evolving Class Diagrams
Software Development Magazine V6n5(May 1998)pp69-72
=DEMO LIFECYCLE OOA/OOD UML
need three linked class diagrams (1) behavior and names of business objects; (2) normalized data and design patterns; (3)implementation using Gang-of-four patterns

AmblerS99

Scott Ambler
Engineering Object-Oriented Requirements
Software Development Magazines V7n3(Mar 1999)pp55-56+58
=SURVEY of MODELs
CRC+User Interface+Use-Case+Business Rules+Activity+Deployment+Supplementary
Also: Interface-Flow++Physical Data+Sequence+Collaboration+State Chart+Technical

AmblerS99b

Scott Ambler
Architecting for Change
Software Development Magazine V7n5(May 1999)pp56-58
=DEMO DOCUMENTATION UML EVOLUTION
defines the <<Change Case>> stereotype to describe new potential requirements and modifications to existing requirements.

AmblerS99c

Scott Ambler
Distributed Object Design
Software Development Magazine V7n6(Jun 1999)pp34-36+38-40
=DEMO DOCUMENTATION UML WEB/NET
9_steps::=(add_non_business_classes; contracts; simplify; collobating_clusters; contracts; simplify_interfaces; map_onto_physical)

AmblerS99d

Scott Ambler
Persistence Modeling in the UML
Software Development Magazine V7n8(Aug 1999)pp54-57
=ADVERT proposal for DOCUMENTATION UML profile DATA MODEL
stereotypes include table, entity, view, primary index, secondary index, candidate key, oid, trigger
Why doesn't he use Qualifiers to indicate keys and indexes?

AmblerS99e

Scott W Ambler
Enterprise-Ready Object IDs
Software Development Magazine V7n12(Dec1999)pp56-57
=IDEA PERFORMANCE OBJECT-ORIENTED DISTRIBUTED TECHNICAL
HIGH-LOW Strategy: server allocates contiguous groups of IDs to processes that create persistent objects by sending high-order bits to processes while process assign low-order bits.
Letter: V8n2(Feb 2000)p12 from Jeff Senn corrects misunderstanding caused by Ambler looking at non-compliant code. Standard UUID (MS GUID) works at least as well.

AmblerS99f

Scott W Ambler
More process patterns: delivering large-scale systems using object technology
Cambridge U Press NY NY 1999 ISBN 0-521-65262-6
=HANDBOOK UML RUP PROCESS PATTERNS

AmblerS00

Scott W Ambler
new year's resolutions
Software Development Magazine V7n1 (Jan 2000)pp50-51
=ESSAY ETHICS
no harm, reuse, requirements, model, justifiable, no mantras, multiple views, more than performance, respect&work with users, realistic plans, communication skills, habitual learning, test everything, document everything, more to software than tech..

AmblerS00b

Scott W Ambler
Reuse Patterns and Antipatterns
Software Development V8n2(Feb 2000)pp26-27
=SURVEY tabulates and evaluates various EXPERIENCE REUSE PROCESS PATTERNS

AmblerS00c

Scott W Ambler
Crossing the Object-Data Divide: Parts 1 and 2
Software Development Magazine V8n3(Nov/Dec 2000)pp69-70 and V8n4(Apr 2000)pp66-69
=ESSAY PEOPLE OBJECT vs DATA

Ambler00d

Scott W Amber
The Unified Process Elaboration Phase
R&D Books 2000
=TEXTBOOK RUP

Ambler00e

Scott W Amber
Requirements Engineering Patterns
Software Development Magazine V8n5(May 2000)pp58-60
=ADVERT [Ambler00d]
Requirements first, Requirements as a stick, Requirements as a shield.

Ambler00f

Scott W Ambler
Enterprise JavaBean Persistence 101
Software Development Magazine V8n8(Aug 2000)pp51-52+54
=ADVERT TECHNICAL JAVA DATA PATTERN EJB
see [Pour00] [Larman00]
primary key is an object (with id and methods etc not just data) that identifies complete object.

Ambler00g

Scott Ambler
XML in the real world
Software Development Magazine V8n9(Sep 2000)pp59-60+62
=IDEA XML XSL SOAP SEMANTICS
Lack of semantics will be a problem. Needs experience and process to design DTDs.

Ambler00h

Scott Ambler
Enterprise Java-Bean Persistence 201
Software Development Magazine V8n9(Oct 2000)pp53-55
=TUTORIAL EJB 2.0 OBJECTS DATA

Ambler00i

Scott W Ambler
Extreme Modeling
Software Development Magazine V8n11(Nov 2000)pp61-62+64
=IDEA MODEL artefacts
p64. sidebar of XP resorces.

Ambler00j

Scott W Ambler
Reuse Through Internal Open Source
Software Development Magazine V8n12(Dec 2000)pp57+59
=ADVERT Osage =HOWTO
Resources [ http://www.opensource.org ] [ http://www.collab.net ] [ http://sourceforge.net ]
Osage::= See http://osage.opensource.org.
Internal open source focus on encouraging programmers to simply cooperate on producing high quality shared modules with minimal process but careful over-sight.

Ambler01a

scott W Ambler
Object Concurrency Control 101
Software Development Magazine V9n1(Jan 2001)pp57-58
=TUTORIAL SIMPLE NONSEQUENTIAL OBJECT DATA
None | optimistic | pessimistic.
pessimstic locks data. optimistic marks it to find out if another process has updated the data. collison resolution.

Ambler01b

Scott W Ambler
Designing Web-Based User Interfaces
Software Development Magazine V9n3(Mar 2001)pp61-63
=HOWTO WWW/NET USER COLOR LAYOUT HTML FORM
"Functional not flashy!"
Indicate what must be done, and what is optional on a form.

Ambler01c

Scott W Ambler
Debunking Modeling Myths
Software Development Magazine V9n8(Aug 2001)pp51-53 + letters V9n9(Sep 2001)p12
=ESSAY MODELING
Models are not documentation.
You can't think everything thru first.
Modeling can be light/agile
You don't have to freeze requirements.
Designs don't have to be cast in stone.
You don't need a CASE tool. Simple low tech do most models.
Modeling can improve productivity.
Models don't all revolve around data.
It takes time to learn how to model.

Ambler01d

Scott W Ambler
The Secret Life of Systems Operations
Software Development Magazine V9n10(Oct 2001)pp49-51
=REMINDER SYSTEM ADMIN

Ambler02

Scott Ambler
Easy Does it
Software Development Magazine V10n3(Mar 2002)pp53-55
=EXPERIENCE MODEL AGILE
Use the simplest tool.
Example: Develop on white board; take a digital snapshot, pass through image improving software through to OCR!
Whiteboard_Photo::gadget= See http://www.pixid.com.

Ambler02b

Scott W Ambler
Tools and Evidence
Software Development Magazine V10n5(May 2002)pp65-66
=IDEA AGILE MODEL CODE DOCUMENTATION LIFECYCLE UML
Need to rapidly record ideas. and some ideas need to be preserved.
Has a class diagram: source code contains comments that are a type of documentation. source code is modeled by models. Some models are in documents. Documents are a type of documentation.
Has a state chart showing the transitions between Ideas(I), temporary models(T), and permanent models(P) : Start--->I--abandon->end, I--model-->T--keep->P--discard->end, T--update->T, P--update->P, P--version->P, T--discard->end, P--make temporary->T.

Ambler02c

Scott W Ambler
Lessons in Agility from Internet-Based development
IEEE Software Magazine V19n2(Mar/Apr 2002)pp66-73
=EXPERIENCE AGILE MODEL WEB/NET PROCESS UML RUP HTML PEOPLE
Comparison of two companies. Finding the right amount of documentation and the right kind of model for a particular situation.
Tabulates principles and where they fitted experience. Lessons
2. People matter.
3. You don't need as much documentation as you think.
4. Communication is critical.
5. Modeling tools are not as useful as you think.
6. You need a wide variety of intellectual models.
7. Big up-front design was not needed.
8. Reuse the wheel. Don't reinvent it.

Ambler02d

Scott W Ambler
The Fragile Manifesto
Software Development Magazine V10n8(Aug 2002)pp50-51
=JOKE AGILE PROCESSES PEOPLE DOCUMENTATION USER TEAM
Ironic and twisted summary of [Ambler02c]

Ambler03

Scott W Ambler
Ten Steps to a Robust DB
Software Development Magazine V11n2(Feb 2003)pp42-43
=EXAMPLE DATA ERD EVOLUTION REFACTORING UML
Process:=verify need; choose best; data cleansing; write unit tests; deprecate old schema; implement change; update DBMS scripts; run tests; document; version control.
See list of ways to refactor a data base (like Replace Column,...) [ catalog.html ]
Example of UML documentation of changes({removal date=...} and <<trigger>>s

Ambler03b

Scott W Ambler
Agility 2013
Software Development Magazine V11n4(Apr 2003)pp46-47
=FORECAST AGILE XP CRAFT SKETCHES VISUAL IDEs COBOL

AmblerS04

Scott W Ambler
Agile Database Techniques: Effective Strategies for the Agile Software Developer
John Wiley & Sons 2004 ISBN 0-471-20283-5
=UNREAD AGILE DATA
Basis on the web at [ http://www.agiledata.org/ ]
(dick)|-how long does it take to add a new data item to an entity in a large existing database?

AmblerS04a

Scott W Ambler
Are Your Models Normal?
Software Development Magazine, Agile Modelling Newsletter (Dec 2004)
=IDEA DOCUMENTATION MODEL NORMALIZATION DRY
"record information as few times as possible, ideally only once."
artifact:="any item created during a software development project including code, model, document, plan, etc".
artifact_normalization::="placing information about systems in the best single artifact".
Generate views. Cross reference, links, and inclusions.
DITA::="Darwin Information Typing Architecture", XML based technical documentation, Parallel to single_sourced technical documentation, normalized data bases, and coherent modularization.
(dick)|-"Are there cross cutting concerns? Compare with Aspect oriented programming".
(dick)|- (meta-data): "Documentation is data about a system and should be treated as data".
Compare with POLL [LethbridgeSingerForward03]

Ambler03

Scott Ambler
Agile database techniques: effective strategies for the agile software developer
John Wiley NY NY 2003 ISBN 0471202835 CR 0502-0163
=HOWTO AGILE DATA REFACTOR NORMALIZE Object-Oriented
From [Amblers04] and [Amblers03]

Ambler05

Scott W Ambler
The Elements of UML2.0 Style
Cambridge UP 2005
=ADVERT UML AGILE STYLE
Nice book but Not always standard and sometimes apposed by standard

Ambler07

Scott Ambler
Calculating Documentation Cruft
Dr. Dobb's Agile Newsletter (27 Jul 2007)
=IDEA DOCUMENTATION METRIC CRUFT
CRUFT::percent= 100 - C * R * U * F * T where
- C:=The percentage of the document that is correct,
- R:=The chance that the document will read by the intended audience,
- U:=The percentage of the document that will be understood,
- F:=The chance that the material contained in the document will be followed,
- T:=The chance that the document will be trusted.
(dick)|-perhaps we could use Shannon Communication Theory to measure the capacity, equivocation, etc of a document in bits?

AmbriolaNotkin88

V ambriola & D Notkin
Reasoning About Interactive Systems
IEEE Trans Softw Eng SE-V14n2(Feb 1988)pp272-276
=THEORY LOGIC PROOF formal non-sequential

AmericaRutten91

P H M America & J J M M Rutten
A Parallel Object-Oriented Language: Design and Semantic Foundations
CWI(Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica) Tract V81 Centre for mathematics & computer science Amsterdam the Netherlands(Stichting Mathematisch Centrum) 1991
ISBN 90-6196-402-4 CR9310-0751 QA3.A583 no.81
=ADVERT LANGUAGE POOL
cf Frits W Vaandrager in [Baetan90]

Amsterdam02

Jonathon Amsterdam
Java's new Considered Harmful
Dr. Dobbs #335(Apr 2002)pp19-20+22+24+26
=PATTERNS creational JAVA factory methods and objects

AnandalingamLucas05

G Anandalingam & Henry C Lucas Jr
The Winners Curse in High Tech
IEEE Computer Magazine V38n3(Mar 2005)pp96-97
=ADVERT BOOK HISTORY TECHNOLOGY ECONOMICS
Companies often bid too much for a technology and get burned.
Advertyises OUP 2004 book "Beware the Winner's Curse: Victories that can sink you and your company".

AndasSjoberg05

Bente Anda & Dag I Sjoberg
Investigating the role of use cases in the construction of class diagrams
Empirical Software Engineering V10n3(Jul 2005)pp285-309 CR 0807-0688
=EXPERIMENT HOWTO DESIGN CLASS DIAGRAM USE CASE DOMAIN MODEL UML TOOLS Rose Tau
Experimented with students and then with professionals.
Compares two methods for going from usecases to design class diagrams: derivations vs validation.
derivation:= use_case_text->domain_model; sequence_diagrams; design_class_diagram.
validation:= use_case_text-> initial_class_diagram; sequence_diagrams; do( validate; extend).
Measured time, completeness, and quality (coupling and cohesion).
Tools didn't add to diagram quality with either students or professionals.
Tools slowed down students but not professionals.
Students got more complete design classes using validation rather than derivation.
Students got better quality designs with the derivation method.
Professionals -- no significant differences found.

AndaSjobergMockus09

Bente C D Anda & Dag I K Sjoberg & Audris Mockus
variability and reproducibility in software engineering: a study of four companies that developed the same system
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V35n3(May/Jun 2009)pp407-429
=EXPERIMENT COMPARISON QUALITIES OUTSOURCED USER CODE MAINTENANCE RELIABILITY COST ESTIMATES TIME PROCESS
Sent out call for bids -- 34 responses, 4 selected -- to develop a web application in Scandinavia. Prices range from 2k Euros to 70k Euros!
Many variables, no trustworthy hypotheses to test. Exploration.
Concluded that only the usability was similar between 4 competing projects. The reliability, time to produce, size, and maintainability all varied between companies. There was evidence of a trade off between price and quality.

Anderson94

Bruce Anderson<bruce@essex.ac.uk>
OOPSLA'93 Workshop Report Patterns: Building Blocks for Object-Oriented Architectures(27th sept 1993)
ACM SIGSOFT Software Eng Notes V19n1(Jan 1994)pp47-49 [Alexander79]
=DEMO PATTERN Ticked Objects [Anderson94] [Johnson94] [Lea94]

Anderson95

Bruce Anderson<bruce@essex.ac.uk>
OOPSLA'94 Workshop Report Patterns: Building Organisational Competence in Software Architecture

Anderson99

Ross J Anderson
The Formal Verification of a Payment System
In [HincheyBowen99] pp43-52
=EXPERIENCE LOGIC BAN VERIFYING PROTOCOL BANKING PAYMENT SMARTCARD
Used BAN_logic with new rule:
If A believes that A and B share key K and A sees the K encrypts X then A will believe that B used K.
Colored proof covering several white boards.
System successful for several years with problems.
Concludes the it better to have a simple logic with few rules and no tool than a complex (buggy?) logic with a tool.

AndersonFleekGarityDrake01

Jean Anderson & Francis Fleek & Kathi Garity & Fred Drake
Integrating Usability Techniques into Software Development
IEEE Software Magazine V18n1(Jan/Feb 2000)pp46-53
=EXPERIENCE SIEMENS HEALTH USER PEOPLE RUP workflow iteration
Early user improves quality and eliminates rework.
Organizational and cultural change is the important challenge. [ConstantineLockwood99]

Andersonetal96

Richard J Anderson & Paul Beame & Steve Burns & William Chaan & Francesmary Modugno & David Notkin & Jon D Reese
Model Checking Large Software Specifications
Proc 4th ACM SIGSOFT 1996 Symp on the Foundns of Software Eng: ACM SIGSEN V21n6(Nov 1996)pp156-166
=DEMO V&V SPECIFICATIONS TOOL use Binary Decision Diagrams(BDDs) 200Mgbs!

AndersonGouda91

James H Anderson & Mohamed G Gouda
A new explanation of the glitch phenomena
Acta Informatica V28f4(Apr 1991)pp287-310
=THEORY NONSEQUENTIAL all arbiters have both infinite delays and multiple changes in the values of outputs.

AndersonHansenLowrySummers06

Bonnie Brinton Anderson & James V Hansen & Paul Benjamin Lowry & Scott L Summers
The application of model checking for secure E-commerce transactions
Commun ACM V49n6(Jun 2006)pp97-101
=EXAMPLE V&V ECOMMERCE PROTOCOLS MODEL CHECKING RISKS
Given the complexity of ECommerce systems and protocols plus the risks of failure, the protocols should be checked prior to implementation.

AndersonRepsTeitelbaum03

Paul Anderson & Thomas Reps & Tim Teitelbaum
Design and implementation of a fine-grained software inspection tool
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n8(Aug 2003)pp721-733
=ADVERT V&V CODE INSPECTION C TOOL CodeSurfer(TM) TECHNICAL SLICES CHOPS HYPERTEXT VIEWS

AndersonShapiro89

RH Anderson & NZ Shapiro
Beyond User Friendly: Easy To...
EDUCOM Review v24 n3(Fall 1989) p50-54
=ESSAY USER

AnderssonGreenspunGrumet06

Eve Andersson & Philip Greenspun & Andrew Grumet
Software Engineering for Internet Applications
MIT Press Cambridge MA 2006 ISBN 0262511916 CR 0712-1164

AnderssonRuneson07

Carina Andersson & Per Runeson
A replicated quantitative analysis of Fault distributions is complex software systems
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V33n5(May 2007)pp273-286
=EXPERIENCES ANALYSIS SIZE MODULES RELIABILITY
Repeats [FentonOhlsson00].
Few modules contain most faults - pre & post release.
Fault densities are similar in similar environments.

Andexer01

Jens Andexer
Design Guidelines and Documentation Paradigms for Object Oriented Programs
SERG Report 397 (Sep 2001)P422,, McMasters [ serg.publications.html ]
=SURVEY EVOLUTION OBJECT_ORIENTED

AndleighGretzinger92

Prabhat K Andleigh & Michael R Gretzinger
Distributed Object-oriented Data-systems Design
Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs NJ 1992 ISBN 0-13-174913-7 CR9309-0658
=SURVEY METHODS OBEJCT-ORIENTED DATA DESIGN
Review: Frame-object analysis combines features of earlier systems analysis methods with the newer object-oriented concepts. survey 5 well known (but not Coad)...

Andreetal81

Andre & Banatre & Routeau
A Multi-processing Approach to Compile-Time Symbol Resolution
ACM TOPLAS v3n1(Jan 1981)pp11-23
=DEMO DDD Clash

Andrews93

James H Andrews
Logic Programming: Operational Semantics & Proof Theory
Cambridge University Press NY NY 1993 ISBN 0-521-43219-7 CR9503-0142
=THEORY LANGUAGES

AndrewsP03

Pater B Andrews
Introduction to Mathematical Logic and Type Theory: to truth through proof
Kluwer Acad Pub Norwell MA 2002 ISBN 1402007639 CR 0305-0427
=THEORY LOGIC TYPES LAMBDA PEANO

AndrewsLeventhal93

Dorine C Andrews & Namoi S Leventhal
FUSION: Integrating IE, CASE and JAD: a handbook for reengineering the systems organisation
Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs NJ 1993 ISBN 0-13-325333-3 CR9308-0568
=HANDBOOK CASE USER

AndrewsZhang03

James Andrews & Yinqjun Zhang
General Test Result Checking with Log File Analysis
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n7(Jul 2003)pp634-648
=EXPERIMENT RANDOM TESTING LOG TIMED FSM LFA lift language LFAL Prolog dictionary ADT
SUT::="Software Under Test".
LFA::="Log file analysis"..

Andriole94

Steve Andriole
Fast Cheap Requirements: Prototype or Else
IEEE Software magazine v11n2(Mar 1994)pp85-87
=ADVERT PROTOTYPE REQUIREMENTs

Andriole95

Stephen J Andriole(CIGNA)
Debatable Developent: What should we believe?
IEEE Software Magazine V12n4(Jun 1995)pp13-18
=ESSAY THEORY vs PRACTICE METHODS
p13: "There is an enormous disconnection between what academicians and consultants think will revolutionize development and what actually works in the trenches. We have much to learn about what really works
what works a little
and what does not work at all." [AndrioleMonsanto95]

AndrioleMonsanto95

Stephen J Andriole(<andriole@cigna.e-mail.com> & Charlton A Monsanto<mnsanca@duvm.ocs.drexel.edu>
Interactive Collaborative Requirements Management
Software Development(Sep 1995)pp35-40
=DEMO Do-It-Yourself TOOL REQUIREMENTS VISUALBASIC
Requirements: Its easier and cheaper to use a set of simple tools and templates (flowcharters databases ... prototypers) under the control of a Visual Basic workbench than even Integrated CASE tools

Anguela09

Andrew Anguelo
Software Methodology Wars (Viewpoint)
IEEE Computer Society Career Watch Mailing list (Mar 2009) [ vp4 ]
=ESSAY PROCES METHODS DEVELOPMENT vs ENGINEERING ONE-SIZE ECONOMICS SHORT-TERM vs LONG_TERM
Quote
Net
(End of Net)
(dick)|-Ignores the claim that refactoring software can maintain the quality of software.

Anon(HOS)84

Product brochure
Building Systems with USE.IT
Higher Order Software Inc. 1984 (2067 Massuchusetts Ave Cambridges MA 02140)
=ADVERT TOOL METHOD

Anon90

Anonymous but verified letter
IEEE Software Magazine V7n1(Mar 1990)p4
=LETTER whistleblowing engineering RISKS

ANSI/IEEE87

IEEE Computer Society
ANSI/IEEE Software Engineering Standards
IEEE/John Wiley 1987
=STANDARD lifecycle Technical

ANSI/IEEE90

IEEE Computer Society
IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Engineering Terminology(ANSI/IEEE Std. 610.12-1990)
IEEE Piscataway NJ
=STANDARD GLOSSARY
software_engineering::="The application of systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation and maintenance of software; that is the application of engineering to software."

ANSI83ADA

ANSI
American National Standard for the programming language ADA
Washington DC Jan/Feb 1983
=STANDARD Ada LRM LANGUAGE

AntonPotts03

Annie I Anton & Colin Potts
Functional Paleontology: The evolution of User-Visible System services
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n2(Feb 2003)pp151-166
=EMPIRICAL HISTORY PURPOSE QUALITY REALITY EVOLUTION 50-years domestic telephones
Lehman's theory of E-systems that co-evolve with there environment implies that understanding environment change should proceed architectural design.
Systems vs services. Systems provide both benefits and burdens. A dialectic process.
Functional_Morphology::=profile of benefits and burdens at a given point.
Analyzed 1950-1999 adverts in Atlanta Telephone directories.
Evidence of punctuated evolution, expansion followed by retrenchment, growth from core outward, caller benefits first, object-level precedes meta-level.

AntoniolCanforaCasazzaLuciaMerlo02

Giuliano Antoniol & Gerardo Canfora & Gerardo Casazza & Andrea De Lucia & Ettore Merlo
Recovering Traceability Links between Code and Documentation
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V28n10(Oct 2002)pp970-983
=CASESTUDY IR PROBABILITY VECTOR-SPACE TRACEABILITY LIFE-CYCLE
2 methods: one uses Bayes and frequencies. the other a vector space with distance/similarity formula/metric.
Both are better than grep. Both can achieve 100% recall of all relevant.
Probability based figures help teams trace code back to documentation.
Probability gets better when 100% recall is needed.. Vector calculations are easier.

AntoniolEtal04

Giulano Antoniol & Aniello Cimitile & Guisepe A Di Lucca & Massimliano Di Penta
Assessing Staffing Needs for a Software Maintenance Project through Queuing simulation
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V30n1(Jan 2004)pp43-58
=EXPERIENCE PROCESS ESTIMATION QUEUES SIMULATION EVOLUTION PEOPLE COBOL/JCL Y2K QUEUEING THEORY
Assumed that Brooks law did not hold for Y2K. Future: conversion to euro, new euro-phone numbers.
QUEUE:Stochastic_System=Net{ interarrival, service:Distribution, number_of_servers:Nat=1, capacity:Nat=oo, discipline:Discipline=FIFO}.
Distribution:={Markovian, Deterministic, Erlang[k], General}.
Erlang[1]:=exponential.
Case study used QUEUE(M,G,m) model.
Lessons earned: simulating queuing models helped predict staffing needs and do what-ifs for team size and rework rates.
But need daily figures (not weekly!).
Not steady state: start up and close down phase are 30%of whole.
Queuing simulation tends to overestimate needs and so minimizes risk of over run.

AntoniolGueheneuc06

Giuliano Antoniol & Yann-Gael Gueheneuc
Feature Identification: an epidemiological metaphor
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V32n9(Sep 2006)pp625-641
=DEMO MAINTENANCE TECHNICALREVERSE ENGINEERING TOOL CODE MODULE ANALYSIS
A way to find out, by executing software the parts used to implement a feature.

Antoniou99

Grigoris Antoniou
A Tutorial on Default Logics
ACM ACM Computing Surveys V31n4(Dec 1999) pp337-359 CR0006-0401
=TUTORIAL FORMAL LOGIC DEFAULT INFERENCE EXCEPTIONS
default :=if Prereq : Justifications then Consequent, if Prereq then Consequent unless Justifications is known to be false where no free variables in parts.
default schema has free variables - stands for all substitutions.
normal: if P : J then J
closed world : if true : not A then not A
Not just inferences but also extensions of sets known facts by applying defaults that don't lead to contradictions

AntoyGannon94

Sergio Antoy & John Gannon
Using Term Rewriting to Verify Software
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-20n4(Apr 1994)pp259-274
=THEORY MATHEMATICAL PROOF PROGRAM
1. p263: Ada - lack of means to annotate and verify semantic properties of elements in a package. Uaing the idea of a monoid of program functions.
2. p264: Specifying a C++ class by relationships between its operations member functions) and showing their completeness.
3. p265: Definition of subtyping (cf Liskov) includes annotated properties... but no representation function. TermRewritingSystems, Confluence Church-Rosser. Termination/Noetherian. Both gives cannonical or convergent or complete TRS. (see Wechler 1992) Ask specifiers to specs as a cannonical TRS.
4. hence overspecification(superposition algorithm Leavens 1991)and underspecification(another algorithm...)
5. pp266..267:Cannot compute confluence and termination. Hence strategies for ensuring them.
6. pp267..: Proving theorems: difficult, neeed tool to help.
7. p271 problems with module interconnections...

AntoyHamlet00

Sergio Antoy & Dick Hamlet
Automatically checking an implementation against its Formal Specification
IEEE Trans Software Eng V26n1(Jan 2000)pp55-69
=DEMO THEORY TEST SQA EXPERIMENT JAVA

Aoyama93

Mikio Aoyama (Fujitsu)<mikio@miki.nakahara.fujitsu.co.jp>
Concurrent-Development Process Model
IEEE Software Magazine (May 1993)pp48-55
=EXPERIENCE management maturity non-sequential YAC(Aoyamaetal89) becomes YPL

Aoyamaetal89

Mikio Aoyama & K Miyamoto & N Murakama & H Nagano & Y Oki
Design Specification in Japan: Tree Structured Charts
IEEE Software Magazine v6n2(Mar 1989)pp31-37
=ADVERT graphic YAC

ApelLeachSaake08

Sven Apel & Thomas Leach & Gunter Saake
Aspectual Feature Modules
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V34n2(Mar/Apr 2008)pp162-180
=DEMO FEATURES FOP + ASPECTS AOP ITERATION PRODUCT LINES AFM
AFM::="Aspectual Feature Module", combines iterative Feature Oriented Programming (FOP) with Aspect Oriented Programming(AOP).

AppelbeAbowd95

Bill Appelbe <bill@cc.gatech.edu> & Gregory Abowd<abowd@cc.gatech.edu>
Beyond Objects: A Response
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V20n3(Jul 1995)pp
=ESSAY

Apt88

Krzysztof R Apt
Proving Correctness of Concurrent Programs: A Quick Introduction
Chapter 7 (pp305-345) of Borger88
=THEORY NONSEQUENTIAL CORRECTNESS PROOF

Aptetal80

Krzysztof R Apt & Francez & De Roever
A Proof System for Communicating Sequential Processes
ACM TOPLAS V2n3(Jul 1980)pp359-385
=THEORY LOGIC CSP formal

ApvrilleEtal04

Ludovic Apvrille & Jean-PIere Courtat & Christophe Lohr & Pierre de Saqui-Sannes
TURTLE: A Real-Time UML Profile Supported by a Formal Validation Tool
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V30n7(Jul 2004)pp473-487
=TYPE REALTIME MODEL V&V UML1.5 PROFILE TCLASSES TTOOL RT-LOTOS RTL
Notes

Arango95

Guillermo Arango(arango@austin.sar.slb.com)
Software reusability and the Internet [SamadzadehZand95] pp22-23

Arangoetal86

Guillermo Arango & Ira Baxter & Peter Freeman & Christopher Pidgeon(all at UCI)
TMM: Software Maintenance by Transformation
IEEE Software Magazine V3n3(May 1986)pp27-39
=ADVERT for Draco based: make abstraction before porting using domain specific thingies

Aranow89

Eric Aranow
Full Lifecycle CASE: Views from the Tower of Babel
System Builder (Oct/Nov 1989)
=REPORT CASE tools process
Pictures of three different life cycles: "waterfall", "Rapid Iterative Prototyping", "Iterative redefinition and redesign".
Does not describe the idea of implementing part of the system first to refine and elicit requirements.

Aranow92

Eric Aranow
Object Technology Means Object-Oriented Thinking
Software Magazine (Mar 1992)
The baggage of the structured techniques - concentrate on the up-front analysis to get our class hierarchies properly defined

ArbaughFithenMcHugh00

William A Arbaugh & William L Fithen & John McHugh
Windows of Vulnerability: A Case study Analysis
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n12(Dec 2000)pp52-5
=ANALYSIS CERT Exploits IMAP phf BIND 1996-1999
Three buffer-overflow magnitude and one miss-out mistake.
Automating a vulnerability (not disclosing it) allows many more intrusions.
Systems are not being managed well: Nearly all intrusions could have been halted if known precautions installed.

Arbib64

Michael Arbib
Brains Machines & Mathematics
USA McGraw Hill 1964
=TEXT cybernetics theory

Arbib68

Michael A. Arbib (ed) & K Krohn & J L. Rhodes
Algebraic Theory of Machines Languages & Semigroups
Academic Press New York 1968
=TEXT topology

ArblasterSimeGreen

?? Arblaster & ?? Sime && ?? Green
Jumping to Some Purpose
Comp Jnl v22 n2 (May 1979) pp105-109
=EXPERIEMNT sequential Technical

ArdagnaPernici07

Danilo Ardagna & Barbara Pernici
Adaptive Service Composition in Flexible Processes
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V33n6(Jun 2007)pp369-384
=EXPERIMENT ANNOTATED MODEL SERVICE QUALITIES PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION QoS MAIS BPEL UML XML MILP
Given a process that has many steps and includes loops and branches, and each elementary step can be carried out by several rival "concrete" services.... what is the optimum selection of services to complete task?
Given the same process that is partly complete.... what is the optimum way to complete the process.
If the optimal solution is not good enough... how to negotiate a better one.
MAIS::="MultiChannel Information Systems" project, [ http://www.mais-project.it ]
MILP::model="Mixed Integer Linear Programming".
Qualities = { Price, Reputation, Execution_time, availability, data_quality}.
Experiments suggest the algorithms work and are feasible.

Ardisetal96

Mark A Ardis & John A Chaves & Lalita Jategaonker Jagadeesan & Peter Mataga & Carlos Puchol & Mark G StasKauskas & James Von Olnhausen
A Framework for Evaluating Specification Methods for Reactive Systems: Experience Report
IEEE Trans Softw Eng VSE22N6(Jun 1996)pp378-389 revised from ICSE-17 1995
=COMPARISON Modechart VFSM Esterel LOTOS Z SDL C telecommunications; SDL and Esterel scored well
methods uncovered dangerous ambiguity in an informally stated standard

ArdisMataga99

Mark Ardis & Pete Mataga
Formal Methods Through Domain engineering
In [HincheyBowen99] pp315-328
=EXPERIENCE FAST PROCESS DOMAIN technology transfer 5ESS Lucent
Recommends an evolutionary, incremental, introduction of formal methods, that follows informal Domain analysis to identify useful abstractions.
FAST::Process="Family-Oriented Abstraction, Specification, and Translation".

Arjomandietal83

Arjomandi & Fischer & Lynch
Efficiency of Synchronous Versus Asynchronous Distributed Systems
Jnl ACM V30n3(Jul 1983)pp449-456
=THEORY non-sequential optimization

Arnold94

Robert S Arnold
Software ReEngineering: A Quick History
Comm ACM V37n5(May 1994)pp13-14
=HISTORY maintenance

ArnoldK94

Ken Arnold
Class Design for Inheritance
UNIX Review V12n7(Jul 1994)pp67-72
=ARTICLE DESIGN OBJECT-ORIENTED
1. Liskov, Anything possible to/true of a B is possible to/true of an A as well
  A is_a_kind_of B that does V in a special way
2. class B...{ virtual... V (....)=0 }
3. class A: public B{..virtual... V (....){...}..}
  A has_a B class A:... { ... B name; ...} A refers_to_a B class A:...{ B* name; ...} A implemented_using B class A: private B {....} Don't!
4. class A: protected B{....} Don't!
  A is_like_a B For some C, A and B come from a template C

ArnoldTFuson94

Thomas R Arnold & William A Fuson
Testing "In A Perfect World"
Commun ACM V37n9(Sep 1994)pp78-86(in Binder94)
=ESSAY NONSEQUENTIAL OBJECTS SQA

ArnoutMeyer03

Karine Arnout & Bertrand Meyer
Uncovering Hidden Contracts: The .NET Example
IEEE Computer Magazine V36n11(Nov 2003)pp48-
=CASE-STUDY CONTRACTS ASSERTIONS ..NET LIBRARY META-DATA TOOL
In ARRAY_LIST 62% of routines have implicit contracts hidden in the meta-data.

AroraGouda93

Anish Arora & Mohamed Gouda
Closure and Convergence: A Foundation for Fault-Tolerant Computing
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-19n11(Nov 1993)pp1015-1027
=THEORY guarded commands formal reliability

Arce02

Ivan Arce
Bug Hunting: The Seven Ways of the Security Samurai
IEEE Computer Magazine Security & Privacy supplement V35(Mar/Apr 2002)pp11-15
=EXPERIENCE BUGS SECURITY QUALITY RISKS
Lists security bug myths in a sidebar p12. Bug hunting takes time and understanding all the implications takes longer.
Lists samples of security bugs in a sidebar p13
The seven ways: audit, debuggers and disassemble, network traffic analysis, blackbox tests, brute force, top-down analysis, such the Internet.
Methods: lone ranger, timeboxed peer audit, assembly line, rotating teams.

Argent-KatwalaBradleyDingle04

Ashok Argent-Katwala & Jeremy T Bradley & Nicholas J Dingle
Expressing Performance Requirements using Regular Expressions to specify stochastic probes over process algebra models
WOSP'04 & ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V29n1(Jan 2004)pp49-58
=DEMO Performance Regular Expressions stochastic process algebra PEPA TOOL ipc/DNAmaca

Ariely09

Dan Ariely
Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions
Harper Collins NY NY 2009
=UNREAD =POPULARIZATION =EXPERIMENTS PEOPLE PSYCHOLOGY FALLACIES MARKETING BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS
Web site [ http://www.predictablyirrational.com/ ]
We are all a lot less rational than standard economics assumes.
Online Outline [ Predictably-Irrational ]
Reviewers are welcomed at [ contribute.html ]
A third option can makes us choose the worse alternative. cf Arrow's Theorem.
Price is often determined by habit not supply and demand.
The word "Free" helps us spend more money.
We will buy things or do things because we think others will buy/do it -- norms.
Arousal changes things.
Procrastination -- teachers should impose deadlines.
We overprice what we have -- cognitive dissonance strikes again.
We will waste time and money to keep our options open.
Expectations color our perceptions. Stereotypes!
Higher cost makes medicine etc. work better.
We don't like to cheat but still cheat a little bit. We are more honest about cash than things.
Making public choices can make you choose differently (in the USA) or in conformity(Hong Kong).
(dick)|-Maslow!

AriesEtal02

James A Aries & Subhankar Bannerjee & Marc S Brittan & Eric Dillion & Janusz S Kowalik & John P Lixvar
Capacity and Performance Analysis of Distributed Enterprise Systems
Commun ACM V45n6(Jun 2002)pp100-105
=EXPERIENCE Boeing RE-ENGINEERING TUNING PERFORMANCE large scaling client-server net SIMULATION
Need to monitor what is going on. Need model of workload characteristics. Load testing. Need model of system.
Mathematical and analytical models. Trading off time to solve vs accuracy of predictions.

ArinzeAnandarajan03

Bay Arinze & Murugan Anandarajan
A Framework for Using Object-Oriented mapping methods to rapidly configure ERP Systems
Commun ACM V46n2(Feb 2003)pp61-65
=ADVERT EOM Object-Oriented ERP
EOM::="Enterprise Object Model".

ArisholmBriandFoyen04

Erik Arisholm & Lionel C Briand & Auden Fvyen
Dynamic Coupling Measurement for Object-Oriented Software
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V30n8(Aug 2004)pp491-506
=CASESTUDY DYNAMIC RUNTIME Java COUPLING METRICS TOOL JDissect Notes interaction of inheritance and message passing: the object-level coupling is determined at runtime but class-level is static (and different).
Figure 2, p494 is UML Metamodel of classes, methods, objects, etc.. Studied Velocity open source in Apache Jakarta Project. 17 versions 408 class es, 17KLOC, 65 inheritance relation, 149 methods overridden.
Average dynamic import and export couplings are always equal. Principle components confirm that dynamic coupling is not correlated with stat ic metrics.
Regression of change proneness on SLOC and each proposed metric.
|-the dynamic export coupling metrics predict change proneness.
Similar to work done on Smalltalk.
Export coupling occurs when one method is called by another one.
Changes come from calls

ArisholmBriandHoveLabiche06

Erik Arisholm & Lionel C Briand & Siw Elisabeth Hove & Yvan Labiche
The impact of UML Documentation on Software Maintenance: an Experimental Evaluation
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V32n6(Jun 2006)pp365-381
=EXPERIMENT UML MAINTENANCE DOCUMENTATION TOOLS TAO Visio Java Oslo Ottawa
UML documentation helps students to correctly make complex changes in code.
It helps students make complex changers faster but the total time (including updating the diagrams was longer.
Some students who had no UML docs drew their own on difficult tasks.
Some students given UML ignored it on some tasks.
Students without the UML docs where more likely to say that they were out of practice with Java and had problems grasping the whole picture.
Previous experiment [ ArisholmSjoberg04 ]

ArisholmSjoberg04

Erik Arisholm & Dag I J Sjoberg
Evaluating the Effect of a delegate versus centralized Control Style on the maintainability of Object-Oriented Software
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V30n8(Aug 2004)pp521-534
=EXPERIMENT EVOLUTION MAINTENANCE Object-Oriented MODULES Expert REALITY vs novice Java SESE RDD Responsibility GLM ANOVA
Comparison of the correctness and effort for maintaining two OO designs for the Coffee-Machine problem from OOPSLA'97 OO. Compared consultants(3 levels: junior, intermediate, senior) and Students(Ugrad vs Grad).
Two designs: one centralizes most of the responsibilities into a FrontPanel object. The decentralized design models ideas like product, ingredient, recipe and spreads the functionality over 12 modules.
Overall correctness on 4 tasks: 59%, correctness increases with expertise, centralized(69%) done correctly more often than decentralized(50%)!
Effort drops with expertise for students, but for consultants the effort on decentralized design drops with expertise and increases for the centralized.

ArisholmEtAl07

Erik Arisholm & Hans Gallis & Tore Dyba & Dag I K Sjoberg
Evaluating Pair Programming with respect to System Complexity and Progrmmer Expertise
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V33n2(Jan 2007)pp65-86
=EXPERIMENT TECHNICAL MAINTENANCE PAIR PROGRAMMING EXPERTISE STYLE Java
Well designed experiment testes whether pairs are more productive than programmers working alone.
Based on previously used experimental code [ ArisholmSjoberg04 ]
On average there is a slight bdecrease in the time and an increase in the likelihood of a correct fix -- but the effort(2 people vs 1person) is 80% higher.
With less experienced programmers pairs are 70%more likely to produce correct code it takes them a little longer.
Intermediate programmers get the best reduction in time 30%.
Experience programmers produce less correct code but do bit a little faster.
All these effects are moderated as the code switches style from a centralized control design to a distributed control Object-Oriented design.

ArlowNeustadt04

J Arlow & I Neustadt
Enterprise patterns and MDA: Building Better Software with Archetype Patterns and UML
Addison Wesley Longman Publishing Co, Inc., Redwood City, CA, 2003. CR 0412-1461.
=HANDBOOK COMMERCIAL ORGANISATION LITERATE UML MODELS MDA PCL archetype pleomorph
MDA::OMG="Model Driven Architecture", using tools to convert models directly to code.
PCL::=" Pattern Configuration Language".
archetype::= "a class, attribute, operation, or relationship that appears in many applications"
ArlowNeustadt04_pattern::= "A collection of collaborating archetypes", optional parts shown by the <<o>> stereotype. Names: Party, Party relationship, Customer Relations Management(CRM), Product, Inventory, Order, Quantity, Money, Rule.
pleomorph::= " distinct patterns of archetypes in different enterprises".

Armour00

Phillip G Armour
The Case for a new business model
Commun ACM V43n8(Aug 2000)pp11-22
=IDEA software is a medium for storing DATA
5_media:=(DNA, brains, hardware/tools, books, software).
We need paraphrenalia to allow us to embed knowledge in software so that it can be changed and used.
workplace and process should help acquire knowledge.
1. domain knowledge, 2. how to acquire knowledge, 3. how to structure it for embedding in software. Most developers will not need knowledge of software itself.
failure also leads to knowledge
account for knowledge as an asset

Armour00b

Phillip G Armour
The Five Orders of Ignorance
Commun ACM V43n10(Oct 2000)pp17-20
=ESSAY TECHNICAL CODE contains KNOWLEDGE PROCESSES METHODS
Tight hacked code does not contain disproven ex-knowlege.
For n:0..4, n.OI := n.th Order Ignorance.
0.OI = demonstrable knowledge.
1.OI = Know that I don't know.
2.OI = I don't Know that I don't know.
3.OI = I don't know how to uncover 2.OI.
4.OI = I don't know about the OI.
Methods and processes give usxquestions not answers.

Armour01

Phillip G Armour
The Laws of Software Process
Commun ACM V44n1(Jan 2001)pp15-
=ESSAY PROCESSES CMM IGNORANCE
5 orders of ignorance [Armour00b]
Why developing processes is difficult.
One size doesn't fit all. Fit process to situation. Experimental lab areas. Term limits. Measure value.

Armour01b

Phillip G Armour
Matching Process to Types of Teams
Commun ACM V44n7(Jul 2001)pp21-23
=ESSAY ONESIZE PROCESS TEAM PEOPLE
One size does not fit all -- a creative team does not want a repeatable product!
Four kinds of team:=( tactical, problem-solving, creative, Learning).
Use "orders of Ignorance".. [Armour00b]

Armour02

Phillip G Armour
The Spiritual Life of Projects
Commun ACM V45n1(Jan 2002)pp11-14
=ESSAY PEOPLE MANAGEMENT TEAM
(FatherJim)|-4 components of humanity: physical, intellectual, emotional and spiritual.
need: explicit or implicit code of conduct, higher purpose, contributing values to someone's life, morale, mutual support, leadership by creating an environment where people do their best, caring for weaker members of the team.

Armour02b

Phillip G Armour
Ten Unmyths of Project estimation
Commun ACM V45n11(Nov 2002)pp15-18
=ESSAY ESTIMATION QUALITIES
|-What we don't know is a major source of error in estimation and defects in code.
|-Sometimes we don't even know that we are missing knowledge.
|-Estimates are inaccurate.
|-don't estimate dates: estimate the probability of an event by that date.
|-estimates are not commitments.
|-time is only roughly defendant on size.
|-Historical data may be the best data, but it is not good enough to predict productivity.
|-Productivity works for buildings and things but not for knowledge.
|-LOC/FP does not measure knowledge we don't have.
|-Brook's Law.
|-No amount of resources can guarantee absence of defects.

Armour04

Phillip Armour
When Executives Code
Commun ACM V47n1(Jan 2004)pp19-22
=EXPERIENCE PEOPLE vs PRACTICE MANAGEMENT
Executives on a 3 day course behave like amateur programmers on a programming project and emerge sadder but wiser.
The course project included unexpected system failure, unrealistic deadlines, and deliberately intrusive management.
Executives lost track of the goals of the project in the joys of hacking code!
Never produced working system.

Armour04a

Phillip G Armour
Not-Defect: the Mature Discipline of Testing
Commun ACM V47n10(Oct 2004)pp15-18
=ESSAY TESTING IGNORANCE
Testing is about discovering what we don't know.

Armour03

Phillip G Armour
The laws of Software Process: A New model for the production and management of software
Auerbach Boston MA 2003 ISBN 0849314895 CR 0502-0217
=THEORY IGNORANCE PEOPLE METHODS
Software development as a process of discovering and recording knowledge.
Based on .Lookup Armour

Armour06

Phillip G Armour
Counting Boulders and Measuring Mountains
Commun ACM V49n1(Jan 2006)pp17-20
=ANALOGY ESTIMATION PLANNING Project Management WBS COCOMO SLIM-Estimate Everest
Argues that you don't get a good estimate of the size of a mountain by estimating the rocks that make it up and adding up the numbers.
WBS::="Work Breakdown Structure", count the rocks in the mountain.
Executives then ask for a better estimate/plan.
Scope-based implementation is more like using surveying tools and techniques to measure the mountain.
Use the scope of the project to estimate final system size.
Time depends on a power of system size.
Since scope is uncertain and the estimates of size based on a given scope add uncertainty, one generates effort estimates that have a range of values.
Quantify the uncertainties!
No discussion of the agile approach (start climbing the mountain first, and change your estimates as you climb, etc.)

Armour06b

Phillip G Armour
Software: hard data
Commun ACM V49n9(Sep 2006)pp15-17
=EXPERIENCES statistics Information technology projects
Software enacts knowledge about many domains with no commonality.
Quotes data from "QSM".
Small teams succeed more than large ones.
Typical projects have fewer than 7 people, last < 8 months, use COBOL, 9KLOC.
More projects overlap phases these days.
Best projects are good accross the board: effort, estimate, duration,...
Big LOC projects are more productive but why?

Armour07

Phillip G Armour
Agile . . . And Offshore
Commun ACM V50n1(Jan 2007)pp13-14
=INTERVIEW AGILE DISTRIBUTED PEOPLE ECONOMICS TOOLS WEB/NET GeneerAginity Ukraine Mantis Subversion Cruise control Ncover simian
Agile Geneer misjudged .com crash 2000-2002 & bank foreclosed.
Aginity offshore development (Evanston+Kiev) based on personal contact, shared achitecture, patterns, frameworks, language, & vocabulary.
Stories, iterations, risk provocation.
Open source groupware tools generate management data via web spaces.

Armour07a

Phillip G Armour
Mortallity Play
Commun ACM V50n3(Map 2007)pp-
=ANECDOTE INSURANCE SOFTWARE ESTIMATION
Insurance depends on estimating precisely the chances of bad things happening...
But this (anon) company had failed to figure out the chance of four projects failing.
Armour figured each had a 1/5 chance, so all four at about 1/200 for the complete set.
They used classic project planning with task breakdown etc...
Conclusion: don't just ask how long a project will take, ask what is the chanace that it will be complete by the deadline.

Armour07b

Philip G Armour
Twenty Percent
Commun ACM V50n6(Jun 2007)pp21-23
=IDEA ESTIMATION OPTIMISTIC RISKS DEATHMARCH
A good 50% estimate -- allowing for reasonable problems -- is negotiated down to one that has a 20% of being met, by ignoring the risks.
Optimism reduces the resources requested at the price of increasing the probability of running out of resources.
See [Spinellis07a] and [DEATHMARCH]

Armour08

Phillip G Armour
The inaccurate conception
Commun ACM V51n3(Mar 2008)pp13-16
=ESSAY ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY LIFECYCLE
Cone_of_uncertainty::=map[t:time]([1/f(t) .. f(t)]* actual ), for some decreasing function f. "Describes how estimates get more accurate as a project proceeds". At that start of new product estimates are between [0.25 .. 4.0] times the actual value. Tightens as uncertainties are removed.
Express estimates as a distribution mapping qualities to probability of success. S shaped curve.
commitment is not an estimate.

Armour09

Phillip G Armour
The Business of Software: The Ontology of Paper
Commun ACM V52n1(Jan 2009)pp23-24 [ 1435417.1435427 ]
=ESSAY DOCUMENTATION PAPER vs
Claims that the industrial revolution did not occur until steam engines were used to create steam engines.
Claims that current software technology tends to reproduce the defects of paper-based artifacts.
Describes the properties of paper artifacts: difficult to link artifacts, not executable, not easily verifiable, serial access, imposes a hierarchical structure, places information within a linear context, inherently single-tasking, ...
Even hypertext does not relax these constraints.
Claims that older systems fitted the paper model well.
New systems need the external linkages and executability of software.

Armour09a

Phillip G Armour
the business of software: the cliche defence
Commun ACM V52n7(Jul 2009)pp34-36 [ 1538788.1538802 ]
=ESSAY PEOPLE MANAGERS BUZZ PHRASES
Do it right the first time. But.... Quote: "much of the business of software involves the discovery of what we are supposed to be doing".
Work smarter not harder.
Quality is the most important thing. But.... Which quality?
Our customers are the most important thing. But.... Which customers? What about future extensions and the people who work on them?
Our people are the most important thing. But... are they supported?

Arms01

Willian Y Arms
Uniform Resource Names: Handles, PURLs, and Digital Object Identifiers
Commun ACM V44n5(May 2001)p68
=HISTORY WEB/NET URL RFC1737 URN CNRI DOI IDF
PURL::= "Persistent URL".

Armstrong06

Deborah J. Armstrong
The Quarks of Object-Oriented Development
Commun ACM V49n2(Feb 2006)pp123-128
=SURVEY OBJECTS TECHNICAL ONTOLOGY GLOSSARY TAXONOMY
Two "constructs": Structure and Behavior.
Under Structure: Abstraction, Class, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Object.
Under Behavior: Message Passing, Method, Polymorphism.
Table 3 includes definitions of the concepts.

Armstrong01

Rob Armstrong
Seven Steps to Optimizing Data Warehouse Performance
IEEE Computer Magazine V34n12(Dec 2001)pp76-79
=ADVERT PERFORMANCE OLAP DATA WAREHOUSE
Good for OLTP is bad for OLAP. Cf SSADM Physical design control in 1980's.
steps: use relational OLTP data, implement special views via SQL, add indices, store more summaries, denormalize, denormalize irrationally, export data.
Cycle: define requirement, understand benefits, determine needed data, find lowest step to get performance, calculate costs, implement or redefine requirements.

ArrechederaMatteo00

Hector Arrechedera & Alfredo Matteo
How to get started with Design Patterns
Proc SCI/ISAS2000 VII pp47-52 [SCI00]
=EXPERIENCE EDUCATION OBJECT-ORIENTED PATTERNS

ArthorneLaffra04

John Arthorne & Chris Laffra
Official Eclipse 3.0 FAQs
Addison Wesley Pro BostonMA 2004 ISBN 0321268385 CR 0605-0450 [ http://www.eclipse.org ]
=UNREAD =MANUAL Eclipse PLUGIN Java IDE SWT [click here if you can fill this hole]

Arthur92

Lowell Jay Arthur
Rapid Evolutionary development: requirements, prototyping and software creation
John Wiley& Son NYNY 1992 ISBN 0-471-53633 CR 9211-0860 QA76.76.D47A78
=HANDBOOK EVOLUTION REQUIREMENTS PROTOTYPES

Arthur97

Lowell Jay Arthur
Quantum Improvements in Software QUALITY
Commun ACM V40n6(Jun 1997)pp46-52
=EXPERIENCE PEOPLE PROCES QUALITY MODULES METRIC CYCLOMATIC PARETO
focus on particular results and people. Give practical "accelerated" training(story+demonstrations+discuss application).
Laws: 20% of the code has 80% of the errors. 20% of the code requires 80% of the mods. Keep cyclomatic complexity of modules between 5 and 15.

ArthurGronerHayhurstHolloway99

James D Arthur & Markus D Gr"oner & Kelly J Hayhurst & C Michael Holloway
Evaluating the effectiveness of independent verification and validation
IEEE Computer Magazine V32n10(Oct 1999)pp79-83
=EXPERIMENT V&V SEES MER TAPs
IV&V beneficial: cost of errors reduced

Asaravala03

Amit Asaravala
All by themselves
Software Development Magazine V11n3(Mar 2003)pp38-41
=HISTORY AGENTS AI Clippy metadata semantic web XML RDF ontology DAML+OIL LOGIC
Agents (minimally) observe an environment and react to changes by interacting with the environment -- and other agents.
Agents either need a shared ontology or a way to share ontologies and metadata.
RDF::XML_DTD="Resource Description Framework", indicates relationships between subjects, predicates and objects.

Asaravala04

Amit Asaravala
Project Management, Evo Style
Software Development -- People and Projects newsletter(Nov 2004)
=ARTICLE AGILE EVOLUTIONARY PROJECT MANAGEMENT 1960s ITERATIVE Evo PDCA
Many small cycles each with Planning, Checking, Doing, and Acting -- -- --(PDCA)
Acting changes the plans...
See also "Evolutionary Project Management Methods," by Niels Malotaux [ http://click.sd.email-publisher.com/maacOZiabbnXPbdngFsb/ ] [pdf] and "How Quality Is Assured by Evolutionary Methods," by Niels Malotaux [ http://click.sd.email-publisher.com/maacOZiabbnXQbdngFsb/ ] [pdf].

AsarinCaspiMaler02

Eugene Asarin & Paul Caspi & Oded Maler
Timed Regular Expressions
J. ACM V49n2(Mar 2002)pp172-206
=THEORY TIMING REGULAR EXPRESSIONS STRINGS FSM LANGUAGES KLEENE BUCHI NONSEQUENTIAL
When time is important as well as sequence, then timed automata recognize languages defined by extended regular expressions: Intersection and relabelling have to be added to union/sequence/closure.
Definition is via the free merge of a Time monoid and an Event monoid.

Ashman00

H L Ashman <hla@cs.nott.ac.uk>
Relations Modeling Sets of Hypermedia Links and Navigation
Computer Journal V43n5( 2000)pp345-363
=THEORY WWW/NET HYPERTEXT

AslesonSchutta05

Ryan Asleson & Nathaniel T Schutta
Foundations of Ajax (foundation)
Apress Berkeley CA 2005 ISBN 159059823 CR 0611-1104
=UNREAD Web/NET Javascript XML Ajax
Compare with rival Atlas [SmithK06] from Microsoft.

Aslett91

M J Aslett(Ed)(GEC Marconi UK)
A knowledge based approach to Software development: ESPRIT project ASPIS
North-Holland Amsterdam Netherlands 1991 ISBN 0-444-88886-1 CR9310-0740
=UNREAD KNOWLEDGE ASPIS

AstesianoReggioRicca08

Egidio Astesiano & Gianna Reggio & Filippo Ricca
Modeling Business with a UML-based Rigorous Software Development Approach
Montanari Festschrift pp261-277 [DeganoEtAl08]
=DEMO UML BUSINESS MODELING MARS SOA REALITIES SYSTEMS ORGANIZATION OCL
BM::discipline="Business Modeling".
Use multiple UML2 views of business: Static + Organization + Business Process + Data.
Model business processes in the context of other business processes.
Model business entities and organization.
Model activities precisely.
Proposes stereotypes: <<A>> for autonomous acts, <<bw>> for business worker, <<bo>> for business objects, <<ext>> external entities, <<ou>> organizational units. <<bp>> business process "use case". <<large>> high level cases.

AstleySturmanAghar01

Mark Astley & Daniel Sturman & Gul Aghar
Customizable middleware for modular distributed software
Commun ACM V44n5(May 2001)pp99-107
=DEMO MODULES ARCHITECTURE WWW/NET NONSEQUENTIAL QUALITIES REFLECTION LANGUAGE ACTORS
separate concerns of application (PURPOSES) from nonfunctional requirements (policies) like security and atomicity.
Express policies(requirements) explicitly in the software.
Policies are to protocols as interfaces are to implementations.
DIL::= "Distributed Interaction Language", describes a protocol in terms of roles and their responses to events. Roles are formal parameters.
Multiple policies achieved by stacking protocols with one object playing one or more roles in several protocols.
?? Aliasing ?

Astrachan91

Owen Astrachan
Pictures as Invariants
SIGCSE Bulletin V23n1(Mar 1991)pp112-118
=DEMO LOGIC TECHNICAL GRAPHIC

Asuaga01

Ana Asuaga
Enginering a New society
IEEE Computer Magazine V34n6(Jun 2001)pp104+102-103-
=ESSAY SYSTEMS ENGINEERING ETHICS
Need for collaboration and listening in engineering and in society.

AthanasSilverman93

Peter M Athanas & Harvey F Silverman
Processor Reconfiguration Through Instruction-Set Metamorphosis
IEEE Computer Magazine V26n3(Mar 1993)pp11-20
=DEMO DFDs HARDWARE
DFDs on pages 15-16 are called DFGs

AtkinsBallGravesMockus02

David L Atkins & Thomas Ball & Todd L Graves & Audris Mockus
Using Version Control Data to evaluate the Impact of Software Tools: A Case Study of the Version editor(VE)
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V28n7(Jul 2002)pp625-637
=EMPIRICAL TECHNICAL TOOL EVALUATION
|-(1) : tools help developers determine and/or carry out modifications in existing documents.
|-(2) : The change history of such documents can be used to estimate the effort.
(1, 2)|-record tools used and relate to monitored data.
Tool designed to hide C++ #ifdefs etc had a significant and good effect on productivity.

AtkinsonKuhne03

Colin Atkinson & Thomas K"uhne
Aspect-Oriented Development with Stratified Frameworks
IEEE Software Magazine V20n1(Jan/Feb 2003)pp81-89
=IDEA DESIGN ASPECTS AOP HIERARCHY ARCHITECTURE PATTERNS
Refine labelled interactions to collaborations of objects. Labels name concerns and indicate the collaboration and/or more detailed concerns.
Concerns include coordination, distribution, persistence, security, recovery, undo, paradigms

AtleeBuckley96

Joanne M Atlee & Michael A Buckley
A logic-Model Semantics for SCR Software Requirements
Proc 1996 Int Symposium on Software Testing & Analysis(ISSTA) & ACM SIGSOFT SENotes V21n3(May 1996)pp280-292
=IDEA LOGIC SCR REQUIREMENTS TABULAR
SCR::="Software Cost Reduction"
SCR Statecharts RSML all share conditioned-event-driven reactive systems. demos analytical requirements temporal logic model and tool SMV::="Symbolic Model Verifier". CTL::=Computational Tree Logic
See CORE [WilliamsL94] [HeimdahlLeveson96]

Atwood07

Jeff Atwood
The coming Software Patent Apocalpse
Coding Horror (Jul ?? 2007) [ 000902.html ]
=ESSAY LEGAL PATENT ARMS RACE Microsoft Knuth

Atwood08

Jeff Atwood
Coding: It's just writing
coding horror nov10th [ 001184.html ]
=ESSAY CODING STYLE STRUNK LITERATE KNUTH

Atwood09?

Jeff Atwood
software engineering dead?
coding horror blog (jul 18 2007) [ 001288.html ]
=ESSAY CONTROL PLANNING ENGINEERING CRAFT
surprised by [DeMarco09]
Quote

Atwood09b

Jeff Atwood
COBOL: Everywhere and Nowhere
Coding Horror (Aug 9 2009) [ 001294.html ]
=BLOG COBOL COBOL.NET EXAMPLE

AueBreu94

Alfred Aue & Michael Breu
Distributed Information Systems: An Advanced Methodology
IEEE trans on Soft Eng vSE-20n8(Aug 1994)pp594-605
=ADVERT BOS(Bull + Olivetti & Siemens-Nixdorf) ENGINEERING method REQUIREMENTS LIFECYCLE ERD
Based on Merise/Omega
MOis
GRAPES. Relaxed water fall model. Documents can be drafted
approved and then baseline. The draft versions "look ahead" to the future options.

AugustinePayneSencindiverWoodcock05

Sanjiv Augustine & Bob Payne & Fred Sencindiver & Susan Woodcock
Agile Project Management: Steering from the edges.
Commun ACM V48n12(Dec 2005)pp85-89
=ADVERT AGILE PROJECT MANAGEMENT APM COMPLEXITY XP
APM::= "Agile Project Management".
Agile methods rescue a medium sized project in 2002. Lists: 6 practices, 7 changes, 6 new activities, 6 innovations, 7 difficulties.
sidebar p87 describes complex adaptive systems ( CAS ).

Austin99

Robert D Austin
The Phantom Menace
IEEE Software Magazine V16n5(Sep/Oct 1999)pp15-18
=EXPERIENCE PROCESSES MANAGEMENT
superstars, dynamic requirements, parallelism, theatre

AustinDevin03

Rob Austin & Lee Devin
Beyond Requirements: software Making as Art
IEEE Software Magazine V20n1(Jan/Feb 2003)pp93-95
=ESSAY REQUIREMENTS FORMAL vs AGILE PURPOSES QUALITIES EVOLUTION ITERATION
Analogy with producing a play. The requirements are like a script. But a great performance goes beyond the script by iteration, creation, and improvisation. So great software will go beyond the predicted requirements using creativity, iteration, and improvisation.

Autebert99

Jean-Michel Autebert
Some Results about Centralized PC grammar systems
Theor Comput Sci V215n1/2(Feb 28 1999)pp383-398
=THEORY NONSEQUENTIAL GRAMMAR LANGUAGES THEORY
PC:= Parallel communicating context free.
Grammars generate query symbols that is a non-terminal in another grammar.
Centralised:@PC=only one grammar inserts queries.

AvisonFitzgerald03

David E Avison & Guy Fitzgerald
Where Now for development methodologies
Commun ACM V46n1(Jan 2003)pp79-
=HISTORY METHODS NONE SDLC ONE-SIZE -> DIVERSITY
methods became mixtures of ( structured, data-oriented, prototyping, Object-Oriented, participative, strategic, Systems) methods.
Most were local to the organization even if based on another one.
web related return to 1960's ad hocism?

AvisonGregorWilson06

David Avison & Shirley Gregor & David Wilson
Managerial IT Unconsciousness
Commun ACM V49n7(Jul 2006)pp89-93
=EXPERIENCES RISKS 3 AUSTRALIAN FAILURES PEOPLE RMIT ERP PeopleSoft Sidney Water One.Tel
All three we catastrophic (or near catastrophes) for stake holders. One bankruptcy.
3 different types of business: university, utility, .com telephones
Risk factors
1. Over-complex/ambitious or over-integrated systems.
2. Clueless management -- Poor governance -- no checks on progress and quality.
3. Inexperienced or powerless experts with no clout -- warnings ignored.
4. Ignoring the critical importance of getting money in: billing systems!

AvisonYoung07

David Avison & Terry Young
Time to rethink health care and ICT
Commun ACM V50n6(Jun 2007)pp69-74
=SURVEY UK HEALTH RISKS PEOPLE CULTURE FACE-TO-FACE VS ERP NPfIT RISP CSCI372
Describes and analyses the history of health systems not meeting their goals and/or failing to serve the stake holders
NPiFT::UK.NHS="The National Program for Information Technology".
Notes that best practices include understanding and supporting the culture of the organization.
Notes that health system rely on complex face-to-face communication.
Claims this is being ignored in NPfIT.

AvizienisBall87

Algirdas Avizienis & Danforth E Ball
On the Achievement of a Dependable and Fault-Tolerant Air Traffic Control System
IEEE Computer Magazine V20n2 (Feb 1987)pp63-71
=EXPERIENCE FAA AAS minimize RISKS
Compare with the later TCAS.

Avruninetal91

George S Avrunin & Ugo A. Buy & James C Corbett & Laura K Dillon and Jack C Wileden
Automated Analysis of Concurrent Systems With the Constrained Expression Toolset
IEEE SE-V17n11(Nov 1991)pp1204-1222 CR9303-0149
=DEMO TOOL NONSEQUENTIAL PREDICTION PROOF
regular expressions plus interleaving to predict behaviors and problems

AycockHorspool01

John Aycock & R Nigel Horspool
Schroedinger's Token
Software - Practice & Experience V31n8(10 Jul 2001)pp803-814
=IDEA LEXICAL PARSING LANGUAGES NONDETERMINISM
During lexical analysis a token can be left in a superposition of several types until the parser looks into the token and resolves it.
IF IF = THEN THEN THEN =IF
dummy token type: SCHRODINGER

AyewahEtAl08

Nathaniel Ayewah & William Pugh & David Hovemeyer & J David Morgenthaler & John Penix
Using Static Analysis to Find Bugs
IEEE Software Magazine V25n5(Sep/Oct 2008)pp22-29
=EXPERIENCE Google =SURVEY OPEN SOURCE TOOL FindBugs Java TECHNICAL QUALITY Mondrian
A free static analysis tool finds real defects in real code ... Plus some false positives -- but misses some bugs.
Survey of users shows it to be useful.

BaaderNipkow98

Franz Baader & Tobias Nipkow
Term rewriting and all that
Cambridge U Press NY NY 1998 ISBN 0-521-77920-0 CR0002-0072
=THEORY MATH

Baber82

Robert Laurence Baber
Software Reflected: the socially responsible programming of our computers
North Holland NY NY 1982 QA76.6.B26
=TEXTBOOK USER

Baber85

Robert L Baber
I/O Statements in Higher Programming Languages: Unnecessary & Undesirable(Open Channel)
IEEE Computer Magazine V18n6(Jun 1985)p112
=HARMFUL input/output LANGUAGES
harmful to split secondary from primary memory

BabarGorton09

Muhammad Ali Babar & Ian Gorton
Software Architecture Review: The State of Practice
IEEE Computer Magazine V42n7(Jul 2009)pp27-32
=POLL 235 ENTERPRISES SQA ARCHITECTURE MODELS INSPECTION WALKTHROUGH
Excellent summary of ways of ensuring design quality and addressing architectural concerns -- not all of them popular.
Common techniques: Scenarios, Experience, and prototyping. Less common: check lists, metrics, simulation, questionaires, mathematics
Documenting architectures: modeling notations, views, features, assumptions and constraints, ...
Inputs: (commonest first) requirements, descriptions, business drivers, standards, ...
Stakeholders -- various

Babinetal91

Gilbert Babin & Francois Lustman & Peretz Shoval
Specification and Design of Transactions in Informations Systems: A Formal Approach
IEEE SE-V17n8(Aug 1991)pp815-829
CR9303-0181
QV Lustman94
dataflows vs control_data_flows & FSM

Bach95

James Bach
Enough about process: What we need are heroes
IEEE Software Magazine V12n2(Mar 1995)pp96-98+replies IEEE Software Magazine V12n3(May 1995)p5-7 [Bach9?]

Bach97

James Bach
Good Enough Quality: Beyond the Buzzword
IEEE Computer Magazine V30n8(Aug 1997)pp96-98
=ESSAY QUALITY ECONMICS MS-PROCESS
rational choices of what to fix now
GEQ::="Good Enough Quality"

Bach9?

James Bach
Process Evolution in a Mad World
Borland International Internal Report (100 Borland Way Scots Valley CA 96066) [Bach95]
1. (riskbased1): absolutely necessary - to handle perceived risk
2. (riskbased2): make it tolerant
3. (riskbased3): small informal experiments first
4. (riskbased4): frequent evaluation
5. (riskbased5): find a champion
6. (riskbased6): work with the team
7. (riskbased7): mentor, not a manuaal
8. (riskbased8): "formalize" only when necessary
9. Example Bug reviews. 50..100 bugs per day. 30 bugs an hour.

BachleKirchberg07

Michael Bachle & Pauk Kirchberg
Ruby on Rails
IEEE Software Magazine V24n6(Nov/Dec 2007)pp105-108
=DEMO RUBY ROR TECHNICAL WEB PLATFORM RAPID PROTOTYPING MVC
Also compares with Apache Struts, Tapestry, Cocoon, and ASP.NET

Bachman69

Charles Bachman
Data Structure Diagrams
Data Base Journal ACM SIGDBP v1 n2 (?? 1969)pp4-10
=DEMO GRAPHIC DATA Reality

Bachman73

Charles Bachman
The Programmer as Navigator
Commun ACM v16 n11 Nov73 pp653-658
=ESSAY data

Bachman92

Charlie Bachman
New Apps Must be Model-Driven:Business Needs Steer Changes to Tech Model
Software Magazine Debate (Mar 1992)p52

Backhouseetal89

Roland Backhouse & Paul Chisholm & Grant Malcolm & Erik Saaman
Do-it-yourself Type Theory
Formal Aspects Comput V1n1 (Jan-Mar 1989)pp19-84
=theory structures Reality

BaclawskiIndurkhya94

Kenneth Baclawski & Bipin Indurkhya
The Notion of Inheritance in object-oriented programming(Letter)
Commun ACM V37n9(Sep 1994)pp118-119
[Grosberg93] [ArnoldK94] (C++ advice)
1. Abrahams's 91 letter "Subject: Objectivism"
2. Lalonde & Pugh JOOP 91 "subclassing <> subtyping <> is-a"
3. Tesler's 91 CACM letter
4. Wegner 80 pages in 90 OOPS messenger
5. Winkler 92 letter refers to POV vs COV in Winkler's letter Quotes Wegner 90
6. POV = Physical & COV = Conceptual Piaget: Child constructs idea of object permanence from its own actions on the objects.
  Class of objects without actions<>class of objects with some actions.
  Failure to find epistomological foundations of the IS-A link - six different generic-generic and four kinds of generic-individual relation
  "The point here is that the concepts in the real world, which programs attempt to model, do not come in neatly packaged hierarchies." (cf GoldsteinAlger92)
  "There are no standard conceptual hierachies. Given a domain and a specific PURPOSE, certain concept hierarchies would be clearly preferable than others, but such policy decisions are best left to the USER of the programming language[...] What a PL provides is a set of mechanisms [...] restrict what can be implemented[but] they do not themselves validate some view of inheritance or other[...]" these are also just implemented concepts and do not not have a universal objective meaning....upto the designers to choose suitable mechanisms.

BaeckerMarcus90

R M Baeker & A Marcus
Human Factors and typography for More Readable Programs
ACM Press 1990
Readability QUALITY Readability Technical

Baetan90

J C M Baetan(Ed)
Applications of Process Algebra
Cambridge U Press Cambridge UK & NY NY 1990
=Theory nonsequential algebra CSP CCS ACP
1. problem with informal semantics in POOL pp172-236(Frits W Vaandrager)
2. fairness and liveness [p13 of Baetan90 by J A Bergstra &J W Kop]
3. ultrametric [p9 of Baetan90 by J A Bergstra &J W Kop] :. all guarded recursion equations without abstraction have a unique solution.
4. process creation can be simulated. pp81-88 of Baetan90 by J A Bergstra )
5. Process Algebra is a better model than CSP/CCS for concurrency.
6. Relations are a basic process algebra pp1-22(J A Bergstra &J W Kop) but without <*>

Baetan08

Joe C M Baetan
Calculating with Automata
Montanari Festschrift [DeganoEtAl08] pp746-756
=EDUCATION THEORY ALGEBRA EQUATIONS AUTOMATA GRAMMARS KLEENE REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
Demonstrates that most of standard theory can be taught using equations.

BaierHaverkortHermansKatoen03

Christel Baier & Boudewijn Haverkort & Holger Hermans & Joost-Pieter Katoen
Model-checking algorithms for continuous-time Markov Chains
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n6(Jun 2003)pp524-541
=THEORY MATHEMATICS MODEL CHECKING CTMC CSL RELIABILITY CTL
CSL:="Continuous Stochastic Logic". Steady state + path probabilities in time intervals. Modes P[event] <=> p. Nested. Generalizes CTL.
CTMC::="continuous time Markov chains". P(i -> j fires after t) = c*exp( -rate*t) iff it is first.

Baggi05

Denis L Baggi
An IEEE Standard for Symbolic Music
IEEE Computer Magazine V38n11(Nov 2005)pp100-102
=REPORT MUSIC STANDARD P1599 XML MEI RM0
P1599::= See http://www.computer.org/portal/pages/ieeecs/communities/standards/1599/par.html
MusicXML::= See http://www.recordare.com/xml.html

BaggiHaus09

Denis Baggi & Goffredo Haus
IEEE 1599: Music encoding and interaction
IEEE Computer Magazine V42n3pp84-87
=ADVERT =STANDARD IEEE-1599 MUSIC AUDIO VISUAL NOTATION GAME JAZZ Blues XML
IEEE1599::DTD= See http://standards.ieee.org/downloads/1599/1599-208/
Example: <clef type="G" staff_step="2" event_ref="c1"/>
Previous report [Baggi05]

Bagrodia89

Rajive Bagrodia
Synchronisation of Asynchronous Processes in CSP
ACM Trans Prog Lang Syst V11n4(Oct 1989) pp585-597
=THEORY Technical non-sequential

BahsounMerzServieres93

Jean Paul Bahsoun & Stephan Merz & Corinne Servieres<all@irit.fr>
A Framework for Programming and Formalizing Concurrent Objects [Notkin93] pp 126-137
=THEORY non-sequential objects TLA
1. messages::=${ sender, destination::agent, mode::modes, type::message_types, parameters::vector, ...}.
  Two modes: asynchronous- after sending the sender does not wait, semi-synchronous - the sender will not send a message of the same type to the same receiver before the first message has been acknowledged by the receiver.
  Assumes arbitrary delays and that messages can get out of order.
  TLA formalization via send[a](M)::=net:| a><M.... Conclusions Now need to investigate inheritance. must spec both components and protocols...

BaierEtAl07

Christel Baier & Lucia Cloth & Boudewijn R Haverkort & Mathias Kuntz & Markus Siegle
Model Checking Markov Chains with Actions and State Labels
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V33n4(Apr 2007)pp209-224
=THEORY MODEL CHECKING REAL TIME MARKOV CHAINS PROBABILITY LOGIC asCSL
Logic + model design for verifying requirements that a given pattern of actions and states (and time limits) has a given range of probabilities.
Example requirement: the probabillity of entering a full state via a number of arrive actions within 5 time units must be greater than or equal to 99%.
Defines products of chains.
Cellular phone hand over model.
experiment with tool.

BaikBoehmSteece02

Jongmoon Baik & Barry Boehm & Bert M Steece
Disaggregating and Calibrating the CASE Tool Variable in COCOMO II
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V28n11(Nov 2003)pp1009-1022
=EMPIRICAL Bayesian STATISTICAL MODEL COST TOOLS COCOMO CMM
Proposes new rating scales for the quality of a CASE Tool and calibrates them on 15 projects.
New measures improved model by about 70%.
New scales: tool coverage(TCOV), Tool integration(TINT), tool maturity/user support(TMAT).
All 3 new measures are important.

Bailin89

SC Bailin
An Object-Oriented Requirements Specification Method
Commun ACM v32n5(May 1989)pp608-623 [ 63485.63491 ]
=IDEA OBJECTS ERD DFD Reality PURPOSE TECHNICAL SRS

Baines98

Robin Baines
Across Disciplines: Risk& Design& Method& Process& and Tools
IEEE Software magazine V15n4(Jul/Aug 1998)pp61-64
=EXPERIENCE PEOPLE ENGINEERING
Compare your software people's activities with other engineers in your company

Baker93ab

Steven Baker
Net Worth Column
Unix Review (Jun 1993)pp23-37 & (Jul 1993)pp25-34
=HISTORY STANDARDS MIME EMail Multimedia SGML richtext RTF

Baker97

Richard A Baker Jr
Code Reviews Enhance Software QUALITY [ICSE'97]
When technical managers reveiw their subordinates code errors drop by 40% at a cost of <2%. Like by those being reviewed - manager cares and knows our work.

BakerB07

Brenda S Baker
Finding clones with Dup: Analysis ofan experiment
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V33n9(Sep 2007)pp608-621
=EXPERIMENT TOOLS COPYPASTE DRY SOURCE Dup
Also see [BellonEtAl07]

BakerLevin83

Stephen Baker & Arnie Levin
I hate Meetings
Macmillan NY 1983 ISBN0-02-506370-7
= JOKES PEOPLE MANAGEMENT MEETINGS
Good explanation why people hate meetings.
Confirms purpose of meetings: too spread the blame/responsibility widely.
Chapter 8: good field guide to problem people from the chair's point of view: Speech maker, Yawner, Bottom liner, Devil's advocate, Early leaver, late-comer.

BalakrishnanFitzmaurice Kurtenbac.h01

Ravin Balakrishnan & George W Fitzmaurice & Gordon Kurtenbac.h
user interfaces for volumetric displays
IEEE Computer Magazine V34n3(Mar 2001)pp37-45
=ARTICLE NEW HCI 3D GRAPHIC hardware
pinch, twist, slice, & crush that display!

Balasubramanianetal95

V Balasubramanian & Bang Min Ma & Joonhee Yoo
A Systematic Approach to Designing a WWW Application
Commun ACM V38n8(Aug 1995)pp47-48
RMD::=Relational Managemnt Data (diagram) with slicing

BalasubramianEtal06

Krishnakuma Balasubramian & Aniruddh Gokhale & Gabor Karsai & Janos Sztipanovits & Sandeep Neema
Developing applications using model-driven design environments
IEEE Computer Magazine V39n2(Feb 2006)pp33-40 =DEMO MDD not MDA GME PICML ECSL DOMAIN MODEL LANGUAGES DSML
DSML::="Domain-Specific Modeling Language".
MIC::="Model-Integrated Computing".
Models replace programming languages, and each application domain has customized modeling languages.
GME:="Generic modeling environment", Vanderbilt University [ gme ]
PICML::="Platform independent component modeling language".

Baldwin92

Doug Baldwin
Using Scientific Experiemnts in Early Computer Science Laboratories
ACM 23rd SIGCSE technial Symposium SIGCSE Bulletin V24n1(Mar 1992)pp102-106

BaldwinChung95

Reid A Baldwin & Moon Jung Chung
A Formal Approach to Managing Design Processes
IEEE Coputer Magazine V28n2(Feb 1995)pp54-63
Process Flow Graph.... DFD like but with alternate refinements.

BaldwinHenderson02

Doug Baldwin & Peter B Henderson
The Importance of Mathematics to the Software Practitioner
IEEE Software Magazine V19n2(Mar/Apr 2002)pp112+110-111
=ESSAY MATH
Response to article by Robert Glass 2000.
Good School math correlates with good scores in freshman programming even tho' there was little explicit math in the programming classes.
Although programmers do not find much use for the calculus [Lethbridge00] , modest use of simple math combined with other good practices reduces defects [LarsonFitzgeralBrooks96] and/or bugs [PfleegerHatton97].
For more see [ relevance.html ]

BallCrawford99

Steve Ball & John Miller Crawford
Are Java Applets Independent Programs?
Dr. Dobb's n298(Apr 1999)pp101-104+105
=DEMO TECHNICAL JAVA RISK
Classwide fields are shared between all applets of a given type. Shows how to have one field per applet.

Ballanceetal90

Robert A Ballance & Susan L Graham & Michael L Van De Vanter
The Pan Language-Based Editing System for Integrated Development Environments
SIGSOFT'90 pp77-93
p85 Logic programming

BallEick96

Thomas Ball(mailto:tjball@bell-labs.com) & Stephen G Eick(mailto:eick@bell-labs.com)
Software Visualization in the Large
IEEE Computer Magazine V29N4(Apr 1996)pp33-43
=DEMO colored graphic technical source code

BallLarus00

Thomas Ball(microsoft) & James R Larus(microsoft)
Using paths to measure, explain, and enhance program behavior
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n7(Jul 2000)pp57-65
=SURVEY TECHNICAL GRAPH PERFORMANCE CORRECTNESS
maximal acyclic control paths. hot paths.

BalsamoMarcoInveradiSimeoni04

Simonetta Balsamo & Antinisca Di Marco & Paola Inveradi & Marta Simeoni
Model-Based Performance Prediction in Software Development: A Survey
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V30n5(May 2004)pp295-310 CR 0504-0464
=SURVEY MODEL QUALITIES PERFORMANCE 15 METHODS UML ALGEBRA QN Petri
Nearly all methods us UML and QN
QN::=Queuing Networks.
Most are highly automated and focus on software architecture and software design.

Balsters03

Hermann Balsters
Modeling database views with derived classes in the UML/OCL-framework
LNCS 2863 <<UML>> 2003 -- The Unified Modeling Language Oct 2003, pp295-309
=IDEA MODEL DATA VIEWS RELATIONAL DB RDB OCL
Introduces derived classes with names like /Emp2

Bamberger97

Judy Bamberger(bamberger@eaglet.rain.com)
Essence of the Capability Maturity Model
IEEE Computer magazine V30n8(Jun 1997)p112-114
=REPORT IMPROVEMENT CMM

BamfordDeibler93

Robert C Bamford & William J Deibler II
Comparing & contrasting ISO9000 and the SEI capability maturity model
IEEE Computer magazine v26n10(Oct 1993)pp68-70

BamfordDeibler03

Robert Bamford & William J Deibler
ISO 9001;2000:for software and systems providers: an engineering approach
CRC Press Boca Raton FL 2003 ISBN 0849320631 CR 0511-1193
=REFERENCE ENGINEERING QUALITY STANDARD

BanatreLeMetayer93

Jean-Pierre Banatre & Daniel Le Metayer
Programming by Multiset Transformation
Comm ACM V36n1(Jan 1993)pp98-111
Concurrent nondeterministic repeated local operations
GAMMA=General Abstract Model for Multiset mAnipulation
1. For Type T, n:Nat, x:T^n, bag(x)::= +(bag o x).
2. For Type T, B:bag(T), B:@T::={t:T||B(t)>0}. For T:Type, n:Nat, X:=T^n, reaction:=(@^X)><(T^X), RA:finite_set(reaction), S:variable(bag(T)),
3. Γ(RA)::=
4. do with(x:T^n, (R,A) :RA) (
5. x in R&S and S'=S-bag(x)+bag(A(x))
6. ).

Bandinelietal95

sergio Bandineli & Alfonso Fuggetts & Luigi Lavazza & Maurizio & Gain Pietro Picco
Modeling and improving an Industrial Software Process
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V21n5(May 1995)pp440-453
=EXPERIENCE PROCESS MODEL
when improving a process you need to check the official process against the reality. Also the official process may be described in terms that are ambiguous. FSMs and Petrie nets can be used to uncover ambiguities and iaccuracies in the official process. Further they can lead to the discovery of simple and effective improvements in the process.

BandiVaishnaviTurk03

Rajendra K Bandi & Vijay K Vaishnavi & Daniel E Turk
Predicting Maintenance Performance Using Object-Oriented Design complexity metrics
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n1(Jan 2003)pp77-87
=EXPERIMENT Object-Oriented METRICS MAINTENANCE EMPIRICAL ANOVA
Three metrics: interaction level (IL), Interface size (IS), and Operation Argument Complexity (OAC)
Two tasks, one perfective and the other corrective maintenance.
93 students 5 sections, GPA 3.5, 14 credits of CIS work.
tested for difference due to complexity, instructor and quarter.
Complexity had a significant effect on maintenance time.
Correlation indicates significant positive linear relations between each metric and maintenance time. But R^2 is only 12-25%

BaniassadEtal06

Elisa Baniassad & Paul C Clements & Joao Araujo & Ana Moreira & Awais Rashid & Bedir Tekinerdogan
Discovering Early Aspect
IEEE Software Magazine V23n1(Jan/Feb 2006)pp61-70
=IDEA ASPECTS REQUIREMENTS ARCHITECTURE
See [ http://www.early-aspects.net ]
An aspect is a property that cuts across the dominant decomposition.
In requirements, aspects constrain many scenarios.
In architecture, aspects cut across many views.

Bankeretal93

Rajiv D Banker & Srikani M Datar & Chris F Kemerer & Dani Zweig
Software Complexity and Maintenance Costs
Comm ACM V36n11(Nov 1993)pp81-94
Maintenance Time increased by larger modules & larger paragraphs & "bad" GOTOs

BankerKemerer89

Rajiv D Banker & Srikani M Datar & Chris F Kemerer
Scale Economies in New Software Development
IEEE Trans Soft Eng VSE-15n10(Oct 1989)pp1199-1205 [ TSE.1989.559768 ]
=THEORY ONESIZE
Argues work=a+size^b is false because b varies giving a "most productive scale size" that "varies widely accross different application environments"

BansiyaDavis02

Jagdish Bansiya & Carl G Davis
A Hierarchical Model for Object-Oriented Design Quality Assessment
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V28n1(Jan 2002)pp4-17
=EMPIRICAL QUALITIES METRIC OBJECT QMOOD C++ TOOL QMOOD++ MFC OWL MSWINDOWS FRAMEWORKS COOL
Evaluated a set of metrics of two frameworks (MFC, OWL) over several releases.
Ranked 13 COOL projects by hand and by QMOOD++ and found 0,4..0.9 correlation.

BanslerBoedker93

Jorgen P Bansler & Keld Boedker
A Reappraisal of Structured analysis: design in an organisational context
ACM Trans Inf Syst V11n2(Apr 93)pp165-193, CR9402-0096
=POLL THEORY VS PRACTICE SA/SD Yourdon DeMarco DFD
SA treats people as machines and so ignores errors creativity politics, assumes all problems have been stated, rational designer, separation of function from implementation
small survey interviewing successful SA/SD.
people use tools not the rules. DFDs and ERDs. prototypes, screen layout
Abstract:

Bar-David93

Tsvi Bar-David
Object-oriented design for C++
Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs NJ 1993
CR9312-0913 D.1.5

BarbierEtal03

Franck Barbier & Brian Henderson-Sellers & Annig Le Parc-Lacarelle & Jean-Michele Bruel
Formalization of the Whole-Part Relationship in the Unified Modeling Language
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n5(May 2003)pp459-470 Reviewed CR 0409-1078 and 0409-1079
=PROPOSAL Object-Oriented MODEL STANDARD aggregation composition whole-part bibliography UML OCL MetaModel OML OPEN Diamonds
careful philosophical analysis of semantics of whole-part. some confused "common logic" and much OCL.
Defines a new dotted diamond whole-part Relationship with specialization of aggregation and composition.
Introduces new stereotypes to indicate OCL constraints on the UML MetaModel.
Will it make it into UML4.0?
Correspondence
1. IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n11(Nov 2003)pp1054-1056
2. "On formalization of the whole-part relationship in the unified modeling Language" by Hee Beng Kuan Tan & Lun Hao & Yong Hang corrects discrepancies,
3. "Controversies about the Black and White Diamonds" by Frank Barbier & Brian Henderson-Sellers" responds by changing name of "antisymmetry", accepting new formula for "transitivity", and agreeing to minor correction in a proof. Regrets the absence of "scientific" review of UML specifications.

BarbosaCostaAlmeidaAlameida04

Marcello W Barbosa & Mellssa M Costa & Jussara M Almeida & Virgilio A P Alameida
Using Locality of reference to improve performance of peer-to-peer applications
WOSP'04 & ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V29n1(Jan 2004)pp216-227
=SIMULATION P2P NET PERFORMANCE DATA LOCATION QoS Freenet Gnutella
claims 20..30% decrease in latency with no added load on network by knowing which node might have the data.

BaresiOrsoPezze97

Luciano Baresi & Alessandro Orso & Mauro Pezze
Introducing Formal Specification Methods in Industrial Practice [ICSE'97]
need to develop special languages and notations fr each set of clients therefore a customizable system. Uses hypergraph grammars and kernel of petri nets

BaresiPezze98

Luciano Baresi & Mauro Pezze
Toward Formalizing Structured Analysis
ACM ToSEM V7n1(Jan 1998)pp80-107
=ANALYSIS STRUCTURED METHOD SA/RT
issues to be resolved before choosing a formal model for Hatley-Pirbhai SA for Real Time systems

Barjis08

Joseph Barjis
The importance of business process modeling in software systems design
Science of Computer Programming V71n1(Mar 2008)pp73-87 [ science $CR 0906-0558 ]
=ADVERT METHOD THEORY MODEL DEMO LANGUAGE-ACTION PETRI GRAPHIC ANALYSIS REQUIREMENTS SCENARIOS Keywords: Requirements specifications; Model checking; Business process modeling; Business process simulation;
DEMO::="Design & Engineering Methodology for Organizations", [ http://www.demo.nl/ ]
Special colored Petri nets show logic. Can be simulated to show clients what is possible.
Analyze business processes in terms of the language-action cycle as expressed as Transactions between parts.
Transaction::=Order; Execution; Result.
Order is a transition from initiator to executor. It sets up a contract for the executor to carry out.
Result is a transition from executor to initiator. It completes the contract.
Execution is executed by the executor and can initiate further transactions with others.

Barlas96

Stephen Barlas
Anatomy of a Runaway: What Grounded the AAS(Advanced Automation System)
IEEE Software Magazine V13n1(Jan 1996)pp104-106
Failure of a 10 year life-cycle at edge of technology at start with 99.99999% reliability and dynamic loose REQUIREMENTS [Barlas96a]

Barlas96a

Stephen Barlas
FAA Shifts Focus to Scaled-Back DSR
IEEE Software magazine V13n3(Mar 1996)pp110+114
[Hall96a]
[Barlas96]
[KlosterZellweger87]

BarnardPrice94

Jack Barnard & Art Price
Managing Code Inspection Information
IEEE Software magazine v11n2(Mar 1994)pp59-69
=EXPERIENCE QUALITY control of SQA

Barnesetal91

Bruce H Barnes & Terry H Bolinger
Making Reuse Cost-Effective
IEEE Software v6n1(Jan 1991)pp13-24

Barnhart95

Andy Barnhart
Let's Get Stupid
Software Development Mag V3n3(Mar 1995)pp63-67.
=ESSAY TECHNICAL
advantages for going for the obvious simple solution that works.
problems with inspired brilliant solutions.
The algorithm that suddenly starts to work when you are playing with it and you don't know why.
Documenting Magic.

Barnhart99

Andy Barnhart
Wrapping COBOL Business Logic in Java
Software Development Mag V7n10(Oct 1999)pp41-45.
=EXPERIENCE TECHNICAL COBOL JAVA GUI LEGACY
MARS UK RLSCOM Telco marketting cellular air time

Barrett87

Geof Barrett
Formal Methods Applied to a Floating Point Number System
Technical Monograph 58 PRG Oxford 1987
=EXPERIENCE PROOF Floating-point operations STANDARD

Barrett95

Geof Barrett
Model Checking in Practice: The T9000 Virtual Channel Processor
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-21n2(Feb 1995)pp69-78
=EXPERIENCE SQA INSPECTIONS MODEL CHECKING FORMAL NOTATIONS STD CSP Z English
Sometime implementation was correct when the spec was wrong
Easier to show what can happen than to show that something can not happen
Problem with notation(CSP) - "completely alien" to people used to STDs.
Quote: "Must base our tools on familiar notations and understand the obstacles...this means that visual specifications have to be used as much as possible."
Using multiple notations. STDs+Z+English.
Using checker for finite sequences.
Need an unusual combination of engineering, mathematical and programming skills

BarryStanienda98

Douglas Barry Torsten Stanienda
Solving the Java Object Storage Problem
IEEE Computer magazine V31n11(Nov 1998)pp33-40
=DEMO TECHNICAL JAVA JDBC ODMG persistence SQL

Basili90

Victor R Basili
Viewing Maintenance as Reuse-oriented Software Development
IEEE Software V7n1(Jan 1990)pp19-25
System Technical

Basili95

Victor Basili(interviewed)
Finding an Experimental Basis for Software Engineering
IEEE Software Magazine V12n3(May 1995)pp92-93
=ADVERT EMPIRICAL GQM QUALITIES EXPERIMENTS PROCESS IMPROVEMENT EXPERIENCE
The Software Engineering Laboratory
Goal/Question/Metric paradigm
QUALITY Improvement Paradigm
A separate Experience Factory
"The process is a variable to be manipulated"
"You can't just hand developers a tool or a method and walk away[...]be there as a resource,[...]supply cost models[...]types of defects[...]uncovering that class of defects[...]"
ISERN::=International Software Engineering Research Network.
Also see [Basili95a]

Basili95a

Victor Basili
The Experience Factory and its Relationship to Other Quality Approaches
Advances in Computers V41(1995)pp66-82
=EMPIRICAL QUALITY IMPROVEMENT EF/QIP vs PDCA:=Plan_Do_Check_Act + TQM + SEI CMM
Also see [Basili95]

BasiliBriandMelo96

Victor R Basili & Lionel C Briand & Walcelio L Melo
How Reuse Influences Productivity in Object-Oriented Systems
Comm ACM V39n10(Oct 1996)pp104-116
=experiment OMT Gnu C++ OSF/Motif
significant benefits in defect density rework and productivity

BasiliDonzelliAsgari04

Victor Basili & Paolo Donzelli &Sima Asgari
A Unified Model of Dependability: Capturing Dependability in Context
IEEE Software Magazine V21n6(Nov /Dec 2004)pp19-25
=CASESTUDY UMD TOOL THEORY QUALITIES DEPENDABILITY TSAFE
Jargon! Students simulate stakeholders?

Basilietal95

Victor Basili & Frank McGarry & Jerry Page & Sharon Waligora & Rose Pajerski
SEL's Software Process-improvement Program
IEEE Software Magazine(Nov 1995)pp83-87
=ADVERT SPIN SEL IMPROVEMENT
20 years: 75% fewer defect+50% reduction in cost+25% reduction in cycle time while complexity increased
understand; Assess&Refine;Pakage
significant changes come from Cleanroom and SQA techniques not PDL/Ada/OO.

BasiliMcGarryPajerskiZelkowitz02

Victor Basili & Frank E McGarry & Rose Pajerski & Marvin V Zelkowitz
Lessons learned from 25 years of process improvement: the rise and fall of the NASA software engineering laboratory
ICSE24(May 2002)pp69-79 CR 0406-0749
=UNREAD =HISTORY IMPROVEMENT NASA SEL
Need management & staff support + focus & data.

BasiliPerricone84

Victor R Basili & Barry T Perricone
Software Errors and Complexity: An Empirical Investigation
Commun ACM V27n1(Jan 1984)pp42-42 + Correspondence V28n3(Mar 1985)pp322-323 (with Richard J Botting, H Dieter Rombach & Richard W Selby)
=EMPIRICAL DEFECTS MODULE COMPLEXITY SIZE SEL CHANGES
New application means requirements change during the project.
New modules have different kinds of errors than changed modules.
Module size did not account for error proneness.
Intuition clashes with data.

BasiliRombach87

Victor R Basili & H Dieter Rombach
Implementing Quantitive SQA: A Practical Model: Guest Editor's Intro to theme articles
IEEE Software V4n5(Sep 1987)pp6-61
=EMPIRICAL QUALITY

BasinDoserLodderstedt06

David Basin & Jurgen Doser & Torsten Lodderstedt
Model driven security: from UML models to access control infrastructures
ACM TOSEM Trans Software Eng & Methodology V15n1(Jan 2006)pp39-91
=DEMO MDA MODEL SECURITY ASPECT RBAC SecureUML DIALECT Java JB2EE .NET
Extends RBAC using UML metamodeling.
RBAC::= Net{Users, Roles, Permissions: Sets. POSET(Roles, <=). UA:@(Users, Roles). PA:@(Roles, Permissions). AC:=UA o <= o PA.}.
A user u can execute action a iff u AC a.
Extend RBAC by adding a hierarchy of Actions.
Shows how to generate complex & secure code by translating a UML model with SecureUML profile.

Baskerville93

Richard Baskerville
Information Systems Security Design Methods: Implications for Information Systems Development
Comp Surveys V25n4(Dec 1993)pp375-414 (history of systems analysis ::=check lists; mechanical; abstraction)

BaskervilleEtal01

Richard Baskerville & Linda Levine & Jan Pries-Heje & Balasubramaniam Ramesh & Sandra Slaughter
How Software Companies Negotiate Quality
IEEE Computer Magazine V34n5(May 2001)pp51-57
=POLL MARKET TIME QUALITIES drive PROCESS ONE-SIZE
toad_code::= "working code that was developed hopping fast and is ugly"

BaskervilleEtAl03

Richard Baskerville & Balasubramaniam Ramesh & Linda Levine & Jan Pries-Heje & Sandra Slaughter
Is Internet-speed software development Different?
IEEE Software Magazine V20n6(Nov/Dec 2003)pp70-77
=COLLOQUIUM INTERNET WWW/net AGILE
Answer=YES!
Concurrent operation and development but no maintenance, fast releases, tools, customers in team, stable architecture, assemble and reuse components, evolve methodology, people!

GrafLormansToetenel03

Bas Graf & Marco Lormans & Hans Toetenel
Embedded Software Engineering: The State of the Practice
IEEE Software Magazine V20n6(Nov/Dec 2003)pp61-69
=POLL 36 INTERVIEWS EMBEDDED REQUIREMENTS ARCHITECTURE MOOSE ITEA UML
Hardware driven, top-down: system drives subsystem drives component. At each stage the previous architecture becomes a requirement in the next level.
Stakeholders ={manufacturing, maintenance, marketing(users/consumers)}.
Context = { Suppliers, standards, legacies, regulators }
Requirements expressed in text using word processors and templates. Informal diagrams. Use cases from the UML. Some sequence diagrams and domain models. Pre/post conditions in programming. Only one formal specification(in Z).
Managing changing requirements: spreadsheets.
Architecture: vs time-to-market. Creative.
Performance: design for maximum speed possible, hope, and test. UML popular with Visio and Rose. DFDs. ERDs. HatleyPirbhai.
Reuse: Ad hoc.
Memory, power and real time less prominent than expected.
Modern methods/technologies: vs legacy systems, are too immature and complex,

BassNordWoodZubrow06

Len Bass & Robert Nord & William Wood & David Zubrow
Risk Themes Discovered Through Architecture
=EXPERIENCE RISK ARCHITECTURE ATAM QUALITY
Tech Report CMU/SEU-2006-TR-012
ATAM::="Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method".
Lists 15 Risk Theme Categories: Availability, Performance, security, modifiability, integration, process and tools, requirements, allocation, documentation, Big Picture, Unrecognized needs, product lines, awareness, scope, coordination.
Claims 99 risk themes.
Reference to Boeing experience with ATAM and Charette's failure causes.
Relation to business goals.
Importance of "Performance" .
No evidence that risks are independent of domain. One size does not fit all.
Risks of commission and Omission. Omission more common.
Odd fact: security was always a risk of omitting to do something.

Bassett94

Paul Bassett
Reusability: You Reap What You Sow
Software Magazine(Sep 1994)pp110-109
1. productivity, quality, flexibility, performance, portability, standards, hidden complexity, compatibility, reduced maintenance, evloution of common parts.

Bastanied93

Farokh Bastani
Special Issue on Software Reliability
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-19n11(Nov 1993)pp1013-1118

BasterKonanaScott01

Greg Baster & Prabhudev Konana & Judy E Scott
Business Components: A Case Study of Bankers Trust Australia Limited
Commun ACM V44n5(May 2001)pp92-98
=CASESTUDY DOMAIN TECHNOLOGY USER COMPONENTS ARCHITECTURE MODULES Arcadia
B_T_gap::= "Business-Technology Gap", a clash of subcultures.
Important to get shared knowledge and resolve cultural values.
Give the business users the ability to assemble applications from a repository of components.
lessons learned:=following,
1. understand the gap.
2. understand usage patterns to minimize costly disruption.
3. leverage user skills.
4. Low profile and low hype.
5. involve the detail-oriented users and allow word-of-mouth diffusion.
6. long prototyping process.
7. Leverage technical skills vs use skills -- technical optimize, users work out script details.
8. Plan for reuse but not as a central focus. components evolve. user acceptance and buyin must come before reuse.

Batoryetal95

Don Batory(utexas) & Lou Coglianese & Mark Goodwin & Steve Shafer(Loral)
Creating Reference Architectures: An Example from Avionics
See [SamadzadehZand95]
pp27-37
=CASE-STUDY ADAGE REUSE GenVoca realms DOMAIN [BatorySighalSirkinThomas93] [BatorySighalThomasetal94] [ Batoryetal95.html ]
Gathering simple info was the most difficult aspect.
Twice the cost and effort of a single system.

BatoryEtal00

Don Batory & Gang Chen & Eric Robertson & Tao Wang
Design Wizards and Visual Programming Environments for GenVoca Generators
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V26n5(May 2000)pp441-452
=DEMO TOOL DSL ARCHITECTURE P3 DATA PERFORMANCE JAVA JTK
Containers and cursors, type equations, optimization NP-hard
[ schwartz ]

BatoryEtal02

Don Batory & Clay Johnson & Bob MacDonald & Dale Vov Heeder
Achieving Extensibility Through Product-lines and Domain-Specific Languages
ACM TOSEM Trans Software Eng & Methodology V11n2(Apr 2002)pp191-214
=CASESTUDY ASPECTS ARCHITECTURE GenVoca PLAs DSLS REUSE FSMs Java JavaSM
Features as first-class components that cross-cut across OO hierarchies

BatoryGeraci97

Don Batory & Bart J Geraci
Composition Validation and Subjectivity in GenVoca Generators
IEEE Trans Softw Eng V23n2(Feb 1997)pp67-82
how to verify composition rules and how to allow multiple interfaces to components

BatorySighalSirkinThomas93

Don Batory & Vivek Sighal & Marty Sirkin & Jeff Thomas<*@cs.utexas.edu>
Scalable Software Libraries [Notkin93] pp191-199
GenVoca [BatorySighalThomasetal94]

BatorySarvelaRauschmayer04

Don Batory & Jacob N Sarvela & Axel Rauschmayer
Scaling Step-Wise Refinement
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V30n6(Jun 2004)pp355-371 & ICSE 2003
=TOOL GENERATE CODE FEATURE REFINEMENT SWR AHEAD Gen Voca ATS JAX Java
AHEAD::= "Algebraic Hierarchical Equations for Application Design".
Refinements apply to many types of artifacts(eg. Java code, Makefile, ...) in a uniform way.
Artifacts treated as indexed collections (code=name<>->class, Makefile=target<>->action,...)
A product is described as a set of equations in terms of features and the code is generated automatically.
Two operations: A \dot B adds A to B. A \diamond B replaces items in B by matching A items.
meta-modelling: Options and product lines described as unindexed sets.
Origami::= Describe each concern in a separate equation.

BatorySighalThomasetal94

Don Batory<batory@cs.utexas.edu> & Vivek Sighal & Sankar Dasari & Jeff Thomas & Marty Sirkin
The GenVoca Model of Software-System Generators
IEEE Software Magazine V11n5(Sep 1994)pp89-94
1. Examples Genesis and Predator
2. P++ language on top of C++
3. abstraction encapsulation and parameterization
4. realms, components, parameters
5. components encapsulate classes etc
6. realms describe sets of components
7. components act as transformers of input classes into new outut classes
8. parameters for constants, types, realms, components,...
  Example: Data Structures in terms of containers, cursors, and links.

BaudryEtal05

Benoit Baudry & Franck Fleurey & Jean-Marfc Jezequel & Yves Le Traon
Automatic Test Case Optimization: A Bacteriologic Algorithm
IEEE Software Magazine V22n2(Mar/Apr 2005)pp76-81
=IDEA C# PARSER BUILDER VISITOR TESTING MUTATION EVOLUTION FITNESS
Nice use of patterns in the sample Component Under Test (CUT) a C# parser.
Need 30 generations to produce a set of tests that could kill all 500 mutants.

Bauer92

Henry H Bauer
Scientific Literacy and the Myth of the Scientific Method
U of Illinois Press Urbana Ill. QA175.B25 1992 ISBN 0252018567
=SURVEY SCIENCE STS SOCIAL PROCESS
not method but diverse error-correcting social processes.
jigsaw puzzle filter:=(human, frontier science, primary literature, secondary literature, textbook science, ...)
proponents haven't been good testers.
scientific knowledge is more like a map than a collection of facts
prediction is not proof but helps, if theory useful fitting inteqesting
includes innovation vs conservative
needs explicit enforced ethics
Compare [Lakatos76] on mathematics.

Baxter92

Ira D Baxter
Design Maintenance Systems
Commun ACM V35n4(Apr 1992)pp73-89
=EXPERIENCE MAINTENANCE DESIGN vs CODE
design deltas analysed(function, performance,...) and lead to implementation deltas,
Transformation Control Language(TCL)
Author sent me EMail... Quote from bibtex entry:

Bayes1763

T Bayes
An essay towards solving a problem in the doctrine of chances
Phil Trans Royal Society V53(1763)pp370-418
=THEORY PROBABILITY
Bayes approach to probability was to assume that the number represented the degree of belief a person had in the proposition.
He worked argued that a rational person would have to follow certain rules. For example is P(A|B) is the probability of A given that B is true, then
P(A&B) = P(A|B)*P(B).
He worked out rules for rationally reevaluating the beliefs as new data came in.
The heart of this is:
(Bayes)|- (Bayes_theorem): if H is a set of mutually exclusive events, and E some new evidence, then for h:H, P( h | E) =P( E |h )*P(h )/Σ P( E | _ ).

BayrakDavis03

Coskun Bayrak & Chad Davis
The Relationship between Distributed Systems and Open Source development
Commun ACM V46n12(Dec2003)pp99-102
=ESSAY OPEN SOURCE NONSEQUENTIAL PERFORMANCE OSD WWW/NET MARX MicroSoft W3C
Analogy: Higher speeds in distributed computation come from NOT controlling and coordinating them but letting them loose. allowing a degree of inconsistency to develop is often a way to speed up the result.
Tension between capital and craft..Close

BCS/IEE89

British Computer Society & Institution of Electrical Engineers
A Report on Undergraduate Curricula For Software Engineering
BCS London UK 1989
=CURRICULUM

Beale07

Russell Beale
Slanty design
Commun ACM V50n1(Jan 2007)pp21-24
=IDEA USER FUNCTION DESIGN
Slanty_design::= reduce functionality or usability to make unwanted behavior difficult or impossible. Image: slanty tops to stop people putting things on them.

BeauvaisEtal01

J-R Beauvais & E Rutten & T Gautier & R Houdebine & P Le Guernic & Y-M Tang
Modeling Statecharts and Activitycharts as signal equations
ACM TOSEM Trans Software Engineering & Methodology V10n4(Oct 2001)pp397-451
=THEORY TRANSLATION FSM statecharts denotation semantics Signal DC+ TOOL Sacres
Signal::language.

BeauxisPalamidessiValencia08

Ramain Beauxis & Catuscia Palamidessi & Frank D Valencia
On the asynchronous Nature of Asynchronous π-Calculus
Montanari Festschrift [DeganoEtAl08] pp473-492
=THEORY NONSEQUENTIAL BAGS QUEUES STACKS PI-CALCULUS
Proves that to get behavior equivalent to π[a] (Asynchronous Pi Calculus) you need a normal π calculus where communication is through buffered channels that act as buffers. Queues and stacks can not simulate all π[a] behaviors.

Beck99

Kent Beck(First Class Software)
Embracing Change with Extreme Programming
IEEE Computer Magazine V32n10(Oct 1999)pp70-77
=ADVERT =EXPERIENCES =HISTORY OBJECT-ORIENTED PROCESS METHOD XP
See book [Beck99b]

Beck99b

Kent Beck(First Class Software)
Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change
Addison Wesley October 1999
=ADVERT XP OBJECT-ORIENTED PROCESS METHOD
XP::="Extreme Programming", continuous analysis, many tiny (Analysis;Design;Implementation;Test) iterations driven by feedback from previous iterations.
Planning game, small releases, put what the user needs on 3 by 5 cards called user stories, metaphor as a collection of user stories, simple design(say everything once and only once),
programmers are always testing, customers also provide tests, merciless refactoring,
pair programming, continuous integration(within hours), collective ownership of code,
on-site customer, 40.hour weeks, open worksapce, Just Rules.
See [Beck99] and WikiWiki Reviews: [ wiki?ExtremeProgrammingExplainedEmbraceChange ]

Beck00a

Kent Beck
Emergent Control in Extreme Programming
Cutter IT Journal V13n11(Nov 2000)pp22-25
=ADVERT TECHNICAL PROCESS XP
XP :={ test first, planning game, short release cycle, pair programming, onsite customer, opn workspace, yesterday's weather, refactoring, continuous integration, collectiveownrship, simple once-and-only-once design, sane hours }.
control can be in the rules rather than embodied in person.

Beck01

Kent Beck
Aim, Fire
IEEE Software Magazine V18n5(Sep/Oct 2001)pp87-89
=DEMO TESTING first is ANALYSIS DESIGN SPECIFICATION
"Never write a line of functional code without a broken test case".
Ward Cunningham: "Test-first coding is not a testing technique".
Writing tests helps you understand the problem: analysis.
Writing tests described the logic of the design.
Hard to write GUI tests.
Claim that creatively lazy test-first coding tends to be more cohesive and less coupled -- because the interfaces tend to be minimized to saving typing: "intense feedback substitutes for the ability to guess right"
Test cases expose misunderstandings in pair programming.
Test cases document the all important answer to "What was this idiot thinking when he wrote this?".

Beck02

Kent Beck
Test-driven development: by example
Addison-Wesley Longman Boston MA 2002 ISBN 0321146530 [CR] 0308-0733
=TUTORIAL TEST REFACTOR DESIGN JUnit xUnit Python

Beck06

Kent Beck
Implementation Patterns
Addison-Wesley Pro, Boston MA, 2006 ISBN 0321413091 CR 0903-0209 Safari [ 9780321413093 ]
=THEORY PATTERNS Class State Behavior Collections Frameworks Performance TECHNICAL CODE = EXPERIENCE JUnit HotDraw
Lots of detailed advice on object-oriented coding.

BeckCunningham89

Kent Beck & Ward Cunningham
A Laboratory for Teaching Object-Oriented Thinking
OOPSLA'89 conf Proceedings ACM SIGPLAN V24n10(Oct 1989)pp1-6
=IDEA OBJECT_ORIENTED cards CRC_CARD
[ paper.html ]
Refers to [Wirfs-BrockWilkerson89]
1. CRC_Card::physical=index_card(4.inch><6.inch), available, inexpensive, erasable.
2. CRC::abbreviation="Class, Responsibility, Collaboration".
3. CRC::=Net{C:=class:name_of_component, R:=responsible_for:%Responsibilities, C:=collaborators:%name_of_component}.
  Walking through a scenario: tracing an "application assigning each activity to some component". each CRC card held by a different member of the team Often a cycle of What/Who questions: #(what_next; who_does_it).

BeckerMottay01

Shirley A Becker & Florence E Mottay
A Global perspective on web site usability
IEEE Software Magazine V18n1(Jan/Feb 2000)pp54-61
=THEORY USER WEB/NET DESIGN international
usability on the web ==> layout + navigation + consistency + customer service + reliability + security + performance + visible content

BeckwithEtal06

Laura Beckwith & Marget Burnet & Valenline Grigoreanu & Susan Wiedenbeck
Gender HCI: What about software?
IEEE Computer Magazine V39n11(Nov 2006)pp97-101
=EXPERIMENT USER GENDER HCI MALE FEMALE self-efficacy tinkering
Men & women use spreadsheet tools differently. Men like exploring features for fun but women with low self-efficacy want to use them to solve problems.
Do software development tools put girls off?

BedersonGrosjeanMeyer04

Benjamin B Bederson & Jesse Grosjean & Jon Meyer
Toolkit Design for Interactive Structured Graphics
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V30n8(Aug 2004)pp535-546
=COMPARISON Object-Oriented LIBRARY DESIGN INHERITANCE vs COMPOSITION Java Swing GRAPHICS Jazz
Piccolo Goal: an extensible structured graphics toolkit.
Have many shapes and can add new ones easily.
Jazz::= See http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/jazz/.
Piccolo::= See http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/piccolo/.
polylithic::design_styles="mainly using run-time composition to extend...". Many small classes, Easier to create but harder to use,
monolithic::design_styles="mainly using compile-time inheritance to extend...". Few large classes. Harder to create but easier to use.
(dick)|-Polylithic designs seem to use the GoF patterns.
(dick)|-perhaps use composition for explore the domain and then reify functionality into a stable product.

Beebe99

TeX User Group bibliography archive
=BIBLIOGRAPHY of mathematics+computing journals+magazines
[ http://www.math.utah.edu/ftp/pub/tex/bib/toc/ ] Nelson H. F. Beebe Center for Scientific Computing University of Utah Department of Mathematics, 322 INSCC 155 S 1400 E RM 233 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090 USA beebe@math.utah.edu [ http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ ]

Beer74

Stafford Beer
Designing freedom
London Wiley 1974
=ESSAYs RISKS Cybernetics NET/WWW

Beeson81

Michael J Beeson
Formalizing Constructive Mathematics: Why and How?
Constructive Mathematics Spring Verlag Lecture Notes in Mathemetics V873 pp146-190 1981
=THEORY FORMAL LOGIC
LPT::="Logic of Partial Terms"
Compare [Schock68] [Parnas93] [JonesCB95] and [PVS] LPF:=Logic of Partial Functions

BegayRauzy01

Diddier Begay and A. Rauzy
A realistic involvement of formal methods
Software - Practice & Experience V31n2(Feb 2001)pp191-208
=Type FORMAL HARDWARE VERIFICATION CTL SMV Aralia PVS

BehrendsStirewalt00

Reimer Behrends & R E Kurt Stirewalt
The Universe Model: An approach for Improving the Modularity an Reliability of Concurrent Programs [FSE8] pp20-29
=CASESTUDY NONSEQUENTIAL MODULES TECHNICAL OBJECT-ORIENTED
Problems with interleaving many threads through one piece of code. Hard to separate concurrency control from useful code, modularity damaged. multi-step synchronization uncheckable.
Objects in a universe and each universe can host at most one process at a time. No execution of code outside the process's universe.
realm constraints control movement of processes between universes.

BekkeringShim06

Ernst Bekkering & J P Shim
i2i trust in videoconferencing
Commun ACM V49n7(Jul 2006)pp103-107
=EXPERIMENTS VIDEO MEDIA USER PEOPLE RISKS
i2i::cummunication="individual to individual"
Videophones and videoconferences discourage trust because the camera is not directly behind the screen. If you look at the screen then you don't make eye contact with the person at the other end, and vice versa.
Result: people trust voicemail and E-mail more than video.
Cell phones and PDAs may not have this problem.
Solution: variation on the "Reagan sincerity machine" which lets you look directly at the camera while seeing an image on a screen (e.g. a script).

Bekic70

H Beki\'c (IBM Lab Vienna)
On the Formal Definition of Programming Languages
International Computer Symposium 1970
=CASE-STUDY VDL/VDM PL/I formal

BelagerEtal06

France Belanger & Weiguo Fan & L Christian Schaupp & Anjala Krishen & Jeanine Everhart & David Poteet & Kent Nakamoto
Web site successMetrics: Addressing the duality of Goals
Commun ACM V49n12(Dec 2006)pp114-116
=ESSAY REQUIREMENTS TAXONOMY METRICS WEB/NET PURPOSES OWNERS vs USERS
Success defined by owner goals + target audience.
Table p115 has 11 distinct types of goal.
Choose 2 sets of metrics: Owner vs user perspectives.

BelinaHogrefeSarma91

F Belina & D Hogrefe & A Sarma
SDL with Applications from Protocol Specifications
Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River NJ 1991 ISBN 0-13-785890-6 BCS Practitioner Series
=TEXT-BOOK SDL SPECIFICATION
a gradual introduction to SDL concepts illustrated by real examples (including an approach to X.25) together with an appendix with complete rules for use of the language.

Bell04

Alex E Bell (+ comment by Grady Booch)
Death by UML Fever
ACM Queue V2n1(Mar 2004)pp72-81
=JOKE HARMFUL UML
Lists a couple of dozen abuses of UML, including a classic "Circle the wagons" Use Case.

Bell08

Alex E Bell
Software Development amidst the whiz of silver bullets
=JOKE FADS XML UML OO WEB SERVICES
Commun ACM V51n8(Aug 2008)pp22-24 [ 1378704.1378712 ]
Names some previous failed fads.
Describes current (200n) fads.
Fads sound good but do not solve the real problems of software development.

BellSchmidt99

Alex E Bell & Ryan W Schmidt
UMLoquent Expression of AWACS Software Design
Commun ACM V42n10(Oct 1999)pp55-61 in [Booch99]
=EXPERIENCE DEMO EVOLUTION UML Boeing NMT ARCHITECTURE CORBA Ada
Notes value of the UML and some weak areas in the UML and need to improvise

BelliGrosspietsch91

Fevzi Belli & Karl-E. Grosspietsch
Specification of Fault-Tolerant Systems Issues by Predicate/Transition Nets and Regular Expressions -- Approach and Case Study
IEEE Trans SE v17n6(Jun 1991)pp513-526
Bullet proofing Technical

BelliniFioravantiNesi99

Pierfrancesco Bellini & Fabrizio Fioravanti & Paolo Nesi
Managing Music in Orchestras
IEEE Computer Magazine V32n9(Sep 1999)pp26-34
=DEMO MUSIC OBJECT-ORIENTED MOODS NETWORKED LANGUAGES HCI

BelliniMattoliniNesi00

P Bellini & R Mattolini & P Nesi
Temporal Logics for Real-time system specification
ACM Computing Surveys V32n1(Mar 2000) pp12-42
=SURVEY LOGIC TIMING RTL RTIL RTTL
WWW link to ACM Digital Library: [ p12-bellini ]
From Abstract:
The specification of reactive and real-time systems must be supported by formal, mathematically-founded methods in order to be satisfactory and reliable. Temporal logics have been used to this end for several years. Temporal logics allow the specification of system behavior in terms of logical formulas, including temporal constraints, events, and the relationships between the two. In the last ten years, temporal logics have reached a high degree of expressiveness. Most of the temporal logics proposed in the last few years can be used for specifying reactive systems, although not all are suitable for specifying real-time systems. In this paper we present a series of criteria for assessing the capabilities of temporal logics for the specification, validation, and verification of real-time systems. Among the criteria are the logic's expressiveness, the logic's order, presence of a metric for time, the type of temporal operators, the fundamental time entity, and the structure of time. We examine a selection of temporal logics proposed in the literature. To make the comparison clearer, a set of typical specifications is identified and used with most of the temporal logics considered, thus presenting the reader with a number of real examples.

BellinSimone97

David Bellin & Susan Suchman Simone
The CRC Card Book
Addison Wesley 1997 ISBN 0-201-89535-8 QA76.64 b437 1997
=HOWTO CRC Object-Oriented ANALYSIS PURPOSE SCENARIO CRC DESIGN CARD ROLE-PLAY TECHNICAL Smalltalk C++ Java UML MANAGEMENT

BellinzonaEtal95

Roberto Bellinzona & Maria Grazia Fugini<fugini@ipmel1.polimi.it> & Barbara Parnici<pernici@elet.polimi.it>
Reusing Specifications in OO Applications
IEEE Software Magazine V12n2(Mar 1995)pp65-75
1. IOOM::=Ithaca OO methodology.
2. F-ORM::=Functionallity in Objects with Roles Model. object--<view>--role-->FS.ELH
  Basic problm is identifying matching components.
3. Fuzzy matching against: verb-object, thesauri or semantic network ...., structures pairs Telos organizes knowledge in levels
  "Final document contains the set of graphical representations, the component documentation, and a trace of the steps."

BellLabs83

Unix Programmer's Manual
NY NY Holt Rinehart & Winston (2 Vols)
=handbook non-sequential tools pipe

BellNewell70

C Gordon Bell & Allen Newell
The PMS and ISP descriptive systems for computer structure
Proc AFIPS Spring Joint Comp Conf (??? 1970)pp351-374 [ PMS%20and%20ISP%20Descriptive%20Systems%201970%20c.pdf ] (PDF)
=IDEA HARDWARE DESCRIPTION PMS Processor-Memory-Switch ISP Instruction-Set-Processor
Also see [ BellNewell71 ] for details and examples of ISP and PMS.

BellNewell71

C Gordon Bell & Allen Newell
Computer structures: Readings and examples
McGraw-Hill computer science series circa 1971 ISBN 0070043574 TK7888.3.B37
=EXAMPLES 1960s =SURVEY HARDWARE DESCRIPTIONS Burroughs CDC DEC PDP Deuce KDF9 IBM SDS UNIVAC

BellonEtAl07

Stefan Bellon & Rainer Koschke & Giuliano Antoniol & Jens Krinke & Ettore Merlo
Comparison and Evaluation of clone detection tools
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V33n9(Sep 2007)pp577-591
=EXPERIMENT TOOLS COPYPASTE DRY SOURCE Dup CloneDR CCFinder Duplix CLAN Duploc
Also see [BakerB07]

Ben-AbdallahEtal97

Hanene BenAbdallah & Insup Lee & Young Si Kim
The Integrated Specification and Analysis of Functional, Temporal, and Resource Requirements [RE'97] pp198-209
=DEMO TOOLS REQUIREMENTS LANGUAGE
GCSR::language="Graphical communicating Shared Resources".

Ben-AbdallahLeue97

Hanene BenAbdallah & S Leue
Timing Constraints in Message Sequence Chart Specifications
See [ tr97-04 in msc ]
=REPORT SCENARIO TIMING MSC SPECIFICATIONS
MSC::="Message Sequence Charts"

Ben-ShaulHolderLavva01

Israel Ben-Shaul & Ophir Holder & Boris Lavva
Dynamic Adaptation and Deployment of Distributed Components in Hadas
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V27n9(Sep 2001)pp769-787
=DEMO TECHNICAL DISTRIBUTED DYNAMIC MODULE HADAS JAVA
Ways and means of allowing software components to be changed, moved, and remotely administrated.
Component interfaces have a fixed and a dynamic part.
Using reflection and introspection so that components can find out about each other -- but purpose and qualities are only described informally.

BenamatiLederer01

John Benamati & Albert L Lederer
Coping with rapid changes in IT
Commun ACM V44n8(Aug 2001)pp83-88
=POLL TECHNICAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT
Change is constant and is the most effective coping strategies are not applied.
Low cost learning is preferred.
Popular but ineffective: self education and bullying the vendor for support.
Unpopular but effective: consider new technology that is compatible with current, incentives to keep staff who know the new stuff, choose specific customized training not general informal education.
Review, think, plan, do, review, ....

Benbunnan-Fich02

Raquel Benbunnan-Fich
Improving Education and Training with IT
Commun ACM V45n6(Jun 2002)pp94-99
=SURVEY EDUCATION IDEA GRID
Education location><pedagogy><synchronocity.
location:= proximate..disperesed.
synchronocity:= synchronous..Asynchroonous
Pedagogy:=objectivist..Constructivist
Computer aided discussion etc makes no difference to mastery of topic(grades) but can effect what students feel.

BenlarbiMelo99

Sa"ida Benlarbi & Walcelio L Melo
Polymorphism Measures for Early Risk Detection
ICSE'99, Proceeedings of the 21st International Conference on Software Engineering (May 1999)pp334-344
=EMPIRICAL METRIC LALO Logistic Regression
relates measures of polymorphism with other metrics and fault proneness.
Polymorphism may increase fault proneness but not significantly. Static and dynamic polymorphism are similar. Both correlated to numbers of methods but not LOC.
See [BriandEtal99]

Bennett92

William S Bennett
Visualising Software: A graphical notation for analysis design and discussion
Marcel Dekker NY NY 1992

Benson93

David B Benson
Comparative Review of books on Category Theory for Computer Science
Computing Reviews V34n11(Nov 1993)pp577-579 (CR9311-0833)
=SURVEY CATEGORY Sets out a reading program.

Bentley84

J Bentley
Programming Pearls:Code Tuning
Commun ACM v27 n2 (Feb 1984) pp91-96
=CLASSIC BOOK optimization PERFORMANCE Technical

Bentley86

J Bentley
Programming Pearls
Addison Wesley Reading MA 1986
=CLASSIC BOOK case-study Technical
Also Knuth92

Bentley87

Jon Bentley
More Programming Pearls: Confessions of a Coder
Addison Wesley ma 1987
=case-study Technical

Bentley93

Jon Bentley
Do-It-Yourself Caching
UNIX Review V11n10(Oct 1993)pp95-104
=CAST-STUDY data performance case-study Technical

Berard89

Edward V Berard <sei!ajpo!eberard@pt.cs.cmu.edu>
Re: Attempts to connect SAD and OOPS
Software-Engineering-Digest/comp.soft.eng V6n37 & n40 & n42 Usenet/Internet 1989 + Personal communication(course notes 1989)
=CORRESPONDENCE object-oriented SAD Technical Semantic nets+STD+Petrie Nets

Berard93

Edward V Berard (Berard Software Engineering)
Essays on Object-oriented software engineering (vol 1)
Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs NJ 1993
ISBN0-13-288895-5 CR9502-0058(comparative)

BergClineGirou95

William Berg & Marshall Cline & Mike Girou
Lessons Learned from the OS/400 OO Project
Commun ACM V38n10(Oct 1995)pp54-64
=EXPERIENCE REQRITE OBJECT_ORIENTED OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE

BerenbachBroy09

Brian Berenbach & Manfred Broy
Professional and Ethical Dilemmas in Software Engineering
IEEE Computer Magazine V42n1(Jan 2008)pp74-80
=ESSAY ETHICS NAMEs DILEMMAS MITIGATION IEEE ACM
Named dilemmas
1. Mission impossible
2. Mea Culpa
3. Rush Job
4. Not My Problem
5. Red lies
6. Fictionware versus vaporware
7. non-diligence
8. Cancelled vacation
9. Sweep it under the rug
Proposes mitigation strategies.
Failures of the ACM and IEEE Codes of Professional Behavior.
Notes likely criminal behaviors: Negligent homicide, reckless endangerment, depraved indifference.
Ethical dilemmas tend to be yoked, chained, or coupled.... and this magnifies the damage.

Berghel01

Hal Berghel
The Code Red Worm
Commun ACM V44n12(Dec 2001)pp15-19
=ARTICLE RISK TECHNICAL CODE buffer overflow Microsoft IIS web-server DLL

Berghel05

Hal Berghel
The Two Sides of ROI: Return on investment vs Risk of incarceration
Commun ACM V48n4(Apr 2005)pp15-20
=ESSAY RISK PRIVACY SECURITY ETHICS PROFESSION LEGISLATION HIPPAA GLB SOX New 2000 legislation puts CIOs and CEOs at risk of prosecution for not making
systems secure. GLB::="Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999", privacy and security of nonpublic pers onal info .
SOX::="Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002", accountability
Also good description of [HIPAA]

Berghel06

Hal Berghel
Fungible Credentials and Next-Generation Fraud
Commun ACM V49n12(Dec 2006)pp15-19
=EXAMPLES FRAUD CREDENTIALS
Fungible: interchangeable and universal.
Better computers and printers allow the creation of a hard to doubt credential that can be used to get legitimate (but false) credentials.
Figure 2 lists some anti-counterfeiting technology.

Bergin01

Joseph Bergin <jbergin@pace.edu>
A Pattern Language for Initial course design
ACM SIGCSE Bulletin V33n1(Mar 2001) & 32nd SIGCSE Tech Symp on Cop Sci Education (Feb 21-25 2001)pp282-286
=PATTERNS EDUCATION PLAN
Abandon Systems all ye that enter here.
Need to Know
Early Bird: identify important topics early.
Spiral
Lazy Professor

Bergland81

Glenn D Bergland
A Guided Tour of Program Design Methodologies
IEEE Computer v14(Oct 1981)pp13-37 (reprint in Chow(Ed)84)
=survey Compares FD JSP DFD and Dijkstra Gries
Page 241 of Chou
Figs 43 and 44: Where is the Magic in the methods?

BerglandGordon81

Glenn D Bergland & ?? Gordon(Eds)
Software Design Strategies(2nd Edition)
IEEE Computer Soc Tutorial IEEE Cat No. EH0184-2 Los Angeles CA 1981
=survey methods DDD SAD

BerglandZave86

Glen D Bergland & Pamela Zave
Special Issue on Software Design Methods
IEEE Trans on Software Engineering SE-12n 2 (Feb 1986)
=survey object-oriented DAD JSD functional formal ADTs DFD

BergmanMoorNelson90

Merrie Bergman & James Moor & Jack Nelson
The Logic Book(2nd Edn)
McGraw-Hill NY NY 1990
text logic using Truth trees(Schema) in ch4 and ch9 and Natural deduction in ch5 and ch10

Berghel06

Hal Berghel
Fungible Credentials and Next-Generation Fraud
Commun ACM V49n12(Dec 2006)pp15-19
=EXAMPLES FRAUD CREDENTIALS
Fungible: interchangeable and universal.
Better computers and printers allow the creation of a hard to doubt credential that can be used to get legitimate (but false) credentials.
Figure 2 lists some anti-counterfeiting technology.

Berghel07

Hal Berghel
Better-Than-Nothing Security Practices
Commun ACM V50n8(Aug 2007)pp15-18
=ADVERT BTNSP SECURITY XP Browsers WiFi
BTNSP::= See http://www.berghel.net/btnsp/ Simple things that users can do to improve the security of their systems... Better than doing nothing.

BergstraPonseSmolka01e

J A Bergstra& A Ponse & S A Smolka
Handbook of process algebra
Elsevier 2001 ISBN 0-444-82830-3, review Tucker Computer Journal V45n1(2002)pp68-69
=UNREAD =Handbook algebra nonsequential CCS TCSP ACP Petri

BergstraTucker07

J Bergstra & J Tucker
The rational numbers as an abstract data type
JACM V54n2(Apr 2007)#7pp? CR 0808-0783
=UNREAD =THEORY ADT ABSTRACT DATA CONDITIONAL EQUATIONAL SPECIFICATION Lagrange
Notes [click here if you can fill this hole]

BerlingRuneson03

Tomas Berling & Per Runeson Efficient Evaluation of Multifactor dependent System Performance using fractional Factorial Design
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n9(Sep 2003)pp769-781
=STATISTICS PERFORMANCE PROTOTYPE TESTING ACCURACY ANOVA Pareto Iterative Careful choice of a few test cases applied to a prototype allows the evaluation of the effects of many factors on the targeting performance of a radar system.

BernardLaffite99

Pascal Bernard & Guy Laffite
The French Population Census for 1990
In [HincheyBowen99] pp15-42
=EXPERIENCE MATH Z B METHOD REQUIREMENTS GEOGRAPHY CENSUS
It worked as a process and a product.

Berns84

Gerald M Berns
Assessing Software Maintainability
Commun ACM V27n1(Jan 1984) pp14-23
=EXPERIENCE QUALITY TECHNICAL FORTRAN EVOLUTION TOOL MAT

Bernstein80

Arthur Bernstein
Output Guards and Nondeterminism in "Communicating Sequential Processes"
ACM TOPLAS V2n2(Apr 1980)pp234-238
=THEORY CSP non-sequential NON-DETERMINISM

Bernstein93

Lawrence Bernstein(attmail!l.bernstein)
Get The Design Right!
IEEE Software Magazine V10n5(Sep 1993)pp61-63
1. p 61: "...focus first on the problem domain and then on the implementation domain"
2. controlled, evolving and validated requirements
3. prototypes
4. p62:
5. nimble
6. pay attention to detail
7. visit the user
8. Setup operational profiles of expected use for performance analysis and scenario testing
9. p63: Write the specification after the prototyping and use a formal spiral-development program
10. "no tool will replace the skill and talent of the professional software designer."

BernsteinFitzGeraldMacdonellConcepcion05

Marc Bernstein & Kelly M FitzGerald & James P Macdonell & Arturo I Concepcion
AlgorithmA Project: The ten-week Mock Software Company
ACM SIGCSE Tech Symp Proc (Feb 2005)pp142-146
=EXPERIENCE 14.years EDUCATION PROJECT MAINTENANCE PEOPLE MANAGEMENT CSUSB CSCI488 RMT UML IEEE SRS

BerryKamsties05

Daniel M Berry & Erik Kamsties
The syntactically dangerous ALL and Plural in Specifications
IEEE Software Magazine V22n1(Jan /Feb 2005)pp55-57
=IDEA AMBIGUITY LOGIC LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION CS565
Words to suspect: "only", "all", "also", "each".
Use "each" when describing a property of the individual members of a set.
Use "all" for shared properties across a set.
Can use simple logic to clarify an ambiguity.
All the lights in the room have a single on-off switch.
Net
1. Each light has its own switch.
2. For all y:lights_in_room, one x: switch (x is on_off_switch_for y).
3. All the lights share a common switch.
4. For one x: switch, all y:lights_in_room (x is on_off_switch_for y).
(End of Net)
Similarly for plurals: "Students enroll in six courses" vs "Students enroll in hundreds of courses".

BersoffDavis91

Edward H. Bersoff & Alan M. Davis
Impacts of Life Cycle Models on Software Configuration Management
Commun ACM V34n8(Aug 1991)pp104-117

Bertolazzietal95

Paola Bertolazzi & Giuseppe Di Battista & Giuseppe Liotta
Parametric Graph drawing
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-21n8(Aug 1995)pp662-673
The Graph Server: digraphs not diagrams - no words or icons.

BertolinoMirandola04

Antonia Bertolino & Raffaela Mirandola
Software Performance Engineering of Component-based Systems
WOSP'04 & ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V29n1(Jan 2004)pp238-242
=IDEA QUALITY Performance MODULAR COMPONENT CB-SPE
Based on PTS RT-UML [OMG020302].

BertranAugeraud99

Frederic Bertran & Michel Augeraud
BDL: A Speicalized Language for Per-Object Reactive Control
[WileRaming99] pp347-362
=ADVERT LANGUAGE SYNTAX SEMANTOC OBJECT-ORIENTED NONSEQUENTIAL ESTEREL

BerzalCuberoMarinVila05

Fernando Berzal & Jean-Carlos Cubero & Nicolas Marin & Maria-Amparo Vila
Lazy Types: Automating Dynamic Strategy Selection
IEEE Software Magazine V22n5(Sep/Oct 2005)pp98-106
=DEMO TECHNICAL POLYMORPHIC TYPES C# .NET
Lazy types have a common interface plus varying attributes and strategies for handling the interface depending on what attributes are available.
Objects gain and loose attributes as the program executes, the methods adapt auto-magically to what attributes are present.
lazy_types_library::= See http://elvex.ugr.es/software/lazy/, -- proof of concept for .NET
Uses hidden factory pattern and strategy pattern.

BerzinsLuqi90

Valdis Berzins & Luqi[Sic]
An Introduction to the Specification Language Spec
IEEE Software V7n2 pp74-84 (Mar 1990)
formal

BerzinsLuqi91

Valdis Berzins & Luqi[Sic]
Software Engineering with Abstractions
Addison Wesley
Reading Mass.1991
CR9211-0842
(Spec & Ada)

BerzinsLuqiYehudai93

Valdis Berzins & Luqi[Sic] & Amiram Yehudai
Using Transformations in Specification-Based Prototyping
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-19n5(May 1993)pp436-452 QUALITY PURPOSE function
1. Transformations of specifications during a project.
2. Spec+DFDs
3. pp442-443 Software Process
4. p446 encapsulated user interface in module
5. pp446-447 requirements evolve
6. distinguish spec changes from design and implementation changes
7. p447inheriting from older specifications
8. p450 Distinguishing (and delaying) optimization decisions from functional requirements.
  pp458-459 distinguishing extention, contraction, refining, abstracting, relaxing, constraining by comparing Vocabulary, Granularity and Behavior.
  pp447-448: The derivation Lattice/poset to explain designs -- configuration management for specs?
  [Snelting96] [KramerLuqiBerzins93]

Berztiss88

Alfs Berztiss
Programming with Generators
Software - Practice and Experience V18n1pp73-81(Jan88)
=IDEA non-sequential Technical

Berztiss89

Alfs Berztiss
Formal Specification Methods and Visualisations
in Chang89 pp231-290
=SURVEY graphic DFDS ERDs(problems) JSD STD Petrie Nets Structure Diagrams

Berztiss90

Alfs Berztiss
Programming with Generators: An Introduction
Ellis Horwood Chichester UK 1990 ISBN 0-13-739087 CR 9211-0847
=MONOGRAPH Technical pseudo-concurrency

Betz95

Mark Betz
Building a CORBA Object Server
Software Development Magazine(Oct 1995)pp53-61
=ARTICLE TECHNICAL OBJECT-ORIENTED C/C++
IDL::=Interface Definition Language
ORB::=Object Request Broker

BeugnardEtal99

Antoine Beugnard & Jean-Marc Jezequel & Noel Plouzeu & Damien Watkins
Making components contract aware
IEEE Computer Magazine V32n7(Jul 1999)pp38-45
=THEORY COMPONENTS RELIABILITY QUALITY
1:IDL=syntax, 2: pre/post=behavioral, 3:synchronization, 4:quality-of-service

BeyerHoltzblatt94

Hugh R Beyer & Karen Holtzblatz
Calling Down the Lightening
IEEE Software Magazine V11n5(Sep 1994)pp106-107+113
=History Bricklin spreadsheet requirements design users
roadblocks to creativity::= separating requirements gathering from system design | products = list of features | FEAR(engineers talking to customers | people working together| new ideas |"it can't work")

BeyerHoltzblatt95

Hugh R Beyer & Karen Holtzblatz
Apprenticing with the Customer
Commun ACM V38n5(May 1995)pp45-52
=EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS
1. "sit by Nelly" and then ask questions
2. reveals: what matters, details, structure
3. events lead to discussions
4. master can transfer years of experience quicker
5. Then designer works out structure
  1. articulate understanding
  2. is there to improve work
  3. must have a specific focus
6. Beware
  1. other relationships: interviewer, expert, friend
  2. being abstract: things that are unsaid...ASK!
  3. polite ways of saying "no, you are wrong": "Huh?", "Ummm...maybe", "Yes, but..."

BeyerNoackLewerentz05

Dirk Beyer & Andreas Noack & Claus Lewerentz
Efficient Relational Calculation for Software Analysis
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V31n2(Feb 2005)pp137-149
=TOOL RELATIONAL LOGIC RML BDD TECHNICAL PATTERN JAVA CrocoPat
Faster recognition of patterns in class structures tested faster on real code: JDK AWT, Eclipse,... Than Prolog and MySQL.

Bhansali93

P V Bhansali
Survey of software safety standards shows diversity
IEEE Computer Magazine V26n1(Jan 1993)pp88-89
=SURVEY STANDARDS RISKS
1. UK MoD: Int Def Stan 00-55 (Formal)
2. UK MoD: Int Def Stan 00-56 (Hazard Analysis)
3. Instrument Soc America SP84(draft)
4. US DoD: Mil-Std-882B(Notice 1)
5. IEEE CS: P1228(Draft) (Safety plan)
6. Radio Tech Comm Aero/DO-178A
7. Int Elect Comm(industrial: SC 65A/WG9... EIA: SEB 6-A UL: UL1998(Draft)
8. FDA: Control of medical devices
  General
9. Identify and classify systems hazards
10. Identify system function allocated to software
11. Identify hazards related to software
12. Design to reduce or eliminate hazards
13. (sw and credible hw)
14. Implement SW
15. Verify hazards at acc level and no new hazards
16. Config management and SQA throughout

BhatGuptaMurthy06

Jyoti M Bhat & Mayank Gupta & Santhosh N Murthy
Overcoming Requirements Challenges: Lessons from Offshore Outsourcing
IEEE Software Magazine V23n5(Sep/Oct 2006)pp38-44
=CASE STUDIES 9 + THEORY RE Requirements SHARING TRUST
Problems in case studies can be avoided by success factors and best practices.
Success factors: shared goals, culture, process, and responsibility. Plus trust.
Lists best practices for people, process, and technology.
No technology to promote trust!

BhattiBerinoGafoorJoshi04

Rafae Bhatti & Ellsa Berino & Arif Gafoor & James B D Joshi
XML-based specification for web services
IEEE Computer Magazine V37n4(Apr 2004)pp41-49
=IDEA WWW SECURITY XML RBAC XUS XRS
RBAC::= "role based access control".
XUS::= "XML user sheet", credentials.
XRS::= XML role sheet.
etc.

BianchiEtal03

Alessandro Bianchi & Danilo Caivino & Vittorio Marengo & Giuseppe Visaggio
Iterative re-engineering of Legacy Systems
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V29n3(Mar 2003)pp225-241
=EXPERIENCE MAINTENANCE COBOL REENGINEER REFACTOR DATA
Compare mean time to maintenance request to estimated time to reengineer module.
Fig 4 has incorrect UML

BiancuzziWarden09

Federico Biancuzzi & Shane Warden
Masterminds of Programming: Conversations with the Creators of Major Programming Languages
O'Reilly Media 2009 ISBN 0596515170
=UNREAD =INTERVIEWS PROGRAMMERS PEOPLE CODING TECHNICAL LANGUAGES CSCI320
Please send me your comments [ contribute.html ] to see them here.

BicarreguiRitchie95

Juan Bicarregui & Brian Ritchie
Invariants, frames and Postconditions: A comparison of the VDM & B Notations
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-21n2(Feb 1995)pp79-89
=CASE-STUDY FORMAL LANGUAGES SPECIFICATION

BichlerLin06

Martin Bichler & Kwei-Jay Lin
Service Oriented Computing
IEEE Computer Magazine V39n3(Mar 2006)pp99-101
=ADVERT SERVICES NET/WEB WORKFLOW SEMANTICS QoS WSDL OWL-S ONTOLOGY SOC BSN BPEL BPML

Bidoitetal91

Michel Bidoit & Hans-Jorg Kreowski & Piere Lescanne & Fernando Orejas & Donals Sannella
Algebraic System Specification and Development
Springer Verlag NY NY 1991(Lecture Notes in CS V501)
=SURVEY =BIBLIOGRAPHY THEORY FORMAL ALGEBRA SPECIFICATION
Short!

BiemanKang95

James M Bieman(bieman@cs.colostate.edu) & Byung-Kyoo Kang
Cohesion and Reuse in an Object Oriented System [SamadzadehZand95] pp259-262
=EXPERIENCE OBJECT-ORIENTED REUSE C/C++ EXPERIENCE
New measure of cohesion for a class - degree to which methods use the same fields. Most classes a quite cohesive. Classes reused by inheritance most are clearly of lower cohesion.

BiemanKang98

James M Bieman & Byung-Kyoo Kang
Measuring Design-Level Cohesion
IEEE Trans Soft Eng V24n2(Feb 1998)pp111-124
=IDEA =EXPERIMENT DESIGN MODULE METRICS
DLC::="Design-Level Cohesion".
DFC::="Design-level Functional Cohesion".
IODG::="Input/output dependence graph".

BiemanOtt94

James M Bieman & Linda M Ott
Measuring Functional Cohesion
IEEE trans on Soft Eng vSE-20n8(Aug 1994)pp644-657
=THEORY METRICS MODULARIZATION COHESION

BiemanZhao95

James M Bieman(bieman@cs.colostate.edu) & Josephine Xia Zhao
Reuse Through Inheritance: A Quantitive study of C++ Software [SamadzadehZand95] pp47-52
Inheritance is used far less frequently than expected

BiemanJainYang01

James M Bieman & Dolly Jain & Helen J Yang
OO design patterns, design structures, and program changes: an industrial case study
17th IEEE International Conf on Sw Maintenance ICSM'01 ( 2001)pp580+ CR 0511+1249 [ ICSM.2001.972775 ]
=experience evolution object-oriented GoF patterns metrics
39 versions of evolving industrial OO software
Strong relationship -- larger classes were changed more frequently
Classes that participate in design patterns were the most change prone.
Classes that are reused the most through inheritance tend to be changed more often.

Biffl00

Stefan Biffl
Using Inspection Data for Defect Estimation
IEEE Software Magazine V17n6(Nov/Dec 2000)pp36-43
=EXPERIMENT DEFECTS INSPECTION ESTIMATION 200+students
Capture-Recapture model of number of defects vs number found by different numbers of inspectors.
Best to assume that different defects have different chances of being detected, but that inspectors are all equally likely.

Billingsetal94

C Billings & J Clifton & B Kolkhorst & E Lee & W B Wingert
Journey to a mature software process
IBM Systems Jnl V33n1(1994)pp46-61
=EXPERIENCE HISTORY IMPROVEMENT REQUIREMENTS QUALITY V&V PROCESS EVOLUTION
Shuttle Onboard Software System. See
[Oman94] [MaddenRhone84] [ Billingsetal94.html ]

BimboCampanaiNesi93

Alberto Del Bimbo & Maurizio Campanai & Paolo Nesi
A Three-Dimensional Iconic Environment for Image Database Querying
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-19n10(Oct 1993)pp977-1011 Graphics
1. strictly_after, after_with_right_adjacency, after
2. is_included_by with left_adjacency, includes with right_adjacency
3. includes, spatial-coincidence, isinclude_by, includes with left adjacent
4. before, before with left adjacency, strictly_before

Binder94

Robert V Binder(guest Editor)
Object-Oriented Software Testing(Special edition)
Commun ACM V37n9(Sep 1994)pp28-101
=EDITORIAL OBJECTS SQA TESTING

Binder95

Robert V Binder(guest Editor)
Scenario-Basesd Testing for Client Server Systems
Software Development Magazine(Aug 1995)pp43-49
SQA SCENARIO
cf Operational Profiles in Musa93(CLEANROOM)

BinkleyEtal06

David Binkley & Mariano Ceccato & Mark Harman & Filippo Ricca & Paolo Tonella
Tools-Supported refactoring of existing Object-Oriented code into aspects
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V32n9(Sep 2006)pp698-717
=DEMO TOOL MAINTENANCE REFACTOR ASPECTS
Has a useful list of refactorings which may or may not be complete.
The extract repeated code into an aspect: DRY.

BirdEtAl09

Christian Bird & Nachiappan Nagappan & Premkumar Devanbu & Harald Gall & Brendan Murphy
Does Distributed Development Affect Software quality? An Empirical Case study of windows Vista
Commun ACM V52n8(Aug 2009)pp- [ 1536616.1536639 ]
=EMPIRICAL DISTRIBUTED PROCESS QUALITY MS Vista
Little evidence that having a team spread over two continents gives worse code than being in the same building.
Size of team does have an effect.
(dick)|-They did not check to see if the distributed team compensated for distance be special processes or tools.

BisbalEtal99

Jesus Bisbal & Deirdre Lawless & Bing Wu & Jane Grimson
Legacy Information Systems: Issusesd and Directions
IEEE Software Magazine V16n5(Sep/Oct 1999)pp103-111
=DESCRIPTION EVOLUTION DATA LIS Chicken-Little and Chrysalys Strategies

Bishop90

Judy M Bishop
The Effect of Data Abstraction on Loop Programming Techniques
IEEE Trans SE-16n4pp389-402(Apr 1990)
ADTs non-sequential Technical

BishopP02

Pete G Bishop
Rescaling Reliability Bounds for a New Operational Profile
Proc ISSTA02 & ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V27n4(Jul 2002)pp180-190
=THEORY PROBABILITY FAILURE TESTING
If faults are removed as they are found by a fixed operational profile without effecting other faults and probability of a faults is constant with time T then P(failure per test | test number=T) <=N/(e * T) if there are N faults.
Reason: errors that are probable are found quickly, less probable once are less likely to happen.
This formula can be adjusted to allow for changes in the operational profile.
Results fit PODS TRIPV testing.

BishopWagner07

Matt Bishop & David Wagner
Risks of E-Voting
Commun ACM V50n11(Nov 2007)p120
=REPORT TECHNICAL SOURCE CODE REVIEW VIRAL RISKS SECURITY QUALITIES
The authors found buffer overruns, hard-coded encryption keys, dumb pseudo-encryption, dumb passwords etc. in all voting systems.
Federal tests did not disclose the flaws. Code review did.
Voting systems must be transparent.
Need for audits.

BitnerReingold75

James R Bitner & Edward M Reingold
Backtrack Programming Techniques
Commun ACM V18n11 pp651-656(Nov 1975)
=survey non-sequential optimization Technical

Bittner02

Kurt Bittner
Use Case Modeling
Addison-Wesley Longman Boston MA ISBN 0201709139 [CR] 0305-0414
=HANDBOOK USECASE USER REQUIREMENTS

BittnerSpence03

Kurt Bittner& Ian Spence
Use case modeling
Pearson Education Boston MA 2003
=HOWTO REQUIREMENTS USECASE
Synthesize understandable models of complex requirement details.
Communication, simplicity, stakeolders, write details, Good enough.
Dangers of relationships between use cases.
How to write abstract cases(with a "{hole}") and their specializations(with an "at{hole}").

BiZhao04

Henry H Bi & J Zhao
Applying propositional logic to workflow verification
Information Technology and ManagementV5n3-4(Jul wppr)pp293-318 CR 0605-0526
=UNREAD =THEORY WORKFLOW VERIFICATION LOGIC [click here if you can fill this hole]

Bjorkander00

Morgan Bjo"rkander
Graphical Programming Using UML and SDL
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n12(Dec 2000)pp30-35
=IDEA UML SDL DYNAMIC FSM/STD MODEL TECHNICAL GRAPHIC
p34:"Code is generally considered king, and the model as its poor country cousin."

BjorkanderKobryn03

Morgan Bjorkander & Cris Kobryn
Architecting Systems with UML 2,0
IEEE Software Magazine V20n4(Jul/Aug 2003)pp57-61
=ADVERT PORT INTERFACE ACTIONS EXECUTABLE MODELING UML2.0
Classes can have ports(square boxes on border). Ports have interfaces.
Ports can be behavioral.
Interfaces(lollipops) are either required (half circle) or provided interfaces(half circle).
Ports can be connected: required to provided interfaces.
Statemachines, interactions, and activities all can actions.
Actions can be given precise -- executable -- semantics.

Bjorner06

Dines Bjorner
Software Engineering 1, 2 and 3
Springer-Verlag NY Secaucus NJ ISBN 3540211497 CR 0802-0113
=UNREAD =ADVERT =EXAMPLES FORMAL DOMAIN MODEL REALITY RSL ABSTRACTION

BjornerGeorgePrehn99

Dines Bjorner & Chris George & Soren Prehn
Scheduling and Rescheduling Trains
In [HincheyBowen99] pp157-184 [ http://www.iist.unu.edu ]
=EXPERIENCE DEMO FORMAL SPECIFICATION PROTOTYPING PRaCoSy lightweight RAISE RSL C train dispatching

BjornerJones82

?? Bjorner & ?? Jones
Formal Specification & Software Development
Prentice Hall NJ 1982
=ADVERT VDM formal language Technical

Black95

George Black
British Government Puts New GUIs to the Test
Software Magazine (May 1995)pp82-84
=EXPERIENCE SSADM GRAPHIC USER GUI
UK Customs & Excise Dept.
SSADM (pre Vn4) not good for GUIs... using IEEE standards instead

Blaha04

Michael Blaha
A Copper Bullet for software Quality Improvement
IEEE Computer Magazine V37n2(Feb 2004)pp21-25
=EXPERIENCE 11 years DATA MODEL REVERSE ENGINEERING QUALITY SOFTWARE PRODUCTS
(1) how to grade a data base: ABCDF
(2) expects grade of data base to be related to overall quality of software.
(3) companies that do not allow there data base design to be reviewed automatically scores badly.
Give a good list of common data defects.
Figure 2 has a small UML error: switched multiplicities.

BlackEtAl09

Sue Black & Paul P Boca & Jonathan P Bowen & Jason Gorman & Mike Hinchey
Formal versus agile: Survival of the Fittest
IEEE Computer Magazine V42n9(Sep 2009)pp37-45 + Correspondence V42n11(Nov 2009)p6 by William Adams
=SURVEY RESEARCH AGILE FORMAL MODEL CHECKING Alloy X-Machines SMV CTL KeY
SEEFM2003::acronym="First South East Europe Workshop on formal methods", [ SEEFM03 ]
XFM::="eXtreme Formal Modeling", [ 1109118.1109120 ]
XFun::= See http://delab.csd.auth.gr/~bci1/SEEFM03/seefm03_03.pdf (PDF), Unified Process with X-Machines verified by model checking.
KeY::method= See http://i12www.iti.uni-karlsruhe.de/~key/keysymposium07/slides/haehnle-agile.pdf
Extend TDD by including static-analysis and theorem-proving tools to extend coverage. Example 97% of assertions checked automatically in SPARKAda toolset.
How do formal requirements handle creep?
Machine checked refactoring?
Parallelism: FDR and Coverity [ http://www.coverity.com/ ]
Speed and availability of tools: Rodin [ http://rodin.cs.ncl.ac.uk/ ]
and Deploy [ http://www.deploy-project.eu/ ] projects. Praxis [ http://www.praxis-his.com/ ] has SPARK toolset as open source.
Formal methods lite -- use math at the right times in a project.
Argues that the total cost (effort) for a project is less with up front work getting requirements etc. right.
Agility is not about speed but maneuverability. Producing the highest quality in each iteration/increment. Compared to RAD.
Controlling the technical debt.
No real conflict... given some mutual understanding.

BlahaPremerlaniShen94

Michael R. Blaha & William J Premerlani & Hwa Shen
Converting OO Models into RDBMS Schema
IEEE Software magazine v11n3(May 1994)pp28-39
=ADVERT OBJECT_ORIENTED OMT DATA
OMT is Figure A on pages 34-35 [Premerlanietal90] [PremerlaniBlaha94]

BlahaPremerlani98

Michael R. Blaha &William J Premerlani
Object-Orietented Modeling and Design for Database Applications
Prentice-Hall NJ 1997
=MANUAL OBJECT-ORIENTED OOA/OOD DATA UML BNF for Object Navigation Notation [BlahaPremerlaniShen94]

BlahaSmith02

Michael Blaha & Cheryl Smith
A Pattern for Softcoded Values
IEEE Computer Magazine V35n5(May 2002)pp28-34
=DEMO dynamic data types metamodel reflection
Moves in the opposite orientation to objects!
How to code an generalization hierarchy of attributes and values in data. : DescribedObjects and DescribedObjecTypes.
Data use to Model attributes, values, units, constraints, generalization, etc
Values include sources and dates: entry, effective, expiration.
Does not handle behavioral inheritance.
Each Value has a field for numeric datum AND string datum AND datetime datum. Constrained by ode so that only one is non-null!
All generalizations has a discriminator attribute.

Blank89

GD Blank
A Finite & Real-Time Processor for Natural Language
Commun ACM v32 n10(Oct 1989)
=DEMO DDD

Blaschek94

Gunther Blaschek
Object-oriented programming with prototypes
Springer-Verlag NY NY 1994 ISBN 0-387-56469-1 CR9502-0058
=DEMO Objects without classes! Omega for the Macintosh

BleisteinEtal87

Sandra Bleistein & Robert Goetge & Frank Petroski & Robert Wiseman
Capacity Management of Air Traffic Control Computer Systems.
IEEE Computer Magazine V20n2 (Feb 1987)pp73-83
=EXPERIENCE FAA AAS PERFORMANCE

Blikle77

Andrzej Blikle
Co-Routines and Networks of Parallel Processes
Proc IFIP 77 (North Holland Pub Co 1977) pp285-290. Also IRIA Raport de Recherche No 202 Nov 76
=THEORY LOGIC SEMANTICS REGULAR-EXPRESSIONS

Bliss42

Charles K Bliss
Semantography ( Blissymbolics) 2nd Edn
Semantography ( Blissymbolics), Sydney Australia 1942 [ http://www.semantography.com/ ]
=ADVERT GRAPHIC SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE GENERAL SEMANTICS RATIONALITY LOGIC
Explains BlissSymbolics.
Argues that Semantography helps spot crooked thinking and false arguments.
Bliss Symbols include all internationally agreeed symbols: Math, Chem, Music,...
Dictionary of symbols [ http://www.semantography.com/4/ ]

Blood04

Rebecca Blood
How Blogging Software reshapes the online community
Commun ACM V47n12(Dec 2004)pp53-55
=ANECDOTE SOFTWARE BLOG
Software tools change the way things are done and what words mean in powerful ways.

Bloom83

S L Bloom
Algebraic Solution of a System of Recursion Equations in Infinite Trees Other Contraction Theories
Journal of Computer & System Science 1983 pp225-255
=THEORY TOPOLOGY

BloomBEtal00

Bard Bloom & Jim Russell & John Vlissides & Mark Wegman
High-level Program Development
Dr. Dobbs Special Report (Dec 2000)pp17-2
=ADVERT TOOLs IBM DOMAIN MODEL WORKFLOW vs PERFORMANCE
Enterprise Builder, Hyper/J, Dynamic Application Partitioning (DAP)

BloomChengDsouza97

Bard Bloom & Allan Cheng & Ashvin Dsouza
Using a Protean Language to Enhance expresiveness in Specifications
IEEE Trans Softw Eng VSE23n4(Apr 1997)pp224-234
Using structural Operational semantics to construct and extend specification languages including CCS Z Petri nets. GSOS Simple BDD-based model checking. philosphers & lifts

BloomEsik93

Stephen L Bloom & Zoltan Esik
Iteration Theories: Equational Logic of Iterative Processes
EATCS monographs on Theoretical Computer Science Springer Verlag NY NY 1993 ISBN 0-387-56378-4 CR9505-0287 630 pages $109.00 Hardcover
=MATHEMATICAL LOGIC ALGEBRA SEMANTICS

BloomfieldFroome86

R E Bloomfield & P K D Froome
The Application of Formal Methods to the Assessment of High Integrity Software
IEEE Trans SE-12n9 (Sep 1986)pp988-993
=CASE-STUDY Prolog VDL QUALITY

Blum87

Bruce I Blum
A Paradigm for Developing Information Systems
IEEE Trans Soft Eng VSE-13n4(Apr 1987)pp432-439
=ADVERT DATA METHOD TEDIUM
TEDIUM: all info about application is in data base(ADB) and product is generated automatically from database(FAP)
Experiences: Used John Hopkins since 1980
Demo on COCOMO example shows strong productivity increase(time ten times less!)

Blum92

Bruce I Blum
Software Engineering: A Holistic View
Oxford University Press London UK 1992 ISBN 0-19-507159-X $50 pp588
Very positive reveiw by Dave Hurley(U Pittsburg) p113 IEEE Software Magazine July 1993 (RS100). Moderate review by Vaclav Rajlich(Wayne State U) p102 IEEE Computer Aug 1994

Blum94

Bruce I Blum
A Taxonomy of Software Development Methods
Commun ACM V37n11(Nov 1994)pp82-94 CR9602-0143
history(pp84-90) methods

Blum95

Bruce I Blum
Beyond Programming to a New Era of Design
Oxford University Press 1995
ISBN 0-19-509160 $40 CR9610-0771 reccommended in IEEE Software Mag July/Aug 1995
=IDEA POSTMODERN

Blythetal90

David Blyth & Cornella Boldyreff & Clive Ruggles & Nik Tetteh-Lartey
The Case for Formal Methods in Standards
IEEE Software V7n5(sep 1990)

Boasson93

Maarten Boasson<boasson@hgl.signaal.nl>(Thomson)
Exploding Complexity may be our own Fault(Insider Column)
IEEE Software(Mar 1993)p12.

Bochenski89

B Bochenski
Importance of Optimization
Software Magazine (Nov 1989) p79(Box)
=IDEA data QUALITY

Bochmann88

Gregor von Bochmann
Delay-Independent Design for Distributed Systems
IEEE Trans Soft Eng VSE-14n8(Aug 1988)pp1229-1237
=THEORY non-sequential STD/FSM timing theory
regularity::=removing delays leads to equivalent states

BochmannVerjus87

Gregor von Bochmann & J P Verjus
Some Comments on "Transition-Oriented" Versus "Structured" Specification of Distributed Algorithms and Protocols
IEEE Trans Soft Eng VSE-13n4(Apr 1987)pp501-505
=ESSAY reinvents JSP inversion in context of LOTOS SDL Estelle etc NONSEQUENTIAL

Bock03

Conrad Bock
UML without Pictures
IEEE Software Magazine V20n5(Sep/Oct 2003)pp33-
=DEMO MODEL REPOSITORY UML2.0 SEMANTICS COMPILATION ACTIVITY
Shows how a C++ function is represented by an activity diagram and by collection of objects (mini data base)that model the diagram -- a repository

Bock05

Conrad Bock
UML 2 Activity and Action Models Part 6: Structured Activities
JOT V4n3(May-Jun 2005) [ column4 ]
=HOWTO UML2.0 STRUCTURE ACTIVITY interrupts exceptions REPOSITORY MODEL

BockleClemensMcGregorMuthigSchmid04

G|nter Bvckle & Paul Clemens & John D McGregor & Dirk Muthig & Klaus Schmid
Calculating ROI for Software product lines
IEEE Software Magazine V21n3(May/Jun 2004)pp23-31
=DIALOG MATHEMATICS COSTS REUSE

Boddie87

John Boddie
Crunch Mode
Yourdon Press/Prentice Hall NJ 1987
=HANDBOOK lifecycle SAD PURPOSE QUALITY

BodinGordonLoeb05

Lawrence D Bodin & Lawrence A Gordon & Martin P Loeb
Evaluating information security using the analytic hierarchy process
Commun ACM V48n2(Feb 2005)pp79-83
=ADVERT AHP SECURITY QUALITIES TRADEOFFS COTS DECISIONS
AHP [Saaty80]

BodolfKingBen-Menachem05

David Bodolf & Patrick C K King & Mordechai Ben-Menachem
Web Metadata Standards: Observations and Prescriptions
IEEE Software Magazine V22n1(Jan /Feb 2005)pp78-85
=ESSAY WEB STANDARDS METADATA ONTOLOGIES AI Table 1 page 80: List of standards: ebXML, CPP, WSDL, UDDI, SOAP, WS-Security, P3P, DC, CIMI, OWL. Suggests
1. Don't ignore testing, SQA and other long standing problems.
2. Don't target a standard at too many purposes/uses.
3. To find things may need meta-meta-data. Need tools to support search and navigation through classifications and thesau rus hierarchies.
4. Don't add useless indexing. Don't work at too high a level and allow too much freedom at more concrete lev els. Conventional ontologies should be limited to narrow domains until more reliable methods to develop ontologies are developed.

Boegh08

Jorgen Boegh
A New Standard for Quality Requirements
IEEE Software Magazine V25n2(MAr/Apr 2008)pp60-
=STANDARD QUALITIES MANAGEMENT MODEL MEASUREMENT REQUIREMENTS EVALUATION ISO/IEC 25030 SQuaRE
ISO 9126 Quality model{ {External, Internal}><{Functionality, Reliability, Usability, Maintainability, Portability}, Quality in Use {Effectiveness, Productivity, Safety, satisfaction }}
Distinguish: computer system, mechanical part, Human process.
Computer system: hardware, software, and data -- all with qualities.
Stakeholder needs ->(definition)->Stakeholder requirements ->(Analysis)-> System Requirements.
Many more details...

Boehm80a

Barry Boehm
Software engineering - as it is
See FreemanLewis80 pp 149-179
=survey

Boehm80b

Barry Boehm
Software Engineering Economics
Prentice Hall International 1980
=TEXT QUALITY ENGINEERING costs

Boehm87

Barry Boehm
Industrial Software Metrics Top Ten List
IEEE Software V4n5(Sep 1987)pp84-85
=EXPEREINCE QUALITY

Boehm96

Barry Boehm(USC)
Helping students Learn Requirements Engineering(abstract)
Preliminary program conf on Softw Eng Education April 1996
=EDUCATION REQUIREMENTS
"Many software engineering courses (and methods) begin with an assumption that software requirements are presented to software engineers in a complete
consistent
feasible
testable
and traceable form
and that the software engineer's main job is to correctly transform the requirements into code. This is generally an unhealthy approach
as the requirements for virually alll significant software products are to some degree unknown
unknowable
or the results of compromises requiring the software engineer's participation and expertise."

Boehm99

Barry Boehm(USC)
Making RAD Work for Your Project
IEEE Computer V32n3(Mar 1999)pp113-114+117
=ESSAY Types of RAD: DRAD(Bumb RAD=deathmarch).. SAIV(Schedule as Independent Variable) etc etc. See USC-CSE-99-512 on [ electronicopy.html ] for PDF formatted extended version

Boehm00

Barry Boehm
Unifying Software Engineering and Systems Engineering
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n3(Mar 2000)pp114-116
=IDEA SYSTEMS QUALITY determine ARCHITECTURE + COST REQUIREMENTS should be part of SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Boehm00

Barry Boehm
Requirements that handle IKIWISI, COTS, and rapid change
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n7(Jul 2000)pp99-102
=ESSAY REQUIREMENTS EVOLUTION INFORMATION HIDING INCREMENTAL
IKIWISI::=I'll know it when I see it.
p99: "requirements tend to emerge with continued use".
COTS, p99: "capailities determine the requirements".
WWW change "an impossible to win game of catch-up".
p100: "avoid one-size-fits-all approaches to requirements".
new kindsof requirements: value-driven, sared-vision, change-driven, and risk driven.
benefits vs schedule, business consequences and assumptions, require some room for likely changes like addin low priority needs, in orout? -- minimize the risk.

Boehm00a

Barry Boehm
Project Termination doesn't Equal Project Failure
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n9(Sep 2000)pp94-96
=ESSAY SURVEY PROCESS RISK
Competitive edge means risk. "You shouldn't expect all your risky projects to succed."
manage your products.
manage risk with incremental commitment.
use architecture reviews, feasibillty rationales.
monitor assumptions.
Standish Group reported in 1995 [ chaos.htm ] that 31.1% of projects get cancelled before completion .
Hayes97, computerworld nov 3 1997, managing user expectations.

Boehm00b

Barry Boehm
Safe and Simple software cost analysis
IEEE Software Magazine V17n5(Sep/Oct 2000)pp14-17
=ADVERT COCOMO II ESTIMATING COST
tables diagrams and examples. Pointers to tools.

Boehm02

Barry Boehm
Get Ready for Agile Methods, with Care
IEEE Computer Magazine V35n1(Jan 2002)pp64-69
=IDEA XP AGILE adaptive risk-driven plandriven CMM
Presents a spectrum of processes from Hacking to Inch-pebble ironbound contract. XP is the limit of th CMM range.
Agile processes must have involved clientele. Plan-driven must have stable requirements.
There exist requirements that break architectures.
Shows graphs of risk exposure vs amount of planning for different losses that have to be traded-off at a sweet spot.
For L:loss, risk_exposure(l)::=P[L] * size(L).

Boehm08

Barry Boehm
Making a Difference in the Software Century
IEEE Computer Magazine V41n3(Mar 2008)pp32-38
=ESSAY IDEAS ACRONYMIC CATCHPHRASES ONESIZE OSUFA BITAR IKIWISI DAVAS SISOS TANIA
Rapid change vs
THWADI::="Thats How We've Always Done It".
Uncertainty and Emergence. Cone of Uncertainty. [Armour08]
BITAR::="Buy Information To Avoid Risk", Do extra things to reduce uncertainty. Tackle risks early.
IKIWISI::="I'll know it when I see it". So Iterate.
Dependability
DAVAS::="Dependability As Value Assured to Stakeholders". Example of conflicting values in a well known failed project.
Diversity.
OSUFA::="One Size Fits All". Culture makes a difference in the adoption of process standards.
SISOS::="Software Intensive Systems of Systems". OSUFA leads to failure
Interdependence.
TANIA::="There Are No Islands Anymore". No part of a system or of a process is isolated.
Figure 5, p36: Activities >< Phases >-> Level_of_activity, CF RUP.
SISOS need more time for Architecture and Risks.

BoehmBasili00

Barry Boehm & Victor R Basili
Gaining intellectual control of Software Development
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n5(May 2000)pp27-33
=ESSAY RESEARCH PLANNING PITAC NSF AESOP COTS PEOPLE SCIENCE ENGINEERING
President's information technology advisory committee
Report on two workshops.
great software depends on more than good engineering or just good technology.
need to study rea,l projects and compare successes and failures.
confusing table mapping dependencies of key challenges on software eng technologies and these technologies on underlying science.
need for domain science!

BoehmBhuta08

Barry Boehm & Jesal Bhuta
Balancing Opportunities and Risks in Component-based software development
IEEE Software Magazine V25n6(Nov/Dec 2008)pp56-63
=IDEA =EXAMPLE JPL PROCESS INCREMENTAL COMMITMENT ITERATION RISKs STAKEHOLDERS
ICM::acronym="Incremental Commitment Model",
ICM::lifecycle=exploration; valuation; foundations; develeopment & foundations; do(Operations & Development & Foundations ).
Mentions example of an architectural mismatch leading to a 4 times over-run, taking 5 person-years rather than 1.

Boehmetal97

Barry Boehm & Alex Egyed & Julie Kwan & Ray Madachy
Developing Multimedia Applications with the WinWin Spiral Model
[JazayeriSchauer97] pp20-39
=DEMO PROCESS TOOLs
students develop multimedia systems for USC library in 11 weeks
key milestones=life_cycle_objectives life_cycle_architecture initial_operational_capability.

BoehmHuang03

Barry Boehm & Li Guo Huang
Value-Based Software Engineering: A case Study
IEEE Computer Magazine V36n3(Mar 2003)pp33-41
=CASESTUDY ECONOMIC REQUIREMENTS PROCESS ESTIMATING AGILE FEEDBACK
Software can/does fail because of business non-technical value errors. See [ http://www.standishgroup.com ] CHAOS report.
Need to track the business value of all tasks performed and needed and use this to adjust plans.
initiative #(->cause_effect) ->assumptions
EDSER::="Economics-Driven Software Engineering Research", [ http://www.edser.org ]

BoehmHuangJainMadachy04

Barry Boehm & LiGuo Huang & Apurva Jain & Ray Madachy
The ROI of Software Dependability: The iDAVE Model
IEEE Software Magazine V21n3(May/Jun 2004)pp54-61
=CASESTUDY COCMO RELIABILITY ECONOMICS COQUALMO MTBF NASA OrderProcessing
iDAVE::="information Dependability Attribute Value Estimation".
Estimates the rate of introduction and removal of defects and the effect on the MTBF.
MTBF::="Meantime before Failure",
MTTR::="Meantime to Repair".
MTBF and MTTR leads to Availability.
Availability changes Benefit.
Hence ROI.
Does not quantify risks such as loss of life and reputation.

BoehmIn96

Barry Boehm & Hoh In(USC)
Identifying Quality-Requirement Conflicts
IEEE Software magazine V13n3(Mar 1996)pp25-35
=ADVERT TOOL QUALITY conflicts
QARCC Knowledge-based groupware tool WinWin Stakeholders--<quality attributes<>-<>Techniques

BoehmPapaccio88

Barry W Boehm & Philip N Papaccio
Understanding and Controlling Software Costs
IEEE Trans Soft Eng VSE-14n10(Oct 1988)pp1462-1477
=IDEA spiral model+value chain+oportunity tree COST
Conclude: important & contolling cost means controlling quality & less new code by best people with little rework and integrated support environment

BoehmPortAl-Said00

Barry Boehm & Dan Port & Mohammed Al-Said
Avoiding the Software Model-Clash Spider-web
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n11(Nov 2000)pp120-122
=IDEA SUCCESS MODELS PQRST Mbase stake holders Master Net
Stakeholder := user | acquirer | developer | maintainer | ... | public.
Each stake holder has a different model of what is needed.
Each model is a set of assumptions.
Classified as process, product, property, and success.
Could use purpose, qualities, techniques, team, etc .
Clashes can occur between and within different stakeholder models.
Has been used two diagnose problems quickly in large and small projects.
interesting spider-web diagram on p121.
Mbase::= See http://sunset.usc.edu/research/MBASE.

BoehmTurner03a

Barry Boehm & Richard Turner
Using Risk to Balance Agile and Plan-Driven Methods
IEEE Computer Magazine V36n6(Jun 2003)pp57-66
=ADVERT one-size situation risk process agile vs planned anchor mbase rup xp spiral modules
Based on book by same authors... [BoehmTurner03b].
Sidebar pp58-59: defines home grounds for agile and plan-based processes plus five critical factors: size, criticality, dynamism, personnel, and culture. Kiviat style polar chart.
sidebar p60:misquotes Cockburn03. 3 levels of skill.
figure 1 p60. idea: if situation does not fit either agile or planned then architect the project into agile and planned parts.
p63: can focus testing on the high-risk parts.
fig 4 p65: 3 kinds of risk: environmental, agile, plan-driven. ranges: minimal..showstopper.

BoehmTurner03

Barry Boehm & Richard Turner
Balancing agility and Discipline: A guide for the perplexed
Addison-Wesley Longman Boston MA 2003 ISBN 0321186125
=UNREAD =SYNTHESIS AGILE ONESIZE CR 0410-1130
Avertized in [BoehmTurner03a].

BoehmTurner05

Barry Boehm & Richard Turner
Management Challenges to Implementing Agile Processes in Traditional Development Organizations
IEEE Software Magazine V22n5(Sep/Oct 2005)pp30-39 =REPORT WORKSHOP Management Agile vs Traditional People Organizations Culture
p34. Sidebar lists 8 nonproblems + 10problems due to size/scope + 18 significant issues.
Authors make suggestions.

Bogart91

Kenneth P Bogart
An Obvious Proof of Burnside's Lemma
American Math Monthly V98n12(Dec 1991)pp927-928
"a function f from set S to a set T defines a multiset of size |S| chosen from T in which the multiplicity of t ∈ T is the number of s ∈ S with f(s)=t" =map[t:T]|/f(t)| = /f; Card= Card o /f. +(Card o /f)=Card o dom(f).

Bohlen02

Boris Bohlen & Dirk Jager & Ansgar schleicher
UPGRADE: building interactive tools for visual languages
[SCI2002] V1(Jul 2002)
=EXPERIENCE VISUAL GRAPHIC TOOLS

BohmJacopini66

Corrado Bohm & Giuseppe Jacopini
Flow Diagrams, Turing Machines, and Languages with only Two Formation Rules
Commun ACM V9n5(May 1966)pp366-71 [ 355592.365646 ]
=THEORY Structured programming technical sequential proof
The key paper that allowed structured programming to take off.
(BohmJacopini)|-All programs can be reprogrammed using sequence, selection, and iteration and no other structures.

BojicEtal04

Dragan Bojic & Thomas Eisenbarth & Rainer Koschke & Daniel Simon & Dusan Velasevic
Addendum to "Locating Features in Source Code"
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V30n2(Feb 2004)p140
=SURVEY CONCEPT ANALYSIS
Ball: tests vs parts of programs to help testing.
BojicVelaseic: usecase vs parts of programs refactoring in UML.
EisenbarthKosckeSimon: scenarios vs functional blocks to aid traceability

BojicVelasevic00

Dragan Bojic & Dusan Velasevic
Reverse Engineering of Use Case Realizations in U ML
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering notes V25n4(Jul 2000)pp56-61
=IDEA VisualC++ TEST profiling LOGIC DA-C
use concept analysis to convert profiles of test executions into lattices of use-cases

Bokowski99

Boris Bokowski
CoffeeStrainer: Statically-checked Constraints on the Definition and use of Types in Java
ESEC/FSE'99 SIGFOFT SE Notes V24n6(Nov 1999)pp355-374
=TOOL JAVA V&V CORRECTNESS TYPES CONSTRAINTS

BollellaGosling00

Greg Bollella & James Gosling
The Real-time specfication for java
IEEE Computer Magazine V33n6(Jun 2000)pp47-54
=HISTORY OBJECT-ORIENTED NET PERFORMANCE RTSJ RTJEG NIST STANDARD

Bollinger95

Terry Bolinger(DSC Communications)
What can Happen when Metrics Make a Call
IEEE Software Magazine V12n1(Jan 1995)pp15
Distinguish feature metrics from derived metrics. derivation: equation supposed to show progress towards goal
Dangers of Bogus metrics (eg lines of code). pressures practitioners into doing bad things almost inevitable
need to listen to developers very carefully: can give a good metrics program & get some serious buy-in as well

Bollinger00

Terry Bollinger
Visual Basic: Taming the woolly mamoth
IEEE Software Magazine V17n3(May/Jun 2000)pp16-17
=ESSAY COBOL BASIC THEORY vs PRACTICE
why two very popular languages have so few papers written about them?

BollingerBeckman99

Terry Bollinger & Peter Beckman
Linux on the Move
IEEE Software Magazine V16n1(Jan/Feb 1999)pp30-35
=HISTORY open-source development TECHNICAL
only use honest unmanaged of code peer review

Bolloju04

Narasimha Bolloju
Improving the quality of business object models using Collaboration patterns
Commun ACM V47n7(Jul 2004)pp81-86
=EXPERIMENT MODEL REALITIES PATTERN UML COMPOSITION
Based on Coad and Fowler lists 12 simple patters that helped students improve their conceptual models in 13 different business application domains: spotting classes and connections, plus correcting errors.
Collaboration_patterns::#Pattern=following,
- E1: Role (1)-(0..*) Transaction
- E6: Transaction (1)-(0..*) FollowupTransaction E5: Specification (1)-(0..*) Transaction
- E3: CompositeTransaction (1)<*>-(0..*) LineItem
- E2: Place (1)-(0..*) Transaction
- R: Actor (1)-(0..*) Role
- T1: Item (1)-(0..*) SpecificItem
- T4: Group (1)<>-(0..*) Member
- E4: SpecificItem (1)-(0..*) Transaction
- T2: Assembly(1)<*>-(0..*) Part
- P: OuterPlace (1)-(0..*) Place
- T3: Container (1)<*>-(0..*) Content
Next [BollojuLeung06]

Bolloju09

Narasimha Bolloju
Conceptual Modeling of Systems Integration Requirements
IEEE Software Magazine V25n6(Sep/Oct 2000)pp66-74
=EXPERIMENT METHOD NOTATION SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS SERVICES
Graph: Nodes represent subsystems and transformations. Arcs labelled with conditions and messages.
Transformations: BATCH and SPLIT, AGGREGATE and DISTRIBUTE, X(translation).
Uses <....> to indicate refined subsystem.
Tested an 78 graduate students who found it usable.

BollojuLeung06

Narasimha Bolloju & Felix S K Leung
Assisting Novice Analysts in Developing Quality Conceptual models with UML
Commun ACM V49n6(Jun 2006)pp108-112
=EMPIRICAL 15 PROJECTS UML UseCase Domain ERD sequence diagram model V&V SQA REQUIREMENTS CSCI372 CSCI375

Table 3 lists the commonest errors by artifact
Table

Artifact	Syntax	Semantics	Pragmatics
Use Case Diagram	bad notation	bad extends	cases too small?
Use Case Description	mismatch name with diagram	MIssing and ambiguous steps, invalid extension	steps too small and implementation dependent
Class Diagrams	not listing operations in sequence diagram or listing implicit operations	wrong multiplicity, mislocated attributes and operations, unrealizable operation	Subclasses not distinguished, showing inherited attributes
Sequence Diagram	missing "found" signal, return to wrong object, class not on class diagram	missing parameters, parameters used before set, missing classes	Responsibility misallocated to wrong object [Larman05]

(Close Table)

Ref to [LindlandSundreSolvberg94] for qualities of conceptual models.
Also see [Bolloju04]

Bolognesi00

Tommaso Bolognesi
Toward Constraint-Object-Oriented Development
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V26n7(Jul 2000)pp594-616
=EXAMPLE OBJECT-ORIENTED SPECIFICATION DESIGN STYLE COO LOTOS CO-NOTATION Z GRAPHIC

BolognesiBrinkma95

T. Bolognesi & Ed Brinksma
Introduction to the ISO specification language LOTOS
Comput Network and ISDN Syst V14n1(1987)pp25-29

Bolognesietal95

T. Bolognesi & Jeroen van de Lagemaat (mailto:lagemaat@cs.utwente.nl) & C.A. Vissers (ed)
LOTOSphere: Software Development using LOTOS
Kluwer Academic Publishers 1995 ISBN 0-7923-9529-8
=ADVERT LOTOS TOOLS

Bolt84

?? BOLT
Human interfaces for managers
Computer World v16 (July 1984) pp In Depth/1..18
=ARTICLE USER

BoltaciJones95

L. Boltaci & J.Jones
Formal specification using Z: A modeling approach
International Thomson Publishing London 1995.
=DEMO MODEL Z SPECIFICATION FORMAL

Bond95

David Bond
Project-Level Archetypes
Software Development Magazine(Jul 1995)pp39-44+letter (Oct 1995)p11
=IDEA DOMAINs ECONOMICS one-size does not fit all
Suggests that different industries/situations have different "best practices". four models:
1. constrained
2. internal client
3. vertical market
4. mass market.
cf [Constantine95b]
Letter points out the additional complexity of producing software is the need to integrate the new into existing systems.

BondAnderson01

Mike Bond & Ross Anderson
API-Level Attacks on Embedded Systems
IEEE Computer Magazine V34n10(Oct 2001)pp67-75
=HISTORY DESIGN SECURE INTERFACE CRYPTOGRAPHY ATMS COMMERCIAL IBM Visa VSM
Using formal methods to calculate new attacks on ATMs!
How to split a key so that it can be transmitted to a device securely in shares and combined internally so that the right key is installed and nobody knows what it is -- even if < n people collude, even if shareholders lie about their shares to the device!

BondG05

Gregory W Bond
Software as Art
Commun ACM V48n8(Aug 2005)pp118-124
=ESSAY ART
Knuth

BonifattiEtal01

Angela Bonifatti & Fabiano Cattaneo & stafano Ceri & Alfonso Fuggetta & Stefano Paraboschi
Designing Data Marts for Data Warehouses
ACM TOSEM Trans Software Engineering & Methodology V10n4(Oct 2001)pp452-483
=CASESTUDY DATA OLAP REQUIREMENTS GQM Star ERD C-Graph snowFlake

BontempsHeymansSchobbens05

Yves Bontemps & Patrick Heymans & Pierre-Yves Schobbens
From Live Sequence Charts to State Machines and Back: A Guided Tour
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V31n12(Dec 2005)pp999-1014
=THEORY REQUIREMENTS SCENARIOS SSDs MSC Message Sequence diagrams LSC Live sequence charts FSM/STD STATE CHARTS
Proves that most problems linking message sequence charts to state based models are intractable -- efficient automation may be impossible. [Harel01]

Booch83

G Booch
Software Engineering with Ada
Benjamin Cummings 1983
=HOWTO object-oriented graphic text Reality Technical

Booch86

Grady Booch
Object Oriented Development
IEEE Trans Soft Eng vSE-12n2(Feb 1986)pp211-221 (in BerglandZave86)
=HOWTO Ada graphic Reality object

Booch91

Grady Booch
Object Oriented Design with applications
Benjamin Cummins Redwood City CA 1991 ISBN 0-8053-0091-0 CR9105-0322 & CR 9209-0690 & CR9404-0198
=HOWTO [Booch94a instead]

Booch94a

Grady Booch(Rational)
Object Oriented Analysis and Design with applications(2nd Edn)
Benjamin Cummins Redwood City CA 1994
ISBN 0-8053-5340-2 CR9502-0135"Marked improvement over the first edition while retaining the outstanding features of the original"(T H Tse)

Booch94b

Grady Booch
Coming of Age in an Object-Oriented World
IEEE Software Magazine V11n6(Nov 1994)pp33-41
1. off the shelf
2. Codifies a specific and well understood horizontal domain
3. large market
4. driven to higher technical sophistication by the market
5. beomes a commodity item
6. Custom
7. Vertical business line
8. includes off the shelf components
9. must be as complex as the domain
10. domain is not well understood and is complex.
11. OO::=Net{Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism}.
  OO{programming, methods, infrastructure}
  Increasing focus on architectures rather than just classes
  Includes RDBMSs as OO.

Booch99

Grady Booch(guest editor)
UML in action
Commun ACM V42n10(Oct 1999)pp26-70
See [Kobryn99] [Larsen99] [Selic99] [BellSchmidt99] [Conallen99]

Booch01

Grady Booch
The Illusion of Simplicity
Software Development Magazine V9n1(Jan 2001)pp57-59
=ARTICLE PQRST MODEL MODULE
Forces on software development: cost/schedule, functionality, compatibility, reliability/availability, security, failsafe/fault-tolerance, Resilience, technology churn, scalability, capacity, Performance
help: abstractions: Object-Oriented , patterns, modeling
balance and mitigating conflicting forces.

Booch01b

Grady Booch
Developing the Future
Commun ACM V44n3(Mar 2001)pp119-121
=POLL OPINION PEOPLE SWEBOK XP Opensource
Future: split betwen high and low ceremony processes leading to some reconciliation.
More user-programmers vs a more mature profession.

Booch06

Grady Booch
The Accidental Architecture
IEEE Software Magazine V23n3(May/Jun 2006)pp9-11
=ESSAY ARCHITECTURE =HISTORY WWW/NET PATTERNS
Notes that we don't have a comprehensive list of architectures for software.
... unlike buildings: Babylonian, Greek, ...
Refers to Henry Petroski.
Describes a history of the WWW architectural styles: Plain HTML, Eye-Candy, simple scripting, middleware, simple frameworks, rich-client | service-oriented architecture.
Argues that architectural patterns emerge from a experience.

Booch06a

Grady Booch
Goodness of fit
IEEE Computer Magazine V39n10(Oct 2006)pp14-15
=ESSAY ARCHITECTURE STYLE PATTERNS FORTRAN COMPILER
Bachus's original pipe-and-filter architecture for FORTRAN compilation remains good for recent languages....with some small tweaks.
Does not mention [Jackson75]'s use of pipe+filter to Data Processing and McIlory's pipes in UNIX.
For a given set of forces there is a better architecture. The forces in a given domain are pretty constant.

Booch07

Grady Booch
Object-oriented analysis and Design with Applications
Addisson Wesley Longman Redwood City CA 2007 ISBN 020189551X CR 0808-0732
=UNREAD =HOWTO ANALYSIS DESIGN OBJECTS
Notes [click here if you can fill this hole]

Boogie09

Microsoft Research
Boogie -- The World's Best Program Verification System
Web site Aug 27th 2009 [ http://boogie.codeplex.com/ ]
=ADVERT OPEN SOURCE VERIFIER SQA PROOF NONSEQUENTIAL TOOL #
"Boogie is a program verification system that produces verification conditions for programs written in an intermediate languagec (also named Boogie). The intermediate language is easy to target from source languages such as Spec#, C#, or even C."

BoralvStalmarck99

Arne Boralv & Gunnar Stalmarck
Formal Verification in Railways
In [HincheyBowen99] pp329-350
=EXPERIENCE RISKS SPECIFICATION STD/FSM LOGIC TPA vs DESIGN V&V TOOL Prover Delphi for ADtranz CVT Swedish Sternol
Prover is a Company specializing in the industrialization of formal methods. Stalmarck has patented the proof algorithm!
Can we make a formal tool that is as transparent to use as a word processor? Some parts need a formal methods expert, but some parts can be made more useful to railway interlocking engineers.
Need to trade-off expressive power of logic with the performance of the tool.
Claims that ONLY domain/application knowledge is needed to use the tools.

Borger88

Egon Bo"rger(Ed)
Trends in Theoretical Computer Science
Computer Science Press Rockville Maryland 1988
=Series: Principles of Computer science series
[Gurevich88]

BorgerSchulte00

Egon Bo"rger & Wolfram Schulte
A Practical Method for Specification and Analysis of Exception Handling -- A Java/JVM Case Study
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V26n9(Sep 2000)pp872-887
=CASESTUDY LOGIC SPECIFICATION SEMANTICS JAVA COMPILER JVM PROOF

Borgida85

Alexander Borgida
Features of Languages for the Development of Information Systems at the Conceptual Level
IEEE Software V2n1(Jan 1985)pp63-72
=SURVEY data concepual modeling

Borgidaetal95

Alex Borgida & John Mylopoulos & Raymond Reiter
The frame problem in procedure specifications
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-SE-21n10(Oct 1995)pp785-798
=CRITIQUE LOGIC Set Theory SPECIFICATION METHODS circumscription [BorgidaMylopoulosReiter93] JacksonD9 [McCarthy87] [Delgrande98]

BorgidaGreenspanMylopoulos85

Alexander Borgida & Sol Greenspan & John Mylopoulos
Knowledge Representation as the Basis for Requirements Specifications
IEEE Computer MAgazine V18N4(Apr 1985)pp82-91 [ MC.1985.1662870 ]
=ESSAY MODEL REALITY PURPOSE Object-Oriented AI ONTOLOGY parts IS-A TIMES RML
Also see what happened [BorgidaGreenspanMylopoulos94]

BorgidaGreenspanMylopoulos94

Alexander Borgida & Sol Greenspan & John Mylopoulos
On formal requirements modeling languages: RML revisited
SIGSOFT Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Software engineering pp135-147 .See
=HISTORY RML MODEL REALITY PURPOSE Object-Oriented ONTOLOGY GIST KAOS
Also see [BorgidaGreenspanMylopoulos85]
Need QUALITIES -- non-functional requirements NFRs.

BorgidaJarke92

Alex Borgida & Mathias Jarke
Knowledge and Representation in Software Engineering(Editorial on special issue)
IEEE Trans SE-18n6(Jun 1992)pp449-450 CR9307-0467
domain logic ... relation to formal methods ... power vs performance ... empirical results

BorgidaMylopoulosReiter93

A Borgida & J Mylopoulos & R Reiter
"And Nothing Else Changes":The frame problem in procedure specifications
In Proc of the 15th Int Conf on Software Engineering
IEEE Computer Society(May 1993)pp303-314
Ref from ZaveJackson93 [Borgidaetal95] [BicarreguiRitchie95]

BorsoiBecerra08

Beatriz Terezinha Borsoi & Jorge Luis Risco Becerra
Definition and modeling of process using object orientation
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes archive V33n3 (May 2008) Article No. 2
=IDEA PROCESS MODEL OBJECT-ORIENTED
Compare to earlier proposal [JaccheriPiccoLago99] E^3 OO process language.
But
1. OMG_SPEM::="Software Process Engineering MetaModel", [ modeling_spec_catalog.htm ]
(Close But )

Bosak98

Jon Bosak(Sun)
Mediaindependent Publishing: Four Myths about XML
IEEE Computer Magazine V31n10(Oct 1998)pp120-122
=ADVERT XML
1. XML is a not MS conspiracy -- many others are involved.
2. XML is not an extension of HTML -- both come from SGML.
3. XML can not drive a web browser without style rules: DSSL and XSL [ WD-xsl ]
4. XML is not just for data -- it can convey any kind of structured data but it can also make any kind of information independent of pratform/vendor/media/nationallity

BossomaierGreen01

Terry R J Bossomaier & David G Green (Editors)
Complex Systems
Cambridge University Press 2000 ISBN 0-521-46245-2 Q172.5.C45C64
=SURVEY MATHEMATICS Alife GRAPH Theory Criticality fractals theory nets chaos

Boswell95

Anthony Boswell
Specification and Validation of a Security Policy Model
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-21n2(Feb 1995)pp63-68
=ADVERT TOOL FORMALIZER and Z

Botting75

Richard J Botting
Letter on Comments and Methods
Computing Europe, Oct 30th, p8.
=LETTER ASSERTIONS CODE TECHNICAL
Don't want comments that tell you that i++ adds one to i.
You want comments that state what is necessarily true at that point in the program.

Botting77

RJ Botting
Efficient Storage for Amorphous Data
Software -Practice and Experience V7pp201-203
=DEMO Technical data structure

Botting78a

Richard J Botting
Loglan -- a more flexible language
=ADVERT Loglan Mathematics Logic ITL UNIVERSAL LANGUAGES
Computer Weekly (UK) n598 (Feb 16 1978)letters
Response to [Kelly78]
Argues that Loglan fits Kelly's criteria better.

Botting78b

Richard J Botting
Languages at the Crossroads
=ADVERT Loglan Mathematics Esperanto ITL UNIVERSAL LANGUAGES
Computer Weekly (UK) n598 (April 27 1978)p4
Response to [Love78]
Calls for "an Intermediate Text Language that benefits language translation and not use computers to help Esperanto"
Need to examine many alternative solutions to a problem.

Botting84a

RJ Botting
Fred - a Friendly Editor
Proc Western Educational Computing Conference Nov 1984 Western Periodicals Co N Hollywood CA.
=DEMO USER DAD System Technical [ papers/rjb84a.FRED.html ]
DAD::="Dynamic Analysis and Design", uses BNF style descriptions of entity life histories to determine the code of the software that keeps track of them.
Evolution of FRED is further tracked in [Botting84b]

Botting84b

RJ Botting
Generalization - An Alternative to Error Messages
Proc Western Educational Computing Conference Nov 1984( pp98-99) Western Periodicals Co N Hollywood CA. [ papers/rjb84b.Generalization.html ]
=DEMO USER non-sequential System PROTOTYPING EVOLUTIONARY AGILE
History of a simple technology strapped but successful piece of software.
Error messages show the lack of imagination of programmers.
Software can be evolved.

Botting85a

RJ Botting
On Prototypes vs Mockups vs Breadboards (letter)
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes v10n1(Jan 1985)p18
=LETTER WORDS PROTOTYPING

Botting85b

RJ Botting
An Eclectic Approach to Software Engineering
pp25-29 Proc Third Int'l Workshop on Software Specification & Design(IWSSD3) Aug 1985
=survey PQRST PURPOSES QUALITIES REALITIES SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES DFD PROTOTYPES NOTATIONS
Names 28 processes available to a software developer and describes how they are connected. The processes are found in 31 different references.

Botting85c

RJ Botting
Evolution of Software for a Faculty Workstation
pp120-124 Western Educational Computing Conference1985
=demo evolution prototypes tools System AGILE
You can not reduce paperwork in an office by using a document driven software process in that office.
Abstract

Botting85d

RJ Botting
IO Statements in Higher Programming Languages(letter)
IEEE Computer v18n8(Aug 1985)p95
=harmful Technical

Botting86a

RJ Botting
Into the Fourth Dimension: An Introduction to Dynamic Analysis & Design
SE Notes v11 n2 pp36-48 Apr 1986 ACM SIG Software Engineering
=THEORY DAD graphic logic Reality

Botting86b

RJ Botting
Novel Security Techniques for Online Systems
(Pracnique) Commun ACM Vol 29 No 5 (May 1986)
=DEMO DAD SECURITY HCI

Botting87a

RJ Botting
A Critique of Pure Functionalism
pp148-153 Proc. Fourth Int'l Workshop on Software Specification & Design(IWSSD4) April 1987 IEEE Catalog No. TH0181-8 LA CA
=DEMO formal DAD DFD ERD DDD data lift

Botting87b

RJ Botting
Regular Expressions Relations & Software: Part I - Practice & Part II - Theory
Western Educational Computing Conference Nov 1987 Western Periodicals Co. N Hollywood CA.
=THEORY DDD JSP theory languages logic formal

Botting88

RJ Botting
Data Structures Classes Can Mislead
Western Educational Computing Conference Nov 1988 Western Periodicals Co N Hollywood CA.
=THEORY DISK DATA OPTIMIZATION PERFORMANCE QUALITIES
Assumes [PechuraShoefler83] 's formula for disk access: time delay is linearly dependent on distance between data.
Proves that for large data structures common O(...) formulas are wrong.
Example: a binary search of n items in a large disk file takes O(n) not O(log(n)).

Botting89a

RJ Botting
Comments on Tripp's Graphical Notations
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V14n1 (Jan 1989)p83
=LETTER Dimensional charts graphic

Botting89b

RJ Botting
Abstract of Research
Proc ACM CSC Conf 1989
=survey PQRST

Botting93

RJ Botting
Would you like your program in a glass?
IEEE Computer Magazine V26n10(Oct 1993)p104
=JOKE PROCESS
vaporware, liquidware, software, soggyware, firmware, hardware

Botting94

Richard J Botting
When More is Expected of Programmers(Letter)
IEEE Software Magazine V11n5(Sep 1994)p9
=LETTER PEOPLE

Botting95a

Richard J Botting
On the Relational Semantics of Programming Languages
Faculty seminar CSci CSUSB Spring 1995 [ rjb95a.Relations.vs.Programs.html ]
=THEORY SEMANTICS RELATIONS

Botting95b

Richard J Botting
Can One Size Fit All?
Faculty seminar CSci CSUSB Fall 1995 [ rjb95b.one.size.html ] [Botting97a]
=IDEA ECONOMICS CULTURE ONE-SIZE

Botting97a

Richard J Botting
On the Economics of Mass-Marketed Software
pages 465-470 of Proceedings of [ICSE'97]
=IDEA ECONOMICS SUNK externallities CULTURE ONE-SIZE
why one product becomes dominant and then is eclipsed by a later one. network effects. Sunk Costs. cultural assumptions [Botting95b] [CusumanoYoffie98]

Botting99

Richard J Botting
On the application of a popular notation to semantics
ACM SIGPLAN Notices V34n6(Jun 1999)pp82-83
=IDEA Why not use the UML and OCL to express Programming LANGUAGE SEMANTICS OBECT-ORIENTED
Uses TABULAR presentation of polymorphic functions.
Proposes a fixed point operator for the OCL

Botting99a

Richard J Botting
The MATHS Manifesto
URL [ 10_manifesto.html ]
=ADVERT DEFINES MATHS
MATHS::="Multi-purpose Abstractions, Terminology, Heuristics and Symbols".

Botting00a

Richard J Botting
Designing the Real World
IEEE Software Magazine (Letters) V17n2(Mar/Apr 2000)pp8-9
=ESSAY REALITY OOA/D NONSEQUENTIAL
See [Kaindl99]

BottingJuristo00

Richard J Botting
Natural Language dispute (Letter)
IEEE Software Magazine V17n5(Sep/Oct 2000)p11
=DISCUSSION POLYMORPHISM MODEL ANALYSIS vs DESIGN OBJECT-ORIENTED GRASP
Discussion of [JuristoMorenoLopez00]

Botting02

Richard J Botting
Some Stochastic Models of Software Evolution
[SCI2002] V1(Jul 2002)pp23-27
=THEORY DEBUGGING EVOLUTION SOFTWARE
One size does not fit all
Keep your n small and your α high!
A million monkeys will beat a single blind watch maker.

Botting05

Richard J Botting
Teaching and Learning Ethics in Computer Science: Walking the Walk
ACM SIGCSE Tech Symp Proc (Feb 2005)pp342-346, SIGCSE Bulletin "Inroads" V37n1 (Mar 2005) pp342-346.
=ANECDOTE EDUCATION ETHICS SECURITY Identity Theft

Botting05a

Richard J Botting
On the co-evolution of SSADM and the UML
Chapter V in [Yang05] pp134-151
=IDEA UML2.0 SSADM

Botting05b

Richard Botting
Small Errors in "Toward formalizing domain modeling semantics in language syntax"
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V31n10(Oct 2005)pp911
=Correction Statecharts fork vs decision

Botting06

Richard J Botting
Use Case Diagrams
IEEE Computer Magazine V39n8(Sep 2006)pp5 [ MC.2006.317 ]
=LETTER DFD USE CASES UML2.0 information flows
See [DedekeLieberman06] for an non-standard way to document use case data flows.
Refers to [Botting05b] and [ http://cse.csusb.edu/dick/papers/rjb04bDFDs/ ]

BottingRoss

R J Botting & Paul Ross
Software Engineering for Computer Scientists
Unpublished Manuscript for a text book used in early 1980s.
=text formal data DDD method co-routines nonsequential nondeterministic design technical assemblers loaders editors
AKA Engineered Systems Software

BourdeauCheng95

Robert H Bourdeau & Betty H C Cheng
A Formal Semantics for Object Model Diagrams
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-SE-21n10(Oct 1995)pp799-821
OMT in Larch LSL GRAPHIC FORMAL OBJECT-ORIENTED [ serg.html ]
Does not permit OMT subclasses to contain attributes found in superclass (fig 39..41 eqn 24)

BourqueEtal99

Pierre Bourque & Robert Dupuis & Alain Abran & James W Moore & Leonard Tripp
A Guide to the Software Engineering Body of knowledge
IEEE Software Magazine V16n6(Nov/Dec 1999)pp35-41
=ADVERT SWEBOK PLAN ENGINEERING

BoussinotSimone96

Frederic Boussinot & Robert de Simone
The SL Synchronous Language
IEEE Trans Softw Eng VSE22n4(Apr 1996)pp256-266
"as soon as signal hypotheses are allowed incorrect programs may be written". Incorrect meaning non-causal and unpredictable: "when S then t1 else t2" suspends if S is not present and then enters t2....

Boute81

R T Boute
"Towards System Specification Languages"
4th International conference on Software Engineering for Telecommunications Switching Systems University of Warwick(Conventry UK)
Inst of Electrical and Radio Engineers London UK July 1981 pp31-37
=SURVEY SRS LANGUAGES
1. Used p397 of DavisA90
2. Condemns STDs/FSMs
3. (1) not abstract, (2) not powerful enough (3) not structured Davis: "proposes using non-deterministic multistring dialogue grammars".

Boute92

Raymond T Boute
The Euclidean definition of the functions div and mod
ACM TOPLAS V14n2(April 1992)pp127-144
CR9211-0871
Semantics mathematics

Boute00

Raymond T Boute
Supertotal function definition in Mathematics and Software Engineering
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V26n7(Jul 2000)pp662-672
=IDEA FORMAL LOGIC FUNCTIONAL MATHEMATICS calculational
Refers to FunMath [PVS]
[Parnas93]
Compare: [LPT]
Question: How to calculated easily with partial functions?
Idea: Functions defined by a domain and an expression can be treated as total by extension to an arbitrary value in calculating with suitably guarded formulae

BowdigeGriswold98

Robert W Bowidge & William G Griswold
Supporting the Restructuring of Data Abstractionns through Manipulation of a Program Visulaization
ACM TOSEM V7n2(Apr 1998)pp109-157
=TOOL TECHNICAL GRAPHIC ADT REENGINEER

Jonathon Bowen
The Ethics of Safety-Critical systems
Commun ACM V43n4 (Apr 2000)91-97
=ESSAY RISKS METHODS Aristotle LOGIC
7 sins: epideictic, hyperole, pistic, oligarchy, ephemeral, epexegesis , maiandos
principles
modes of thought: scientific, technical, prudence, inntelligence/intuition, wisdom
p93: "most theorems are correct, but most hand proofs are wrong"

Bowen01

Jonathon P Bowen
Experience Teaching Z with TOOL and Web Support
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V26n2(Mar 2001)pp69-75
=REPORT UK TEACHING MATHEMATICAL LOGICAL SPECIFICATION REFINEMENT TOOLS ZTC ZANS
Diagnostic quizzes leading to makeup tutorials help handle wide ranges of math skills.

BowenHinchey94

Jonathan P Bowen & Michael G Hinchey
Formal Methods andSafety Critical Standards
IEEE Computer Magazine V27n8(Aug 1994)pp68-71

BowenHinchey95a

Jonathan P Bowen & Michael G Hinchey
Ten Commandments of Formal Methods
IEEE Computer Magazine V28 n 4(Apr 1995)pp56-63
1. I. Thou shalt Choose an Appropriate Notation
2. II. Thou shalt Formalize but not Overformalize
3. III. Thou shalt Estimate Costs
4. IV. They shalt have a Formal Methods Guru On Call
5. V. Thou shalt not Abandon Traditional ethods
6. VI. Thou shalt Document Sufficiently
7. VII. Thou shalt not Compromise thy QUALITY Standards
8. VIII. Thou shalt not be Dogmatic
9. IX Thou shalt Test, Test, and Test again
10. X. Thou Shalt Reuse

BowenHinchey95b

Jonathan P Bowen & Michael G Hinchey
Seven More Myths of Formal Methods
IEEE Software Magazine V12n4(Jul 1995)pp34-40
1. 8. FM delay the development process
2. 9. FM lack tools
3. 10. FM replace traditional engineering design methods
4. 11. FM only apply to software
5. 12. FM are unnecessary
6. 13. FM are not supportted
7. 14. FM people always use FM
8. p40: "system development should be as formal as necessary, but not more formal."
  Notes problems:
9. sidebar, p37: defining FM, IEEE glossary has two.
10. notation
  p38: Notes resources: internet forums for Z, VDM, Larch, OBJ. FTP archives, Periodicals. Courses.
  p40: Quotes BBC Interview: "If you want to build systems with ultra-high reliability whcih provide complaxe functionallity and you want to guarantee that they are going to work with very high reliability...you can't do it"

BowenHinchey96

Jonathan P Bowen & Michael G Hinchey
To Formalize or Not to Formalize
IEEE Computer Magazine V29N4(Apr 1996}pp18-19
=EXPERIENCE FORMAL MATHEMATICS

BowenHinchey99

Jonathan P Bowen & Michael G Hinchey It's Greek to Me: Method in the Madness
In [HincheyBowen99] pp1-4
=ESSAY METHODS PHILOSOPHY ETHICS ARISTOTLE
describes sins that can destroy a project that uses formal methods.
Describes useful frames of mind

BowenHinchey06

Jonathan P Bowen & Michael G Hinchey
Ten Commandments of Formal Methods ... Ten years later
IEEE Computer Magazine V39n1(Jan 2006)pp40-48
=HISTORY FORMAL Z TLA
See also "The Ten Commandments revisited: a ten-year perspective on Industrial application of formal methods" Proc 10th Int'l Workshop on formal methods for industrial Critical Systems, ACM Press 2005 pp8-16

CF [BowenHinchey95a]
Table

Then	Now
I. Thou shalt Choose an Appropriate Notation.	More now. Hybrids.
II. Thou shalt Formalize but not Overformalize.	3 levels: specs, Proofs, machine checked.
III. Thou shalt Estimate Costs.
IV. They shalt have a Formal Methods Guru On Call.	Plus a domain expert early on.
V. Thou shalt not Abandon Traditional methods.
VI. Thou shalt Document Sufficiently.	Iterative. Including why & when decided.
VII. Thou shalt not Compromise thy QUALITY Standards.	Notation & method.
VIII. Thou shalt not be Dogmatic.	Gap between analysis & specification.
IX Thou shalt Test, Test, and Test again.
X. Thou Shalt Reuse.

(Close Table)

Bowles90

Adrian J. Bowles
A note on the Yourdon Structured Method(Announcement)
ACM SIGSOFT SEN V15n2(Apr 1990)p27
=HISTORY METHOD YSM evolution
YSM::="Yourdon Method".

Bowles95

Adrian J. Bowles
Object methods Emerging and Converging
Software Magazine (May 1995)pp96

BowmanHoltBrewster99

Ivan T Bowman & Richard C Holt & Neil V Brewster
Linux as a Case Study: Its Extracted Software Architecture
ICSE'99, Proceeedings of the 21st International Conference on Software Engineering (May 1999)pp555-563
=EMPIRICAL reverse-engineering extracts dependencies between modules.
More connections than predicted between subsystems.

BoyerYu96

Robert S Boyer & Yuan Yu
Automated Proofs of Object Code for a Widely Used Microprocessor
JACM V43n1(Jan 1996) pp166-192 CR9710-0117
=EXPERIENCE PROOF

BoyleReslerWinter99

James M Boyle & R Daniel Resler & Victor L Winter
Do You Trust Your Compiler?
IEEE Computer Magazine V32n5(May 1999)pp65-72 + letters V32n10(Oct 99)pp5-7
=ADVERT TAMPR DDD PROOF sound code transformations
Same ideas as McCarthy in the early 1960's
Letters point out errors in paper and reccommend peer review/inspection

BrachiLockermann78

?? Brachi & ?? Lockermann
Information systems Methodology
Springer Verlag lecture notes in Comp Sci #65
=survey SAD PQRST

BradacPerryVotta94

Mark G Bradac & Dewayne E Perry & Lawrence G Votta
Prototyping a Process Monitoring Experiment
IEEE Trans on Software Eng VSE-20n10(Oct 1994)pp774-784
CR1995-0106(by RJB)

Bradfield92

Julian C Bradfield
Verifying Temporal Properties of Systems
Birkhauser Boston Inc Cambridge MA 1992
ISBN 0-817603625 CR9209-0661(F.3.1)
=THEORY CORRECTNESS Petri nets

BradyDeMarco94

Sheila Brady & Tom DeMarco
Management Aided Software Engineering
IEEE Software Magazine V11n6(Nov 1994)pp25-32
Interview re management best of practice in software development at Apple. [ BradyDeMarco94.html ]

BraekHaugen94

R Braek & O Haugen
Engineering Real Time Systems
Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River NJ 1994 BCS Practitioner Series ISBN 0-13-034448-6

BraffortHirschberg63

Braffort & Hirschberg(Eds)
Computer Programming & Formal Systems
North Holland 1963
=THEORY formal LISP languages

BraheSchmidt07

Seen Brahe & Kjeld Schmidt
The Story of a Working Workflow Management System
ACM Proc GROUP'07 (Nov 2007) pp249-258 CR 0811-1106 ACM DOI [ 1316624.1316661 ]
=EXPERIENCE SYSTEMS WORKFLOW BPEL XML SOA SERVICE LEGACY WFM PEOPLE DANISH BANK 2003-2007 ORCHESTRATION PORTAL TASK vs CASE
CSCW::="Computer Supported Cooperative Work".
WFM::="Workflow Management".
SOA::="Service Oriented Architecture".
Early attempts to program office procedures failed because exceptions to the procedures were common. How to make the result adaptable? How to fit in with the continuing creation and adaption of procedures/workflows. How to integrate existing (legacy) systems.
Integrate systems by using SOA... encapsulate legacy code as a service. Workflow as glue.
(dick)|-Workflow sytems/languages seems to be like scripting.
Develop a workflow system iteratively.
Get the developers and the users closely involved.
Business's analyst's can get it wrong!
Development followed Babbage's model: craft; division of labor; stepwise automation; more or less complete automation.
Need to avoid fragmented tasks. People prefer complete cases to individual tasks. First task in process should assign remaining tasks in the case to same person. "We do not want to be a factory". Not task-centric, but case-centric. "It does not feel right " not to know the context of tasks.
Another early task in each workflow is to determine if the task is simple enough to be automated or needs human discretion and guidance.
Describing exceptions if difficult and time consuming. Better to bounce them to a human... and think about how to automate in a later iteration.
Automating more kinds of processes is an optimization. Tweaking and Twisting the automated processes.
Nearly a 20% gain in speed. 80-90% automated.
No need to re-enter data into each application.
People like to monitor automated processes.
Tell the users when the system is becoming unstable. Tell them about bugs. Tell them about performance problems.
Workflows integrated legacy systems into exiting processes -- so the old system could not be replaced until the workflow was redesigned, tested, and running with the new service provider. Increased coupling and dependency between systems.
Application niche is a very regular system -- unlike, say -- medicine.

BrandtEtAl09

Joel Brandt & Philip J Guo & Joel Lewenstein & Scott R Klemmer & Mira Dontcheva
Opportunistic Programming: Writing code to prototype, ideat, and discover
IEEE Software Magazine V25n6(Sep/Oct 2000)pp18-24
=EXPERIMENT BRICOLLAGE POSTMODERN PROTOTYPING GLUE WWW/NET d.mix
Principles for rapid prototyping
1. Glue together existing high-level components.
2. Add functionality via Copy-paste from the web.
3. Iterate rapidly.
4. Consider code to be impermanent.
5. Expect and prepare for debugging.
6. Use many languages.
7. Don't expect good code.
8. Need different version control.

BrandKlintVerhoef97

M G J van den Brand & P Klint & C Verhoef
Reverse Engineering and System Renovation -- an Annotated Bibliography
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes V22n1(Jan 1997)pp56-68 [ reverse.html ]

BrandtUden03

D Scot Brandt & Lorna Uden
Insight into Mental Models of Novice Internet Searchers Commun ACM V46n7(Jul 2003)pp133-136
=ADVERT TKS KAT ACTA HCI USER PEOPLE WEB/NET
Distinguishes mental models of tasks from conceptual models of systems.
TKS::theory="Task Knowledge Structure", can express what people know about a task in a structured way.
ACTA::technique="Applied Cognitive Task Analysis", interview ->outline; audit knowledge(cues+difficulties); simulate scenario giving cognitive processes, tabulate cognitive demands.
KAT::technique="Knowledge Analysis of Tasks", break down ( objects, actions, goals, subgoals); identify central and generic properties; pseudocode procedures and taxonomy of terms use, add task knowledge needed to pseudocode.
Novices may need more cues and structure to use search engines effectively.

BratthallWohlin02

Lars Bratthall & Claes Wohlin
Is it possible to decorate graphical Software design nd architecture models with qualitative information? -- and Experiment
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V28n12(Dec 2003)pp1181-1193
=POLL 35 STUDENTS GRAPHIC COMPONENT METRICS RELATIONSHIPS
How to show: A controls B, A is bigger than B, A is internally more complex than B, and A is harder to use then B.
Rough consensus: control shown by position, size by area, complexity by darkening the inside or boundary.
Demo for a car controller.

BrayHess95

Olin Bray & Michael M Hess(both Sandia)
Re-engineering a Configuration Management System
IEEE Software Magazine V12n1(Jan 1995)pp55-63
=DEMO NIAM
1. NIAM::=Natural Language Information-Analysis Methodology.
2. NIAM::=Net{entity types. types of facts. interactions between types} verbal or graphic presentation deep-structure sentence tables of examples and counter examples of facts
  reinvention of LDST

BremleyHolmes00

Jesse L Bremley & Donald Holmes
Advanced Computer Topics for Precollege Students
Proc SCI/ISAS2000 VI pp468-494 [SCI00]
=EXPERIENCE EDUCATION AI
How inner-city (Washington DC) children can do literature searches in AI and implement the results in programs.

Brender02

Ronald F. Brender
The BLISS programming language: a history
Software - Practice & ExperienceV32n10(Aug 2002)pp955-981
=HISTORY SYSTEMS LANGUAGE

BreretonBudgetHamilton98

Pearl Brereton & David Budgen & Geof Hamilton
Hypertext: The next Maintenance Mountain
IEEE Computer Magazine V31n12(Dec 1998)pp49-55
=IDEA EVOLUTION WWW

BriandBunseDaly01

Lionel C Briand & Christian Bunse & John W Daly
A controlled Experiment for Evaluating Quality Guidelines on The Maintainability of Object-Oriented Designs
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V27n6(Jun 2001)pp513-530
=EXPERIMENT MODULE DESIGN MAINTAINABILITY QUALITIES Coad Yourdon
33 students attempt to understand two different designs -- one set up to be bad and the other good. The students did bette r on the good.
Good had low coupling, high cohesion, higher clarity/lower fuzziness/simplicity, more realistic inheritance.

BriandDalyWust99

Lionel C Briand & John W Daly & J"urgen K W"ust
A Unified Framework for Coupling Measurement in Object-Oriented Systems
IEEE Trans SoftEng V25n1(Jan/Feb 1999)pp91-121
=THEORY METRICS

BriandDebanbuMelo97

Lionel C Briand & P Devanbu & W Melo
An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++
[ICSE'97]
=EXPERIMENT OBJECT-ORIENTED METRIC

BriandEtal99a

Lionel C Briand & J"urgen W"ust & John W Daly
A Unified framework for coupling measurement in Object-Oriented Systems
IEEE Trans Softw Eng VSE-25n1(Jan/Feb 1999)pp91-121 CR9910-0775
=SURVEY EMPIRICAL TECHNICAL QUALITY OBJECT-ORIENETED METRIC COUPLING MODULE

BriandEtal99b

Lionel C Briand & J"urgen W"ust & Stefan V Ikonomovski & Hakim Lounis
Investigating Quality Factors in Object-Oriented Designs: an Industrial Case Study
ICSE'99, Proceeedings of the 21st International Conference on Software Engineering (May 1999)pp345-354
=EMPIRICAL QUALITY OBJECT-ORIENETD METRIC
LALO and UMD Principal Components Logistic Regression
Better than [BenlarbiMelo99]
Only 7 principal components account for variation in all the 30+metrics.
The metrics are related to fault proneness...
High numbers of method calls indicates fault prone classes.
Differences between LALO and UMD -- friends not found in UMD. UMD more experienced pALO and UMD -- friends not found in UMD. UMD more experienced people.

BriandMorascaBasili99

Lionel C Briand & Sandro Morasca & Victor R Basili
Ddefining and Validating Measures or Object-Based High-Level Design
IEEE Trans Soft Eng V25n5(Sep/Oct 1999)pp722-743
=EMPIRICAL DESIGN METRICS GQM OBJECT-BASED ADA FAULT-PRONE
NASA Goddard 3 projects
declared high-level links in package interfaces
is_component_of, uses, data declaration interaction(dependency), data subroutine interaction, generics?
->cohesion, coupling
change requests -> faults and modules
logistic regression using maximum likelihood
avg-depth +number imported parts+low cohesion has some effect increasing chance of a fault being reported

BriandMaloWust02

Lionel C Briand & Walcelio L Malo & J"urgen W"urst
Assessing the Applicability of Fault-Proneness Models Across Object-Oriented Software Projects
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V28n7(Jul 2002)pp706-720
=EXPERIMENT METRICS Object-Oriented ERRORS MARS logistic JAVA
MARS::="Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines".
Can predictions that work well on one project be used on a different one? In this case: yes. Same team and language with different managers and projects.
Inheritance trees where short in both projects.

BriandMorascaBasili02

Lionel Briand & Sandro Morasca & Victor R Basili
An Operational process for goal-driven definition of Measures
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V28n12(Dec 2003)pp1106-1125
=EXPERIENCE GQM/MEDEA METRIC DEFINITION QUALITIES DFDs UML TRIO+

BriandWust01

Lionel C Briand & J"urgen W"urst
Modeling Development Effort in Object-Oriented Systems using Design Properties
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V27n11(Nov 2001)pp963-986
=ANALYSIS EXPERIENCE EFFORT SIZE C++ METRICS LIOO
Interface sizes (NMIMP, NMINH, NA, NM) are a good predictor of the effort needed to implement a class.
Used regression trees and poisson regression work well.
Measures of coupling and cohesion do not increase accuracy of estimates.
?? inherited methods and few implemented methods lower effort.

BriandEtal05

Lionel C Briand & Yvan Labiche & Massimiliano Di Penta & Han (Daphne) Yan-Bondoc
An experimental investigation of formality in UML-based Development
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V31n10(Oct 2005)pp833-849
=EXPERIMENT OCL UML COMPREHENSION INSPECTION EVOLUTION MAINTENANCE
OCL improves comprehension, defect detection, maitenance of UML models of software by small ammounts depending on the OCL experience of the students.

BriandLabicheLeduc06

Lionel C Briand & Yvan Labiche & Johanne Leduc
Toward the Reverse Engineering of UML Sequence Diagrams for distributed Java Software
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V32n9(Sep 2006)pp642-663
=DEMO MAINTENANCE DYNAMIC TOOL NONSEQUENTIAL REVERSE JAVA UML
Uses aspects to instrument distributed software and so log the calls between objects.
Recognises conditions and so one sideof alt constructions (only).

Briggs93

Albert W Briggs Jr
Mathematics for Liberal Arts Students
American Math Monthly V100n2(Feb 1993)pp162-166
education analysis skills proof
1. "1. to raise questions and make conjectures[...]
2. 2. to test those conjectures
3. 3. to settle definitely those questions and conjectures, or at least make progress toward such a settlement,
4. 4. to raise more questions as a result of this process,
5. 5. to read with enough precision to understand the questions and investigations of others,
6. 6. to write with enough precision to communicate their investigations to others."
7. "[...] students take to forming guesses and testing them with examples like ducks to water. But getting them to prove their guesses, or to deduce things from their guesses[...]is killingly hard. It is so hard that I have to wonder whether deduction[...] is as natural a human tendency as we[mathematicians] suppose."

Brin98

David Brin
The Transparent Society...
Addison-Wesley1998 ISBN 0-201-32802-X
=HISTORY =ESSAY SOCIETY ETHICS PRIVACY RISKS NET/WWW CRYPTOGRAPHY SSN VIDEO
Argues that often more information is better than less.
Adding a reverse flow is a way to solve a problem with an assymetric flow.
Most solutions are partial.
Secrecy that decreases accountability is bad for a society. Security, safety, & ideas can be improved by open information flows and criticism.
Drops many names. Discusses opposing positions.
Notes confusion between passwords and IDs. Example: SSN is an ID used by many systems as a password.

BrinchHansen81

Per Brinch-Hansen
The EDISON Papers
Software - Practice and Experience V11n4 (Apr 1981) QV [BrinchHansen83]
=DEMO DDD data languages optimization non-sequential EDISON BNF

BrinchHansen83

Per Brinch-Hansen
Programming a Personal Computer
Prentice Hall International 1983 QV [BrinchHansen81]
=DEMO DDD data languages optimization non-sequential EDISON BNF

BrinchHansen85

Per Brinch-Hansen
On Pascal Compilers
Prentice Hall International
=SURVEY DDD

BrinchHansen99

Per Brinch Hansen
Java's Insecure Parallelism
ACM SIGPLAN Notes V34n4(Apr 1999)pp38-45
=ESSAY JAVA TECHNICAL NON_SEQUENTIAL RISKS
Need to have all variables are private and all public methods synchronized to get predicatable parallelism.
Note. Also see [Hartley99]

Britcher96

Bob Britcher
A Few (proposed) fundamental laws of programming
IEEE Computer Magazine V29N3(Mar 1996)p136(Open channel)
1. In programming major changes in the product can occur in an instant
2. vs time to change plant or physical products
  The Law of Fallibility
3. The most careful reasoning about a simple sentence can lead to a wrong conclusion about the real world
4. Programmers have to reduce big "word-problems" to logic.
  The Law of Intellectual Gravity
5. Programs can be as massive(in there own way) as physical objcts.
  The Law of Permannence
6. Programs do not become extinct. They are not discarded, they are piled up, combined, absorbed, breeding and spreading.

Brittan80

Design for a Changing Environment
Comp Jnl v23 n1 pp13-19
=DEMO maintenance formal ENGINEERING lifecycle

BrockHunt99

Bishop C Brock & Warren A Hunt Jr
Formal Analysis of the Motorola CAP DSP
In [HincheyBowen99] pp-
=EXPERIENCE HARDWARE DESIGN V&V VERIFICATION FORMAL LOGIC TOOL ACL2

Brodaetal94

Broda & Eisenbach & Khoshnevisan & Steve Vickers<sjv@doc.ic.ac.uk>
Reasoned Programming
Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs NJ 1994 $40 ISBN 0-13-098831-6 CR9607-0469:
=TEXT Formal miranda modular-2

Brodine06

Dick Brodine
Mathematical Server Sizing
IEEE Computer Magazine V39n7(Jul 2006)pp91-93
=ADVERT MATH QUEUING THEORY WEB/NET Trivedi
Quotes a useful formulas modeling server performance.
TRIVEDI::=following
Net
1. Kishor S Trivedi's model for M clients at rate λ to a server that handles them at rate μ -- both with exponential distributions.
2. E[Response_time] = M/E[T] - 1/λ),
3. E[T]=μ *(1-p0),
4. p0:=P[0 requestss in system],
5. p0=1/(+[n:0..M]((λ/μ)^n)*(fact(M)/fact(M-n)))
(End of Net)
Shows a screen short of a Java application that helps.

Brooks77

Frederick P Brooks Jr
The Computer "Scientist" as Toolsmith -- Studies in Interactive Computer Graphics
Proc IFIP 77 (North Holland Pub Co 1977) pp625-634 (Invited Paper)
=EXPERIENCE 10years USER ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS
p634:

Brooks82

Frederick P Brooks Jr
The Mythical Man-Month - essays on software engineering
Addison-Wesley Ma and CA USA 1982
=survey costs PEOPLE

Brooks87

Frederick P Brooks Jr
No Silver Bullets
IEEE Computer Magazine V20n4(April 1987) IEEE Press.
=survey costs
Predicts no great reduction in the costs of developing software.
But
1. See [Cox90a] [Harel92] [FraserManci08]
(Close But )

Brooks95

Frederick P Brooks Jr
The Mythical Man-Month: Anniversary Edition
Addison-Wesley Publishing Co Inc 1995
Parts from Chapter 19 in pp57-60 IEEE Software Magazine (Sep 1995)
Also speech at the ICSE 17
=HISTORY PEOPLE COSTS MS-PROCESS
[Keuffel95b]
1. waterfall process is wrong. Early functinal prototype and incremental build are ways to GROW software -
2. better to be wrong than vague. User distributions.
3. design for evolution/family of products from the start(Parnas)
4. peopleware empowerment. "the power of giving up power" in IBM and in MS
  [McCarthyJ95a] MS Process: Jim McCarthy of Microsoft power of teams owning a set of features and controlling define+biuld+ship. 4..5 specialities: testing, writing, building. Settle own squabbles. Effect not reported.
5. encapsulation is OK - I was wrong and Parnas right
6. Brooks law: Boehm, Abdel-Hamid Madnick [Abdel-Hamid96]
7. Computers brought Fluidity to ...drawings, plans, ...texts, ...spreadsheets
8. Metaprogramming: hypercard... pre-VBX!

Brooks96

Frederick P Brooks Jr
The Computer scientist as Toolsmith II
Comm ACM V39n3(Mar 1996)pp61-68
science & Engineering

Brough01

Mike Brough
The History of YSM
[ ysmhist.pdf ]
=HISTORY METHODS YSM Yourdon

BrooksD08

David A brooks
An Introduction to HTML and JavaScript for Scientists and Engineers
Springer-Verlag Secaucus NJ ISBN 1846386565 CR 0810-0929
=UNREAD =TEXT =REFERENCE INTRODUCTION HTML JAVASCRIPT CSS
Notes [click here if you can fill this hole]

Brown83

?? Brown
Error Messages: The neglected area of the man-machine interface?
Commun ACM 26 4 pp246-249
=IDEA USER ERRORS

Brownbridge90

David Brownbridge(drb@paxis.co.uk)
Using Z to Develop a CASE Toolset
pp142-149 in Nicholls90
=EXPERIENCE SSADM Z CASE
340 pages of Z -> 37KLOC object-oriented in 11 months
no need of refinement
needed for typechecker
formal specification reviews are needed
needed roadmap of hierarchy

BrownChervanyReinicke07

Susan A Brown & Norman L Chervany & Bryan A Reinicke
What matters when introducing new information technology
Commun ACM V50n9(Sep 2007)pp91-96
=SURVEY IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES =EXPERIENCE
Surveyed the literature and made list of 5 areas: Commitment, Knowledge, Communication, Planning, Infrastructure.
Took 5 projects and looked for occurences of "disconnects": Commitment(59), Knowledge(18), Communication(53), Planning(25), Infrastructure(30).
Figure 2 show relative frequency accross 4 phases: Initiation(Knowledge), Adoption(Communications), Adaption(Infrastructure), Acceptance(Infrastructure+Commitment).
Table 3 lists 6 problems, identifies a area and suggests solutions. For example: If you can't identify the best new technology you have a Knowledge problem -- invest in employee education and create a central repository for sharing tech information.

BrownEarlMcDermid92

Alan W Brown & Anthony N Earl & John A McDermid
Software Engineering Environments: Automated Support for Software Engineering
McGraw-Hill NY NY 1992 ISBN 0-07-707432-7 CR9409-0606
=ADVERTS CASE TOOLS

BrownMalveauMcCormickMowbray98

William J Brown & & R C Malveau & Hays W McCormick III & T J Mowbray
AntiPattern: refactoring software, architectures, and projects in crisis
John Wiley & Sons, New York NY(1999) ISBN 0-471-32929-0 CR9908-0593
=PATTERNS ARCHITECTURE DESIGN REFACTOR EVOLUTION
BallOfMud := "one class becomes responsible for everything that doesn't fit elsewhere."

BrownMcCormickThomas99

William J Brown & Hays W McCormick III & Scott H Thomas
AntiPattern and Patterns in Software configuration management
John Wiley & Sons, New York NY(1999) ISBN 0-471-32929-0 CR9908-0593
=PATTERNS SCM

BrowneMenon04

Glen J Browne & Nirup M Menon
Network Effects & social dilemmas in Technology Industries
IEEE Software Magazine V21n5(Sep /Oct 2004)pp44-50
=Theory Markets Economics

BrowneMoore97

Shirley V Browne & James W Moore
Reuse Library Interoperability
[Harandi97] pp182-189
=ADVERT RIG WEB/NET REUSE URNs DATA MODEL RIG=http://www.rig.org.

BrownN96

Norm Brown
Industrial-Strength Management Strategies
IEEE Software Magazine VSE13N4(Jul 1996)pp94-103
=SURVEY people DoD managers list
9 best practices::=risk management & agreeed interfaces & formal inspections(not reviews) & metics & defect tracking & quality gates on tiny steps & configuration management & visible control panel & people aware accountability

BrownP91

Patrick Brown
Integrated hypertext and program understanding tools
IBM Syst J V30n3(1991)pp363-392
=TOOL TECHNICAL
CR 9211-0872(N Zvegintov)
1. TRAILS::= prototype hypertext tool
  linking program data - HIPO | lexical afinity |Data model attributes
  p389: "Lost in Hyperspace" - "loosing track of what they are looking at or how they got there"

BrownShipmanVetter07

Jeff Brown & Bill Shipman & Ron Vetter
SMS: The Short Messaging Service
IEEE Computer Magazine V40n12(Dec 2007)pp106-110
=STANDARD SMS PROTOCOL CELL MOBILE PHONE Shortcodes WAP EMAIL
SMS::protocol="Short Message Service", not just for teenagers, also connects to the web and EMail.

BrownswordOberndorfSledge00

Lisa Brownsword & Tricia Oberndorf & Carol A Sledge (SEI)
Developing new processes for COTS bases systems
IEEE Software Magazine V17n3(Jul/Aug 2000)pp48-55
=IDEA PROCESS COMPONENTS COTS
CBS:="COTS based system", COTS:="commercial off the shelf".
Requirements, marketplce, and architecture/design are defined and tradedog at once. cf [Boehm00?]
engineering+business+project areas.
architecture is only assett youown and so is strategic and must beflexible.

Broy93

Manfred Broy
Functional Specifications of time-sensitive Communicating systems
ACM Trans Softw Eng Methodol V2n1(Jan 1993)pp1-46 CR9311-0858
=THEORY PURPOSE NON_SEQUENTIAL
(dick)|-Contacted Manfred by Email about a typo. Archive on Wiley. Copy in Office.

Broy01

Manfred Broy
Toward a Mathematical Foundation of software engineering Methods
IEEE Trans Software Engineering V27n11(Jan 2001)pp42-57 CR0102-0065
=THEORY METHODS ALGEBRA DIGRAPH FSM/STD DFDs ADT ERD SEQUENCE DATA
Not object oriented.

BroyNelson89

Manfred Broy & Greg Nelson
Can fair choice be added to Dijkstra's calculus
Report 38 (Feb 1989) from Digital Equipment Corpn Systems Research Center Palo