.Open A Glossary of terms used in CS201 and C++
. Acronyms
AKA::=`Also Known As`.
ASCII::=American Standard Code for Information Interchange.  The only form of data that is guaranteed to be transferable from one type of computer to another type.
CPP::=Put at the end of C++ program source files in $DOS, change to cpp in UNIX.
CTRL::=hold down the key marked Control when you tap the next key.
DISPLAY::=`A variable identifying where the windows are opened on the network'.
DOS::=Disk Operating System, a term dating back to the 1960's but now used to refer to a OS bundled with IBM compatible computers.
FAQ::=`Frequently Asked Question`.
Gnu::acronym= `Gnu's Not UNIX`.
HOME::=the $directory that you are in when you first log in and where you do most of your work.
HTML::=HyperText Markup Language.  An $ASCII text based language for describing pages on the $WWW.
IMHO::=`In my humble opinion`.
KISS::=`A slogan used by computer people when somebody comes up with a complicated way of doing something when a clever solution would be simpler`.
Mail::=also known as mailx.
NIS::=Networked Information System.
README::= the traditional name for a file documenting the contents of a $directory.  Please read Alice in Wonderland.
TBA::=`To Be Announced`.
TLA::=`Three Letter Acronym`.
TXT::=Put at the end of IBM/MS $DOS files that contain ASCII code.
URL::=Universal Resource Locator.
WWW::=World Wide Web.  A set of files on the internet that are all linked together.
. A
abstract::=`Describes something that is kept simple by omitting distracting details`.
analysis::=`documenting what the problem is in terms of what is given and what is desired plus the operations and formulae that can be used`.
bin::=short for `binary`. Name of a UNIX directory that has executable files(commands) in it.
. B
block::C++=`A statement that starts with a left-brace, ends with a right-brace and contains any number of declarations and statements`.
body::C++=`The part of a function $definition that describes in detail what the function does when it is called.  It must be a C++ block`.
. C
cal::=A UNIX command that prints out calendars
cat::=a UNIX command that conCATenates several files and outputs them.
char::$data_type=`used to store a single 7, 8 or 9 bit character`.
class::=`A description of a set of similar objects that perform similar operations and encapsulate more or less similar data`.
code::verb=`Translating a program design into a computer programming language and testing to remove any errors`.
comment_out::=`to change a part of a program into a comment by placing symbols in front of it or arround it`.
cp::= the UNIX command that copies files.
. D
data_object::=`An $abstract view of an $object as a container of information rather than as an active participant on the piece of software`.
data_type::=`a collection of objects that are stored in similar formats and have the same operations and operators.`
defects::=`things that are less than perfect in a program, analysis or design.`.
definition::C++=`A complete description of a function with both a $header and a $body`.
design::=`Producing a step-by-step or piece-by-piece description of how an analyzed problem is to be solved`.
directory::=`A named collection of files and other directories, listed by $ls, created by $mkdir, and removed by $rmdir'.
dos2unix::=A common UNIX utility for converting $DOS files into UNIX files.
double::=$data_type=`used for real numbers when precision is important`,
use for all measurements.
driver::=`A main program that calls a set of functions that you need to test.`.
. E
echo::=the UNIX command that takes its arguments and outputs them.
emoticon::=`One of a number of ASCII characters that encode emotional states of the writer. :-) indicates a joke and :-( unhappiness`.
encapsulated::=`Something that is protected from accidental tampering.  Something that someone else is responsible for.  None of our business at this time`.
. F
file::=a named part of secondary memory and also a UNIX command that will guess what kind of data is in a file.
float::$data_type=`used for real numbers when precision is not important`, 
good for old or small computers.
ftp::=`File transfer Protocol/File Transfer Program`.  Moves files from
function_header::=`the part of the function that comes first and describes how to call it`.
function_body::=`the part of a function between braces that is after the header`.
. G
g++ ::= The $Gnu C++ and C compiler.
gcc::= g++.
group::Set(Users). Unix users a gathered into groups for administrative reasons.
. H
header::C++=`the part of a C++ function $definition that gives the returned type(or void), the name of the function, and a list of argument specifications in parentheses`.
. I
int::$data_type=`used to store integers -- whole numbers`, use for counting things.
interface::=`A $abstract description of how an object is used: created, operated on, and deleted`.
ispell::=An interactive spell checker from FreeSoft Foundation $Gnu project.  
. K
kludge::=`A design, thing, or plan that works but is an inelegant because of time or other problems`.  Example: wearing glasses that have been repaired with duct tape.
. L
Linux::= a free UNIX created by Linus Thorvalsen(sp?) and a horde of helpers.
long::C++="An integer data type which can hold larger integers than int`.
ls::=UNIX command that lists the contents of directories.
. M
mail::= a very old program for handling EMail.
mailx::=a simple internet EMail program found on nearly all UNIXes.
major::$defects. Major defects effect the user of the program in a bad way.
man::=A UNIX command that displays simulated pages from the Famous Manuals.
method::=$analysis;$design; $code. 
minor::=`A defect that doesn't stop the program from functioning correctly and efficiently.`.
mkdir::=UNIX command to create a new empty directory.
module::=`A separate piece of a program. Ideally available as two files one holding prototypes and the other definitions`.
modules::=`plural of $module`
. N
. O
object::=`Something that is manipulated by operations and contains $encapsulated information and processing`.
operations::=`Actions that an object will perform when requested`.
option::=A part of a UNIX command that may or may not be present.  In a manual an option is put in between square brackets.  Most options have a plus or minus sign in front of them.
. P
pine::=A free and friendly EMail and news program.
postscript::=a language invent by John Warnock to describe what a page looks like when it is printed.  Actually a programming language.
prototype::C++=`A description of the arguments and returned value of a function.  A prototype is made up of a $header and a single semicolon`.
publish::=A local UNIX command that copies files from you private $directory to your public one.  It will also copy whole directories.  It assumes that the public $directory has the same structure as your private $directory but may omit some directories and files.
pwd::=Print working $directory - a UNIX command.
. R
rlogin::=the internet remote login command used to get access on another machine
rm::=The UNIX command to permanently remove a file.  Unlike $DOS del the storage is immediately recycled and can not be recovered by anything short of an electron microscope.
rmdir::=UNIX command that will remove an empty $directory.
. S
spell::= A simple UNIX spell checker that reads a file and outputs words that are not in its directory.
string::$data_type=`used to store a sequence of numbered $char`.
switch::C++.statement=`A c++ statement that selects one of a number of cases by using the value of an expression.  Syntax: switch(expr){ cases }`.
. U
user_id::=a short identifier given to people who use UNIX computers that identifies them.
user_name::=a slipshod way to refer to a $user_id
. V
vi::=UNIX's visual editor.
vi::UNIX_command=`visual editor`.  Once, before there were mice, Bill Joy design a better editor for UNIX and he called it 'vi'.
. X
xhost::UNIX_command=`Lest another computer use your display!`.
xterm::UNIX_Command=`opens up a standard X-Windows terminal and lets you type in commands`.
. Y
yp::=short name for a well known brand of telephone directory that refused to let UNIX people use its name for the $NIS.
yppasswd::=`an old UNIX command to change networked passwords`, nowadays use
$passwd.
.Close A Glossary of terms used in CS201 and C++